Joseph Anton Sambuga

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Joseph Anton Sambuga, engraving from Sailer's biography from 1816
Joseph Anton Sambuga

Joseph Anton Franz Maria Sambuga (* 9. June 1752 in Walldorf (Baden) , † 5 January 1815 in Nymphenburg Palace in Munich ) was a German Roman Catholic theologian who primarily as educators of the later Bavarian King I. Ludwig significance .

Life

The son of the Italian businessman Franz Sambuga and his wife Franziska, b. After attending school in Mannheim and with the Augustinians in Wiesloch, Grossi studied theology in Heidelberg . His mother's brother, Joseph Anton Grossi, had been pastor in Helmsheim near Bruchsal for 39 years .

On April 2, 1774, Joseph Anton Sambuga was ordained a priest in Como, Italy . As a cleric he belonged to his home diocese of Worms . From 1775 to 1778 he was chaplain in Helmsheim , from 1775 to 1778 city chaplain and court preacher in Mannheim . From 1783 he taught temporarily as Regens in Heidelberg , in the so-called "Small Seminar" or Konvikt. Sambuga's piety and zeal were already famous back then and his biographer Johann Michael Sailer writes that he had matured into an “excellent preacher” in the royal seat of Mannheim and was respected as an “adornment of the Palatinate clergy”.

Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg , court official and minister in Mannheim, as well as founder of the Mannheim National Theater and its longtime honorary director, was able to win Sambuga as pastor of Herrnsheim near Worms . Here he worked between 1784 and 1797, completely renewing the community religiously.

Prince educator in the House of Wittelsbach

In 1797, the Palatinate-Bavarian pretender Palatine Max Joseph , who resided in Mannheim, asked Sambuga to take over the religious education of his eldest son, Crown Prince Ludwig - later King Ludwig I of Bavaria . This appointment took place at the suggestion of the court master Joseph von Kirschbaum . The priest proved himself to be the educator of the Crown Prince and gradually took over the religious care of all his other siblings, including Princess Karoline Auguste , later Empress of Austria, Princess Sophie , the mother of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria , Princess Marie Anna , later Queen of Saxony and Princess Ludovika , mother of the legendary Austrian Empress Elisabeth , called "Sissi".

Elector Karl Theodor died in Munich in 1799 and Count Palatine Max Joseph and his family had to move there to succeed him as Elector Max IV Joseph from the Palatinate-Bavarian region. In 1806 he was proclaimed the first Bavarian king as Max I Joseph. Joseph Anton Sambuga moved to Munich with the princely family in 1799. In 1801 he gave up his pastoral position in Herrnsheim, which had been nominally retained since 1797 - because of the great distance - and ensured that it was legally transferred to the previous administrator Gabriel Hagspiel , who later became pastor of Grünstadt , whom he valued . Since 1808 Sambuga was an honorary member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences .

Sambuga, who had influenced the future King Ludwig I and his siblings religiously, died on June 5, 1815 in Nymphenburg Palace near Munich. The tombstone Sambuga in Munich's Winthirfriedhof was donated by King Ludwig I of Bavaria and had the motto put on it: “Joseph Sambuga, the image of virtue, the priest without blame, called by Maximilian Joseph the King of Bavaria to form his dynasty in spirit of virtue and wisdom. "

Post fame

Sermons by Joseph Anton Sambuga, published by Karl Klein , 1822

There is a variety of literature about Joseph Anton Sambuga and he himself was also an active religious writer. He is also mentioned and quoted abundantly in many biographies of the contemporary Wittelsbacher . Bishop Johann Michael Sailer of Regensburg wrote the most famous biography of him in 1816: “Joseph Anton Sambuga. As he was. Re-told to non-party connoisseurs ” . The letters and sermons of the clergyman, collected and published posthumously by the priest Karl Klein (1769–1824) , are also of historical and cultural interest .

The church historian Cölestin Wolfsgruber wrote in his biography of Empress Karoline Auguste in 1893 regarding Sambuga:

“ The former court preacher Joseph Anton Sambuga had a special influence on the princess. The Catholic clergyman advocated a theology of revelation and advocated a life of faith. This influence by ideal and conscientious educators, who also showed great teaching talent and understood their office - as Sambuga put it - as 'sacred intercourse with the pupil', remained noticeable and effective with Karoline Augusta into her old age and she was fundamental to her serious endeavors, as the Austrian Empress, to provide the children and young people with noble, intelligent and well-meaning teachers and educators and to generously support the affairs of the Christian schools. "

- Cölestin Wolfsgruber, biography about Empress Karoline Auguste

Joseph Anton Sambuga worked closely with the court councilor Louise Weyland (1758–1837) in the upbringing of the princely children .

In Walldorf, Sambuga's birthplace, there is a "Sambuga School" and a "Sambugaweg". In his place of work Herrnsheim near Worms, the former "Goethestrasse" was renamed "Sambugastrasse" in the course of the incorporation into the city of Worms in 1942.

Works

  • Protective speech for the celibate clergy , Mannheim 1771
  • History of the life and virtue of St. Vincent von Paula , Mannheim 1773
  • Something to reassure the good Catholic because of Mr. Peter Trunks ' religious complaints , (anonymous) 1781
  • The exposed Catholic, to further reassure the true Catholic , (anonymous) 1781
  • Prayer book for Catholic Christians , Mannheim 1787
  • Teaching about Holy Mass for the young , Munich 1798
  • Morning and evening prayers for young clergy. An appendix to his priest at the altar , o. O. 1800
  • Sermon on the feast day of St. Francis von Xaver , Munich 1801
  • Examination for the introduction to the text: "New Earth and New Heaven", Regensburg 1801
  • At the celebration of the first communion of Princess Auguste von Baiern, Munich 1802
  • Sermon at the Knight's Festival of St. George 1801, Munich 1802
  • On the philosophism that threatens our age, Munich 1805
  • The messenger of the gods, the new German Mercury, striking humanities ... 1805
  • On the need for improvement, 2 parts, Munich 1808
  • Investigation into the nature of the church, (anonymous) Linz (Munich) 1809
  • The devil, a New Year's present, Munich 1810
  • On the celebration of Duke Karl von Baiern's first communion, Munich 1810
  • The priest at the Lord's Altar, 2nd edition Munich 1815
  • Prayer book for Catholic Christians, Munich 1816
  • Exquisite letters, mostly written by clergymen. Along with various shorter essays, * fragments and excerpts from the estate written by the eternal man, ed. v. Karl Klein and Franz Stapf, 2 parts, Munich 1818 a. 1819
  • Collection of various thoughts on various objects from the estate of the immortalized v. Franz Stapf, Munich 1818
  • Sermons on Sundays and feast days, communicated to the friends of the deceased by Karl Klein, Mannheim 1822
  • Exquisite letters for instruction and edification for everyone. Excellent for clergy, ed. by I. Aigner, Munich 1829
  • The priest at the altar, A New Year's gift for himself and his confreres, Pest 1831
  • Speeches and essays, ed. by Johann Baptist Schmitter-Hug, Lindau 1834.

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Joseph Anton Sambuga  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Franz von Besnard: literary newspaper for the Catholic clergy , twentieth volume, 2nd volume, Landshut 1829, pages 110 to 126 (digital scan)
personal data
SURNAME Sambuga, Joseph Anton
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sambuga, Joseph Anton Franz Maria (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Roman Catholic theologian
DATE OF BIRTH June 9, 1752
PLACE OF BIRTH Walldorf (Baden)
DATE OF DEATH January 5, 1815
Place of death Munich