Christoph Anton from Migazzi
Christoph Bartholomäus Anton Migazzi, Count zu Wall and Sonnenthurm (born October 20, 1714 in Trient , † April 14, 1803 in Vienna ) was Roman Catholic coadjutor of Mechelen ( Belgium ) and titular archbishop of Cartagine from 1751, and served as envoy to Empress Maria Theresa in Madrid , received the title Archbishop from the Pope in 1756 and was appointed Bishop of Waitzen in ( Hungary ). From 1757 to 1803 he was Roman Catholic Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Vienna and from 1762 to 1785 also administrator in Waitzen. From 1761 until his death he was a cardinal with the titular church Santi Quattro Coronati .
Life
Migazzi studied in Rome at the Collegium Germanicum , led by the Jesuit order , and after being ordained a priest was first canon in Brixen and Trento .
In 1745 he became a judge at the Supreme Court of the Vatican , the Roman Rota , and was appointed coadjutor of Mechelen (Belgium) and titular archbishop of Cartagine on September 20, 1751 . He was ordained bishop on October 10th of the same year by the Cardinal Bishop of Frascati , Giovanni Antonio Guadagni , co- consecrators were Ferdinando Maria de Rossi , titular patriarch of Constantinople , and Luigi Calini , titular patriarch of Antioch . At the request of Maria Theresa , Migazzi became ambassador in Madrid . On August 28, 1756 he was given the personal title of Archbishop pro hac vice by Pope Benedict XIV and appointed Bishop of Waitzen ( Hungary ). On March 18, 1757 he became Archbishop of Vienna. After the death of Bishop Karl Eszterházy , he became administrator in Waitzen on April 19, 1762 , until Emperor Joseph II forced him to abdicate in 1785. During his tenure, the present Cathedral of Vác was built.
Soon after his inauguration as Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Vienna, he founded the Vienna seminary in 1758 . In 1760 he became president of the Studienhofkommission, which was founded by Maria Theresa to reform teaching. On November 23, 1761, the cardinal was appointed by Pope Clement XIII. with the titular church Santi Quattro Coronati . In 1781 he supported the publication of Rosalino's translation of the Bible. He was an opponent of Jansenism - with which he had temporarily sympathized - and Febronianism . Despite much hostility, he persistently fought the interference in church affairs by the enlightened monarchs of his time (see also: Josephinism ).
An unexpected consequence of Joseph II's church policy was the substantial expansion of the Vienna diocesan area. The Archdiocese of Vienna reached its current size during Migazzi's tenure. In 1783 Vienna received parishes east of Vienna from the diocese of Raab , and in 1784 it received the parishes Unter dem Manhartsberg ( Weinviertel ) from the Diocese of Passau and the city of Wiener Neustadt in 1785 from the Diocese of Wiener Neustadt, which was transferred to Sankt Pölten .
Migazzi was buried in the bishop's crypt in St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna . In 1894 the Migazziplatz in Vienna- Meidling (12th district) was named after him.
literature
- Günther Anzenberger: The role of Christoph Graf Migazzis (Archbishop of Vienna 1757–1803) at the time of Maria Theresa. Diploma thesis at the University of Vienna, Vienna 1994.
- Peter Hersche : Migazzi, Christoph Graf. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-428-00198-2 , pp. 486-488 ( digitized version ).
- Franz Loidl: History of the Archdiocese of Vienna . Herold, Vienna 1983, ISBN 3-7008-0223-4 .
- Franz Loidl, Martin Krexner: Vienna's bishops and archbishops. Forty biographies. Schendl, Vienna 1983, ISBN 3-85268-080-8 .
- Josef Oswald: Migazzi, Christoph Anton Graf v. In: Lexicon for Theology and Church. 2nd edition, 7th volume. Herder, Freiburg i. Br. 1960.
- Ernst Tomek: Church history of Austria. Tyrolia, Innsbruck - Vienna - Munich 1935–1959.
- Josef Vodka: Church in Austria. Guide through their history. Herder, Vienna 1959.
- Karl Werner : Migazzi zu Wall and Sonnenthurm, Christoph Bartholomäus Anton Graf . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1885, p. 717 f.
- Celestine Wolfsgruber : Christoph Anton Cardinal Migazzi, Prince Archbishop of Vienna. A monograph and at the same time a contribution to the history of Josphinism. Hermann Kitz, Ravensburg 1897.
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Migazzi zu Wall and Sonnenthurn, Christoph Bartholomäus Anton Graf . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 18th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1868, pp. 244–248 ( digitized version ).
Web links
- Entry on Christoph Anton von Migazzi in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
- Migazzi, Christoph Anton von. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed August 19, 2016.
- Entry on Christoph Bartholomäus Anton Migazzi von Waal and Sonnenthurn on catholic-hierarchy.org ; Retrieved August 19, 2016.
- History of the Archdiocese of Vienna
predecessor | Office | successor |
---|---|---|
Michael Karl von Althann |
Bishop of Waitzen 1756–1757 |
Pál Forgách |
Johann Joseph von Trautson |
Archbishop of Vienna 1757–1803 |
Sigismund Anton von Hohenwart |
Karl Eszterházy |
Administrator von Waitzen 1762–1786 |
Ferenc Splényi |
Paul d'Albert de Luynes |
Cardinal Protopriest 1788-1803 |
Francesco Carafa della Spina di Traetto |
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Migazzi, Christoph Anton von |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Migazzi, Christoph Anton Graf; Migazzi, Christoph Bartholomäus Anton Graf zu Wall and Sonnenthurm (full name) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Catholic Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Vienna and Cardinal |
DATE OF BIRTH | October 20, 1714 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Trent |
DATE OF DEATH | April 14, 1803 |
Place of death | Vienna |