Joachim Georg Darjes

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Joachim Georg Darjes
Tomb of Joachim Georg Darjes and his wife Marta Friderica Reichardt

Joachim Georg Darjes (also: Daries ; born June 23, 1714 in Güstrow ; † July 17, 1791 in Frankfurt (Oder) ) was a Lutheran pastor , as well as a lawyer , philosopher , economist and enlightenment teacher as well as university teacher .

Live and act

Joachim Georg was born as the son of the preacher in the Marienkirche in Güstrow , Joachim Darjes and his wife Elisabeth, as twin children. His mother died as a result of childbirth.

The name Darjes was latinized by his great-great-grandfather from originally "von Bock" into "Darjes" (from = de or d 'and (sheep) Bock = aries).

Darjes studied theology and philosophy in Rostock in 1730, and philosophy, mathematics and church history in Jena from 1731 . In 1735 he received his master's degree in theology and began teaching at the University of Jena .

The treatise published without his knowledge in the sense of the Enlightenment De pluralitate personarum in Deitate ex solis rationis principiis demonstrata , a hypothesis to investigate whether it was possible to explain the doctrine of the Trinity on the way of philosophy, got him into great trouble because he was accused of being an atheist . The easier it was for him to say goodbye to a career as a theologian and to turn to other fields of knowledge.

In 1739 he became a Doctor of Jurisprudence . In the tradition of Hugo Grotius and Samuel von Pufendorf, he felt obliged to Roman law . As a student of Christian Wolff , he was attached to the secular natural law , the late law of reason . In 1748 he also developed efforts to work out a “general German code of law” and based on his draft for the Corpus iuris reconcinnatum created the Institutiones Jurisprudentiae Romano-Germanicae .

In 1744 he became a professor of morality and politics as Hofrat , his sponsor was Duke Ernst August von Sachsen-Weimar . In 1757 he married Marta Friderica Reichardt (1739–1794), who was already widowed. In the summer semesters of 1748 and 1756 he was prorector of the University of Jena . Then he followed the call of Friedrich II and moved to the Viadrina in 1763 .

At the University of Frankfurt he introduced camera science and in 1766 founded the royal learned society for the benefit of the sciences and the arts . In 1772 he was promoted to rector of the university. In 1786, on the occasion of his fifty years of teaching, he was awarded the gold medal by the Berlin artist Abraham Abramson . His principle of life: "Via ad veritam - Pietatis monumentum" was reflected in this award because, although he was no longer a theologian, he had always led a religious life.

Darjes was a member of the Masonic lodge to the three roses and temporarily its master from the chair .

When he died of a fever on July 17, 1791 , his wife was one of the first widows of a university lecturer in Prussia to whom an annual pension was paid.

Works

Observationes iuris naturalis socialis et gentium , 1751
  • De pluralitate personarum in Deitate ex solis rationis principiis demonstrata. Jena 1734
  • The teaching of the art of reason: which contains a reasonable instruction to improve the powers of the understanding in judging and inventing truths and has been set up from the nature of the soul in a mathematical teaching style as the foundation for a higher science and for the benefit of its listeners. Jena 1737; Reprint: G. Olms, 2000, ISBN 3-487-11185-3
  • Institutiones jurisprudentiae universalis, in quibus omnia juris naturae socialis et gentium capita in usum auditorii sui methodo scientifica explanantur. Jena 1740
  • Introductio in artem inveniendi seu Logicam theoretico-practicam, qua Analytica atque Dialectica proponuntur. Jena 1742
  • Elementa Mataphysices Tomus prior, qui philosophicam primam, Ontologiam, Monadologam, Somatologiam atque Mechanologiam complectitur, et ad Philosophiam, inprimis de Animabus, Spiritibus, Deo, Mundo, atque civitate divina, cognitionem, viam sternit. Jena 1743
  • Notes on some theorems of Wolf's Metaphysics. Published by Georg Michael Marggraf, Frankfurt and Leipzig 1748
  • Philosophical minor lessons. Gollner, Jena 1749-1752
  • First reasons of the philosophical moral doctrine drafted at the request and for the use of his audience. Christian Heinrich Cuno, Jena 1750
  • Jakob Wilhelm Blaufuß and Joachim Georg Darjes: Your distinguished member ... Joachim Georg Darjes ... was looking for a very happy wedding with you. Martha Friederika Reichardinn ... The German society in Jena in the following ode the emotions of joy and respect testify. Fickelscherr, s. a., Jena
  • Observationes iuris naturalis socialis et gentium ( la ), Volume 1. Theodor Wilhelm Ernst Guth, Jena 1751.
  • Christian Reichardt and Joachim Georg Darjes: From many years of use of the fields without fallow land and repeated fertilization: where at the same time an instruction to build the grain and pod fruits, along with the hemp, flax and some clover plants, is given, explained with copper. Nun, Erfurt 1754
  • First reasons of the philosophical moral doctrine drafted on request and for the usage of his audience. Christian Heinrich Cuno, Jena 1755
  • Via ad veritatem. Commoda auditoribus method demonstrata. Jena 1755
  • First reasons of the cameral sciences, in which the main parts of economics as well as policey and especially cameral sciences in their natural combination for the use of its academic reading are designed by v. Joachim Georg Darjes. published by Johann Adam Melchior's Wittwe, Jena 1756, reprint: Scientia-Verlag, Aalen 1969, ISBN 3-511-00622-8 .
  • Draft of a secondary school to raise poor children for the benefit of economic activities. Marggraf, Jena 1761
  • Joachim Georg Darjes and Johann Sebastian Pabst: Thorough instruction on the art of arithmetic: in which, according to a very easy and new way of calculating completely and adequately with and without fractions, the beginners are shown to the best. Christian Heinrich Cuno, Jena 1764
  • Discours on natural and international law. Jena 1762, reprint: Keip, Goldbach 1999, ISBN 3-8051-0231-3
  • The first foundations of all mathematics include the main parts of both theoretical and practical mathematics in their natural combination, designed at the request and use of its audience. Christian Heinrich Cuno, Jena 1758
  • Introduction to Freyherrn von Bielefeld's concept of state wisdom [with autobiography], published by Johann Wilhelm Hartung, Jena 1764
  • Path to Truth translated on request, accompanied by comments and contributions. Frankfurth ad Oder 1776
  • The 44th birthday of Sr. Royal Majesty Friedrich Wilhelm II. Celebrated the 25th September 1787 in a public. Meeting of d. for the benefit d. Arts & Sciences most graciously confirmed learned society. zu Frankfurt ad Oder: with 1 letter from Joachim Georg Darjes. Oehmogcke, Cüstrin 1787

literature

  • Arthur Richter:  Darjes, Joachim Georg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 758 f.
  • Johann Samuelersch , Johann Gottfried Gruber : General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts . FA Brockhaus, Leipzig, 1832, 1st section, part 23, p. 113, ( online )
  • Matthias Fritsch: Religious Tolerance in the Age of Enlightenment. Natural law justification - confessional differences . Meiner Felix Verlag GmbH May 2004, ISBN 3-7873-1658-2 , p. 149 ff.
  • Florian Gärtner, Joachim Georg Darjes: Joachim Georg Darjes and the Prussian legal reform. A contribution to the genesis of the ALR (= writings on legal history. Vol. 131). Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-428-12403-9 (also: Trier, University, dissertation, 2006)
  • Johann Georg Meusel : Lexicon of the German writers who died from 1750 to 1800. Gerhard Fleischer d. J., Leipzig, 1802, vol. 2, p. 279 ( online )
  • Ulrike Lötzsch: Joachim Georg Darjes (1714–1791). The camera operator as a school and society reformer (= publications of the Historical Commission for Thuringia. Vol. 45). Böhlau, Cologne a. a. 2016, ISBN 3-412-50149-2 .
  • Johann Christian Koppe : Now living, learned Mecklenburg. Rostock and Leipzig, 1784, Vol. 3, pp. 39–48 ( online )
  • Johann Christian Koppe: Legal Almanac for the year 1792. Rostock and Leipzig, 1792, p. 225, ( online )
  • Lutz Patitz, Georg Darjes (1714–1791), university teacher in Frankfurt on the Oder, Kleist Memorial and Research Center, Frankfurt on the Oder 1991 (Frankfurter Buntbücher / Kleist Museum, Frankfurt on the Oder; ZDB-ID: 1436107-3 ; 2)
  • Christian Salzmann : Memories from the life of excellent people of the 18th century. Verlag der Erziehungsanstalt, Schnepfental, 1802, pp. 317-320 ( online )
  • Friedrich Schlichtegroll : Nekrolog on the year 1791. Justus Perthes, Gotha, 1793, vol. 2, vol. 2, p. 335 ( online ) and 1794, third vol., Vol. 2, pp. 279-310 ( online )
  • Peter Walther: Muses and Graces in the Mark. 750 years of literature in Brandenburg . Volume 2: A historical dictionary of writers. Lukas Verlag, 2002, p. 87, ISBN 3-931836-69-X .
  • Christoph Weidlich : Biographical news from the legal scholars living now in Germany. Hemmerdeisch, Halle, 1781, Vol. 1, pp. 126-131, ( online )

Web links

Commons : Joachim Georg Darjes  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ Claus Bernet:  Joachim Georg Darjes. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 19, Bautz, Nordhausen 2001, ISBN 3-88309-089-1 , Sp. 163-173.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  2. ↑ cf. on this: Lutz Patitz, Georg Darjes (1714–1791), university teacher in Frankfurt an der Oder, Kleist Memorial and Research Center, Frankfurt an der Oder 1991 (Frankfurter Buntbücher / Kleist Museum, Frankfurt an der Oder; ZDB ID: 1436107 -3; 2), p. 2
  3. ↑ Entry in the Rostock matriculation portal
  4. ^ Paul Koschaker : Europe and Roman law . 4th edition. Beck, Munich 1966, DNB 457278439 . P. 250 f.
  5. ^ Franz Wieacker : History of private law in the modern era with special consideration of German developments. Vandenhoeck u. Ruprecht, Göttingen 2nd edition 1967, p. 321 f.
  6. ^ Roderich von Stintzing : History of German jurisprudence . Edited and continued by Ernst Landsberg . 4 volumes. Oldenbourg, Munich 1880-1910 a. Reprinted by Scientia, Aalen 1978. Volume III 1, p. 192 f.
  7. ↑ His first wife was the daughter of Hofrat Teichmeyer
  8. ↑ Lutz Patitz, Georg Darjes (1714–1791), university teacher in Frankfurt an der Oder, Kleist Memorial and Research Center, Frankfurt an der Oder 1991 (Frankfurter Buntbücher / Kleist Museum, Frankfurt an der Oder; ZDB-ID: 1436107- 3; 2), p. 5
  9. ↑ Arthur Richter:  Darjes, Joachim Georg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 758 f.
personal data
SURNAME Darjes, Joachim Georg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Daries, Joachim Georg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer
DATE OF BIRTH June 23, 1714
PLACE OF BIRTH Guestrow
DATE OF DEATH July 17, 1791
Place of death Frankfurt (Oder)