List of cardinal proto-priests

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Cardinal proto-priest (also Italian. Protoprete or primoprete ) is a mainly protocol-based office in the college of cardinals , which is held by the longest serving cardinal priest .

He is primus inter pares of his cardinal class and the highest-ranking cardinal after the cardinal bishops . In the conclave according to point 74 of the Apostolic Exhortation Universi Dominici gregis he has to speak admonishing words if it takes longer. Furthermore, at the enthronement , i.e. the solemn introduction of a Pope into his office, he speaks the prayer for the new pontiff.

The cardinal proto-priest becomes the cardinal priest whose creation dates back the longest. If the dates are the same, the placement on the creation certificate indicates which cardinal receives the title.

At the opening ceremony of Pope Benedict XVI. it fell to Stephen Kim Sou-hwan to say the formal prayer. This part was omitted when Pope Francis was introduced , as Paulo Evaristo Arns had not traveled to Rome at the age of 91 for reasons of age.

From the 16th to the 19th century, the function was often associated with the titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina , whereby the title holder was occasionally protoprete , although he was not the longest-serving cardinal.

List of incumbents

Surname Year of birth Year of death Appointment as cardinal Cardinal Protopriest Term of office comment
Stephan *? † 891 882 882? -885 3 then Pope Stephan V.
...
Emanno *? † ~ 1088 1061 1088? 0
Bonifazio *? † ~ 1088 1062 1088? 0
Pietro *? † ~ 1099 1088 1088? -1099? 11
Giovanni OSB *? † ~ 1117 1088 1099–1117?
Amico OSB *? † ~ 1122 1088 1117? –1120/22?
Bonifacio *? † ~ 1129 1114 1120/22? -1129
Gregorio Papareschi senior CRL * ~ 1075 † 1143 1088 1129-1130 1 then Pope Innocent II.
...
Gerardus Caccianemici CRSA * before 1100 † 1145 1122 1140-1144 4th then Pope Lucius II.
Gregorio CRSA *? † 1155 1138 1144-1155 11
Guido Bellagi CRSA *? † 1158 1138 1155-1158 3
Ottaviani de Monticelli * 1095 † 1164 1138 1158-1159 1 then antipope Viktor IV.
Rainaldo di Collemezzo OSBCas * ~ 1110 † 1166 1140 1159-1165 6th
Giovanni Gaderisio *? † 1181 1150 1165-1181 16
Alberto di Morra CRSA * 1105/10 † 1187 1155 1182-1187 5 then Pope Gregory VIII.
...
Guillaume de Champagne * 1135 † 1202 1179 1191? –1196?
Konrad von Wittelsbach * 1120/30 † 1200 1163 1196-1200 4th became Cardinal Bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto as early as 1163
Pamdolfo Masca * 1101 † 1201 1182 1200-1201 1
...
Gregorio Crescenzi *? † 1208 1188 1202-1208 6th
Soffredo Errico Gaetani *? † 1210 1182 1208-1210 2
...
Roffredo dell'Isola OSBCas *? † 1212 1191 1211-1212 1
Cencio *? † 1217 1193 1212-1217 5 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina
Guala Bicchieri Can. Reg. di S. Pietro of Pavia * ~ 1150 † 1227 1205 1217-1227 10
...
Leone Brancaleone Can. Reg. di S. Frediano of Lucca *? † 1230 1200 1228-1230 2
Tommaso da Capua *? † 1243 1216 1230-1243 13
Stefano de Normandis dei Conti *? † 1254 1216 1243-1254 11
John of Toledo OCist *? † 1275 1244 1254-1262 8th subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina
Riccardo di Montecassino OSB *? † 1262 1255 1261 (?) - 1262
Simone Paltineri * ~ 1200 † 1277 1261 1262-1277 15th
Anchero Pantaléon * ~ 1210 † 1286 1262 1277-1286 9
Jean Cholet *? † 1293 1281 1286-1293 7th
Benedetto Caetani * ~ 1230/40 † 1303 1281 1293-1294 1 then Pope Boniface VIII.
Pietro Peregrosso * ~ 1225 † 1295 1288 1294-1295 1
Tommaso d'Ocre OCel *? † 1300 1294 1295-1300 5
...
Jean Lemoine * 1240/50 † 1313 1294 1305-1313 8th
Arnaud de Canteloup *? † 1313 1305 1313 0
Nicolas de Fréauville OP * ~ 1250 † 1313 1305 1313-1323 10
Guillaume Teste *? † 1326 1312 1323–?
...
Annibaldo di Ceccano * 1280/82 † 1350 1327 1327-1330 3 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Jacques Fournier OCist * 1280/85 † 1342 1327 ? -1333 then Pope Benedict XII.
...
Raymond de Mostuéjouls OSB *? † 1335 1327 1334-1335 1
Pierre des Chappes *? † 1336 1327 1335-1336 1
Matteo Orsini OP *? † 1340 1327 1336-1338 2 subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
Pedro Gomez Barroso *? † 1348 1327 1338-1341 3 subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
Imbert Dupuis *? † 1348 1327 1341-1348 7th
Élie Talleyrand de Périgord * ~ 1301 † 1364 1331 1348 0 subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Pierre Bertrand * 1280 † 1349 1331 1348-1349 1
Guillaume Court OCist *? † 1361 1338 1349-1350 1 subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Frascati
Guillaume d'Aure , OSB *? † 1353 1339 1350-1353 3
Hugues Roger OSB * 1393/95 † 1363 1342 1353-1363 10 did not accept the election as Pope in the conclave of 1362
Guillaume d'Aigrefeuille OSB * 1326 † 1369 1350 1363-1367 4th subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
Pierre de Monteruc *? † 1385 1356 1367–?
Pietro Pileo di Prata * 1320/1330 † 1400/01 1378 1381-1385 4th subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Frascati
Luca Ridolfiucci de Gentili *? † 1389 1378 1385-1389 4th
Andrea Bontempi Martini *? † 1390 1378 1389-1390 1
Poncello Orsini *? † 1395 1378 1390-1395 5
Bartolomeo Mezzavacca *? † 1396 1378 1395-1396 1
Adam Easton OSB * ~ 1330 † 1398 1381 1396-1398 2
Bálint Alsáni * ~ 1330 † 1408 1384 1398-1408 10
Angelo d'Anna de Sommariva OSBCam *? † 1428 1384 1408-1412 4th subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
Giovanni Dominici OP * ~ 1356 † 1419 1408 1412-1419 7th
...
Antonio Panciera * ~ 1350 † 1431 1411 1427-1431 4th Pseudocardinal created by antipope John XXIII.
...
Domingo Ram i Lanaja CRSA * ~ 1345 † 1445 1423 1434-1444 10 subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina
Henry Beaufort * 1375 † 1447 1426 1444-1447 3
...
Louis Aleman CRSI * ~ 1390 † 1450 1426 1449-1450 1
Domenico Capranica * 1400 † 1458 1423 1450-1458 8th
Peter von Schaumberg * 1388 † 1469 1439 1458-1469 11
...
Jean Rolin * 1408 † 1483 1448 1472-1483 11
Luis Juan del Milà * 1430/1432 † 1510 1456 1483-1510? 27
Domenico Grimani * 1461 † 1523 1493 1508 0 subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Philip of Luxembourg * 1445 † 1519 1495 1508-1509 1 subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Jaime Serra i Cau * ~ 1427-1430 † 1517 1500 1509-1511 2 subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Francisco de Borja * 1441 † 1511 1500 1511 0
Tamás Bakócz * 1442 † 1521 1500 1511-1521 10
François Guillaume de Castelnau de Clermont-Ludève * 1480 † 1541 1503 1521-1523 2 subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Frascati
...
Alessandro Farnese * 1520 † 1589 1534 1564 0 subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
...
Giulio della Rovere * 1533 † 1578 1547 1567-1570 3 Appointed in pectore , published in 1548; was raised as protodiacon to cardinal priest and, as an exception, directly appointed proto priest; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
...
Marco Antonio Colonna * 1523 † 1597 1565 1586-1587 1 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
Gabriele Paleotti * 1522 † 1597 1565 1587-1589 2 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Michele Bonelli , OP * 1541 † 1598 1566 1589-1591 2 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Ludovico Madruzzo * 1532 † 1600 1561 1591-1597 6th Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
Girolamo Rusticucci * 1537 † 1603 1570 1597–1598 2 1 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Pedro de Deza * 1520 † 1600 1578 1597-1600 2 3 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Girolamo Simoncelli * 1522 † 1605 1553 1598-1600 2 2 subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Antonmaria Salviati * 1537 † 1602 1583 1600 0 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; shortly afterwards transferred to Santa Maria in Trastevere
Simeone Tagliavia d'Aragonia * 1550 † 1604 1583 1600-1602 2 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Girolamo Bernerio OP * 1540 † 1611 1586 1602-1603 1 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Giovanni Evangelista Pallotta * 1548 † 1620 1587 1603-1611 8th Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Frascati
Gregorio Petrocchini OESA * 1535 † 1612 1589 1611 0 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
Benedetto Giustiniani * 1554 † 1621 1586 1611-1612 1 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
Francesco Maria Bourbon del Monte Santa Maria * 1549 † 1627 1588 1612-1615 3 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
...
Francesco Sforza * 1562 † 1624 1583 1617-1618 1
Ottavio Bandini * 1558 † 1629 1596 1618-1621 3 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina and Cardinal Dean
Alessandro Damasceni Peretti * 1571 † 1623 1585 1620 0 became Cardinal Bishop of Albano a week after his elevation to Cardinal Priest
Bartolomeo Cesi * 1567 † 1621 1596 1621 0 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Andrea Baroni Peretti Montalto * 1572 † 1629 1596 1621-1624 3 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
Domenico Ginnasi * 1551 † 1639 1604 1624-1626 2 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
Carlo Gaudenzio Madruzzo * 1562 † 1629 1604 1626 22nd Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
Carlo Emanuele Pio di Savoia * 1585 † 1641 1604 1626-1627 1 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Giovanni Garzia Millini * 1562 † 1629 1606 1627-1629 2 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Frascati
Luigi Capponi * 1583 † 1659 1608 1629-1659 30th Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Girolamo Colonna * 1604 † 1666 1627 1659-1661 2 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Frascati
Giovanni Battista Maria Pallotta * 1594 † 1668 1629 1661-1663 2 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Francesco Maria Brancaccio * 1592 † 1675 1633 1663-1666 3 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
Stefano Durazzo * 1594 † 1667 1633 1666-1667 1 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Ernst Adalbert von Harrach * 1598 † 1667 1626 1667 0 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Giulio Gabrielli * 1603 † 1677 1641 1667-1668 1 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
Virginio Orsini OSIo.Hieros. * 1615 † 1676 1641 1668-1671 3 was cardinal protodeacon 1656–1666 ; Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Albano
Rinaldo d'Este * 1618 † 1672 1641 1671 0 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
Cesare Facchinetti * 1608 † 1683 1643 1671-1672 1 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
Carlo Rossetti * 1614 † 1681 1643 1672-1676 4th Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Frascati
Niccolò Albergati-Ludovisi * 1608 † 1687 1645 1676-1677 1 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina
Alderano Cibo * 1613 † 1700 1645 1677-1679 2 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
Lorenzo Raggi * 1615 † 1687 1647 1679-1680 1 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
Luigi Alessandro Omodei * 1608 † 1685 1652 1680-1685 5 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Carlo Barberini * 1630 † 1704 1653 1685-1704 19th Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Francesco Nerli * 1636 † 1708 1673 1704-1708 4th Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Galeazzo Marescotti * 1627 † 1726 1675 1708–1726 (1715?) 18th Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Giuseppe Sacripante * 1642 † 1727 1695 1726? -1727 1 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Giuseppe Renato Imperiali * 1651 † 1737 1690 1727-1737 10 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Gianantonio Davia * 1660 † 1740 1712 1737-1740 3 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Giulio Alberoni * 1682 † 1752 1717 1740-1752 12 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Thomas Philip Wallrad d'Hénin-Liétard d'Alsace-Boussu de Chimay * 1679 † 1759 1719 1752-1759 7th Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Domenico Silvio Passionei * 1682 † 1761 1738 1759-1761 2 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Johann Theodor of Bavaria * 1703 † 1763 1743 1761-1763 2 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Giacomo Oddi * 1679 † 1770 1743 1763-1770 7th Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Giuseppe Pozzobonelli * 1696 † 1783 1743 1770-1783 13 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Carlo Vittorio Amedeo delle Lanze * 1712 † 1784 1747 1783-1784 1 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Marcantonio Colonna * 1724 † 1793 1759 1784 0 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; subsequently Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
Paul d'Albert de Luynes * 1703 † 1788 1756 1784-1788 4th Titular Church of San Tommaso in Parione
Christoph Anton von Migazzi von Waal and Sonnenthurn * 1714 † 1803 1761 1788-1803 15th
Francesco Carafa della Spina di Traetto * 1722 † 1818 1773 1802-1818 16 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Luis María de Borbón y Vallábriga * 1777 † 1823 1800 1818-1823 5
Giuseppe Firrao * 1736 † 1830 1801 1823-1830 7th
Luigi Ruffo Scilla * 1750 † 1832 1801 1830-1832 2
Cesare Brancadoro * 1755 † 1837 1801 1832-1837 5
Joseph Fesch * 1763 † 1839 1803 1837-1839 2 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Carlo Oppizzoni * 1769 † 1855 1804 1839-1855 16 Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina ; also Archbishop of Bologna
Giacomo Filippo Fransoni * 1775 † 1856 1826 1855-1856 1 Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Benedetto Colonna Barberini di Sciarra * 1788 † 1863 1826 1856-1863 7th created in pectore , published 1828; Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Antonio Tosti * 1776 † 1866 1838 1863-1866 3 Created in pectore , published 1839
Engelbert Sterckx * 1792 † 1867 1838 1866-1867 1
Filippo de Angelis * 1792 † 1877 1838 1867-1877 10 created in pectore , published 1839; Title Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Friedrich zu Schwarzenberg * 1809 † 1885 1842 1877-1885 8th
Theodulf Mertel * 1806 † 1899 1858 1885-1899 14th last cardinal without ordination, crowned Pope Leo XIII in 1878, cardinal protodeacon 1881–1884.
Mieczysław Halka Ledóchowski * 1822 † 1902 1875 1899-1902 3 last cardinal proto-priest with titular church San Lorenzo in Lucina
José Sebastião Neto OFM Disc * 1841 † 1920 1884 1902-1920 18th
James Gibbons * 1834 † 1921 1886 1920-1921 1 youngest bishop at the 1st Vatican Council
Michael Logue * 1840 † 1924 1893 1921-1924 3
Giuseppe Francica-Nava de Bontifè * 1846 † 1928 1899 1924-1928 4th
Leo Skrbenský from Hříště * 1863 † 1938 1901 1928-1938 10
William Henry O'Connell * 1859 † 1944 1911 1938-1944 6th
Alessio Ascalesi CPPS * 1872 † 1952 1916 1944-1952 8th
Michael von Faulhaber * 1869 † 1952 1921 1952 0
Alessandro Verde * 1865 † 1958 1925 1952-1958 6th only raised to cardinal priest in 1935, became cardinal proto priest taking into account the years as cardinal deacon
Jozef-Ernest Van Roey * 1874 † 1961 1927 1958-1961 3
Manuel Gonçalves Cerejeira * 1888 † 1977 1929 1961-1977 16
Joseph Frings * 1887 † 1978 1946 1977-1988 1
Antonio Caggiano * 1889 † 1979 1946 1978-1979 1
Carlos Carmelo de Vasconcelos Motta * 1890 † 1982 1946 1979-1982 3
Giuseppe Siri * 1906 † 1989 1953 1982-1989 7th
Paul-Émile Léger * 1904 † 1991 1953 1989-1991 2
Franz King * 1905 † 2004 1958 1991-2004 13
Stephen Kim Sou-hwan * 1922 † 2009 1969 2004-2009 5
Eugênio de Araújo Sales * 1920 † 2012 1969 2009–2012 3
Paulo Evaristo Arns * 1921 † 2016 1973 2012-2016 4th
Michael Michai Kitbunchu * 1929 1983 since 2016 2

2 overlap also indicated in the source (Salvador Miranda); Clarification is pending

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Universi Dominici Gregis (February 22, 1996) | John Paul II. Retrieved August 21, 2017 .

Web links