Johann Heinrich von Frankenberg
Johann Heinrich von Frankenberg (born September 18, 1726 in Groß-Glogau , Principality of Glogau , † June 11, 1804 in Breda ) was Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Archbishop of Mechelen .
Life
Johann Heinrich von Frankenberg , who came from the Silesian diocese of Breslau , first attended the Jesuit school in Groß-Glogau and then the University of Breslau . After he had received the tonsure and the minor on January 6, 1743 , he received the ordinations of subdeacon and deacon on September 21, 1748 . He then went to study at the Collegium anglicum to Rome, where he arrived Sept. 4, 1749 to the doctor of theology doctorate was.
He was ordained a priest on August 10, 1749 and returned to Austria after his studies. From 1750 to 1754 he was assistant to the Bishop of Gorizia . From 1754 to 1756 dean of the collegiate chapter of All Saints' Day in Prague, from 1756 to 1759 he was dean of the church in Old Bolesławiec.
On May 28, 1759 he was appointed Archbishop of Mechelen. He was ordained bishop on July 15, 1759 in the chapel of Schönbrunn Palace by Christoph Anton von Migazzi , the Archbishop of Vienna ; Co- consecrators were Franz Xaver Anton Marxer , auxiliary bishop in Vienna, and Ferdinand von Hallweil , bishop of Wiener Neustadt .
Frankenberg enjoyed the special favor of Maria Theresa , who in 1765 awarded him the Grand Cross of the Hungarian Order of St. Stephen . But the archbishop did not allow her to intervene in the ecclesiastical jurisdiction either, so that soon after his appointment as archbishop there were first disputes with the government. His steadfastness, but also his impeccable way of life, earned him the respect of the state authorities.
Pope Pius VI created Frankenberg cardinal on June 1, 1778 and elevated him to cardinal priest, but never assigned him a titular church . As an accomplished diplomat, he fought against Josephinism . Here he drew the wrath of Emperor Joseph II , who ordered him to Vienna and threatened him with imprisonment and dismissal. When the French occupied Belgium, the archbishop refused the oath on the constitution and demanded the return of his goods that had been confiscated from him. He refused a replacement pension. In 1797 he had to flee Belgium and went to Emmerich, which belonged to Prussia. Here he lived in poverty, but nevertheless tried to be active in the spirit of charity. He vehemently warned of the priests who had taken an oath on the constitution. Since his health was badly damaged and out of consideration for Pope Pius VII , who had concluded a concordat with Napoleon , he renounced the Archdiocese of Mechelen on November 20, 1801 . In the following years he lived in Borken, which belonged to the Principality of Münster . When this was secularized, he withdrew to Breda in the Netherlands.
literature
- Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz : Frankenberg, Johann Heinrich Graf von. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 2, Bautz, Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-032-8 , Sp. 93-94.
- Heinrich Benedikt : Frankenberg, Johann Heinrich Ferdinand Joseph Johann Nepomuk Count von, Baron von Schellendorf. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 349 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Godefroid Kurth: Count of Frankenberg . In: Catholic Encyclopedia , Volume 6, Robert Appleton Company, New York 1909.
- Augustin Theiner: Cardinal Johann Heinrich Graf von Frankenberg ... and his struggle for the freedom of the Church and the episcopal seminaries under Emperor Joseph II. Herder, Freiburg 1850 ( digitized version )
- Arthur Verhaegen: Le Cardinal de Frankenberg. Lily 1890 ( digitized version )
- Karl Theodor Wenzelburger: Frankenberg, Johann Heinrich Graf von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 270 f.
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Frankenberg, Johann Heinrich Graf . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 4th part. Typogr.-literar.-artist publishing house. Establishment (L. C. Zamarski, C. Dittmarsch & Comp.), Vienna 1858, pp. 330-332 ( digitized version ).
Web links
- Joachim Bahlcke: Johann Heinrich von Frankenberg . In: East German Biography (Kulturportal West-Ost)
- Frankenberg, Johann Heinrich von. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed November 25, 2016.
- Entry on Johann Heinrich von Frankenberg on catholic-hierarchy.org ; Retrieved November 25, 2016.
predecessor | Office | successor |
---|---|---|
Thomas Philipp Volrad de Hénin-Liétard dit d'Alsace |
Archbishop of Mechlin 1759–1801 |
Joannes-Armandus de Bessuéjouls de Roquelaure |
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Frankenberg, Johann Heinrich von |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church |
DATE OF BIRTH | September 18, 1726 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Groß-Glogau , Principality of Glogau |
DATE OF DEATH | June 11, 1804 |
Place of death | Breda |