Johann Leisentrit

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Johann Leisentrit, copper engraving

Johann Leisentrit (* May 1527 in Olmütz ; † November 24, 1586 in Bautzen ; or Johannes Leisentritt ) was a Roman Catholic clergyman, dean of the collegiate monastery of St. Peter zu Bautzen and diocesan administrator of the diocese of Meißen in the area of Upper and Lower Lusatia .

Life

Leisentrit came from a family of craftsmen, studied Catholic theology in Cracow and was ordained a priest in March 1549 . In 1551 he was recorded as a canon and in 1559 as dean of the collegiate monastery in Bautzen. Before the diocese of Meissen finally became Protestant after 1559, Bishop Johann IX appointed. from Haugwitz Leisentrit to church general commissioner of Upper and Lower Lusatia. In this position he was the rulers Emperor Ferdinand I confirmed. Leisentrit was thus responsible for the faithful of both denominations. In 1567 the papal appointment as diocese administrator took place. Leisentrit was buried in the Bautzen Petridom.

Work and meaning

Church politics

Through his clever church policy and practical pastoral care, he achieved that some of the parishes in these areas remained Catholic and that the monasteries of the Cistercian Sisters , St. Marienstern and St. Marienthal and the Magdalen Sisters in Lauban were not secularized. While his visitation rights over the Lauban monastery were undisputed, he had to face many controversies with the general abbot of the Cistercians, the Archdiocese of Prague and the imperial court regarding the supervision of the Lusatian Cistercian Sisters. Leisentrit only found recognition as an ecclesiastical authority in Upper Lusatia , where he owned the estate as dean of Bautzen. The Lower Lusatian estates, on the other hand, rejected all attempts by non-national Catholics to influence their Protestant church system.

His attempt to introduce the mother tongue in the administration of the sacraments and in the Holy Mass (so-called German High Mass) failed because of the conflicting provisions of the Council of Trent . His efforts to establish a Lusatian diocese were also unsuccessful. Leisentrit received little support from the emperor in his efforts to secure Catholicism in Lusatia.

Leisentrit was educated humanistically and he tried to raise the level of education of the clergy under him. For this purpose he set up a library for the Bautzen collegiate chapter. He arranged for young men from Catholic monasteries, including Sorbs , suitable for the priesthood to study at Jesuit schools in Prague and Olomouc. The dean of Bautzen was in contact with many outstanding personalities from the intellectual and political life of the Bohemian countries, including Archbishop of Prague Anton Brus von Müglitz . But he also maintained good contact with Protestant scholars in Upper Lusatia, for example the mayor of Görlitz and mathematician Bartholomäus Scultetus . Leisentrit wrote several papers for the parish clergy that concerned pastoral practice.

Hymn book

Among Leisentrit's works, the hymn book Spiritual Songs and Psalms of the Ancients, Apostolic Law and Christian Churches who believe in war, stands out in 1567 . This largest, probably the most beautifully equipped hymn book of the Counter Reformation, which is distributed throughout Germany, contains 250 songs with 181 melodies, including many from Protestant sources and around 70 new ones that are likely to come from Leisentrit's own pen.

Works

  • Forma germanico idiomate baptisandi infantes, secundum catholicae ... Ecclesiae ritum cum explicatione Caeremoniarum, quae circa Baptismum fiunt. Budissinae (Bautzen) [1564].
  • Sacred Songs vnd Psalms, the old Apostolic quite vnd warglaubiger Christian Churches ... . Budissin [1567]. Facsimile edition under the title: Hymnal from 1567 . Kassel: Bärenreiter / Leipzig: St. Benno 1966. ISBN 3-7618-0091-6
  • Cursus piarum quarundam, vereque evangelicarum precum, quibus per totius Anni circulum omnes Christiani pie vivere volentes, singulos dies salutiferè auspicari, transigere, ... debeant. Budissinae 1571.
  • Catholic parish book or the way in which the Catholic pastors in Ober and Niderlausitz ... visit their sick ..., ... at ... penance, and ... abduction of the Holy Sacrament of the Altar ... vermanen,. .. in distress ... to comfort; following a Catholic protest against all heresies ... Cologne 1578.
  • Catholic hymn book, full of sacred songs and psalms ... so ... may ... be sung ... (2 parts) Budissin 1584.

literature

  • L [actantius] Joannes Codicius: De reverendo atque celeberrimo viro, Domino Ioanne Leisentritio, Olomvcensi, in Collegiatae Ecclesiae Bvdissinen: Decanvm Electo. & C. Elegia. [Bautzen] 1559. (Report on the election of Leisentrit to cathedral dean and his inauguration in Bautzen)
  • Konrad Ameln:  Leisentrit, Johannes. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-428-00195-8 , p. 156 ( digitized version ).
  • Jens Bulisch: Sustainable renewal. Johann Leisentrit and the Lausitzer Sonderweg. in: Sächsische Heimatblätter 2/2017, pp. 135–146.
  • Jens Bulisch: A Catholic Luther? The Luther reception of the Apostolic Administrator Johann Leisetrit (1527–1586). In: Wichmann-Jahrbuch des Diözesangeschichtsverein Berlin 58/59 (2018/2019) NF 15, pp. 45–64.
  • Franz Schnorr von Carolsfeld:  Johannes Leisentritt . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1883, pp. 221-223.
  • Johannes Derksen : The faithful manager. Leipzig 1960 (historical novel).
  • Walter Gerblich: Leisentrit and the administration of the Meißen diocese in Lusatia . Görlitz 1931. Reprinted Leipzig 1959 (Erfurter Theol. Studies, Vol. 4).
  • Josef Gülden: Leisentrit's pastoral liturgical writings . Leipzig 1964 (Studies on the Catholic diocese and monastery history, Vol. 5)
  • Erika Heitmeyer: The hymn book by Johann Leisentrit 1567: Adaptation as a feature of the structure and genesis of early German hymn book songs. St. Ottilien: EOS-Verlag 1988. (Pietas liturgica: Studia 5), ​​zugl .: Osnabrück, Univ., Diss., 1987. ISBN 3-88096-265-0
  • Walther Lipphardt: Leisentrit's hymn book from 1567 . Leipzig 1964. (Studies on the Catholic diocese and monastery history, Vol. 5),
  • Michael Mages: Leisentrit, Johann. In: Wolfgang Herbst (Ed.): Who is who in the hymnal? Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2001, ISBN 3-525-50323-7 , pp. 195–196 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  • Martin Persch :  LEISENTRIT, Johannes. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 4, Bautz, Herzberg 1992, ISBN 3-88309-038-7 , Sp. 1396-1398.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Siegfried Seifert (Ed.): Johann Leisentrit, 1527 - 1586. On the four hundredth anniversary of death. Leipzig 1987

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Leisentrit, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Leisentritt, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dean of the Bautzen Collegiate Chapter and diocesan administrator of the Meissen diocese
DATE OF BIRTH May 1527
PLACE OF BIRTH Olomouc
DATE OF DEATH November 24, 1586
Place of death Bautzen