Maria Anna of Bavaria (1805–1877)
Maria Anna Leopoldine Elisabeth Wilhelmine of Bavaria (born January 27, 1805 in Munich , † September 13, 1877 in Wachwitz ) was a Princess of Bavaria and Queen of Saxony . She was the twin sister of the mother of Emperor Franz Joseph I, Archduchess Sophie of Austria .
Life
Early life and Queen of Saxony
Maria Anna was the daughter of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and his second wife Karoline Friederike Wilhelmine von Baden . She and her twin sister Sophie were the second pair of twins of the royal couple. As early as 1801, Queen Caroline had given birth to a pair of twins, also two girls. In the family Maria Anna was only called "Marie". In 1811 the Protestant philologist Friedrich Wilhelm Thiersch became the teacher of Maria Anna and her sisters Elisabeth Ludovika , Amalie Auguste and Sophie, whom he taught in literature, geography and history, among other things.
On April 24, 1833, Maria Anna married Prince Friedrich August II (1836–1854 King of Saxony) in Dresden , for whom this was his second marriage. Friedrich August II wrote at the time to the Saxon State Minister Hans Georg von Carlowitz that the choice of his bride was based on "precise knowledge of the excellent qualities of the mind and heart of this excellent princess"; therefore he looks forward to a happy future. But this connection - like his first marriage - remained childless. Maria Anna was the godmother of Duchess Marie in Bavaria , born in 1841 , the fourth daughter of her younger sister Duchess Ludovika in Bavaria . Marie in Bavaria was to become the last queen of Naples-Sicily and go down in history as the "heroine of Gaeta ".
Maria Anna accompanied her husband on long journeys throughout Saxony, which helped the king gain additional popularity and made him appear as an energetic, caring regent. In October 1836 Maria Anna called for the founding of women's associations on the occasion of the famine in the Ore Mountains and Vogtland . A women's association of the Upper Ore Mountains and Vogtland Women's Associations was established , which she managed and which took on a fixed legal form in 1859: the Central Committee of the Upper Ore Mountains and Vogtland Women's Associations (existed at least until 1932).
Fatal accident of the Saxon king
In August 1854 Maria Anna and Friedrich August II traveled to Bavaria, where they visited the First General German Industrial Exhibition in Munich and then went on to Possenhofen to pay a visit to Maria Anna's younger sister, Duchess Ludovika in Bavaria . While Maria Anna stayed in Possenhofen, the king, accompanied by his wing adjutant and a barracks, traveled further into the upper Inn Valley . Years ago he discovered his passion for the Alps and has been visiting Tyrol regularly ever since . On August 9, 1854, shortly after Imst , at a particularly steep point between the Brennbichl district and the Inn bridge, his touring car skidded. The king and lackey were thrown out of the carriage between the horses by an abrupt stop. One of the horses hit the monarch with its hoof behind the left ear with full force. Although it was still possible to move Friedrich August II to a nearby inn, he died there without having regained consciousness.
Widowhood
After the fatal accident of her husband, Maria Anna was a widow, a memorial chapel ( Royal Chapel ) built in the Gothic Revival style that August 4, 1855 ordained was. She died on September 13, 1877 at the age of 72 in Wachwitz and was buried in the Catholic Court Church of the Holy Trinity in Dresden .
Correspondence
The correspondence between the writer Ida Hahn-Hahn (1805–1880) and the Queen ("Marie") from 1844 to 1877 is in the Fritz Reuter Literature Archive Hans-Joachim Griephan Berlin. There are 35 letters from Ida Hahn-Hahn to Marie (July 20, 1844, November 5, 1850 to March 22, 1873) and 54 letters from Marie to Ida Hahn-Hahn (February 5, 1859 to January 8, 1877) .
Honors
The first ironworks in Saxony, founded in Cainsdorf near Zwickau in 1839, was named Queen Mary's Hut in her honor .
literature
- Martha Schad: Bavaria's queens . Piper, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-492-24598-6 .
- Helmut Hinkel: Ida Hahn-Hahn. Royal Mail. Correspondence with Queen Marie of Saxony, Queen Amalie of Saxony and Archduchess Sophie of Austria . Mainz 2016. ISBN 978-3-945751-50-3 .
Web links
Remarks
- ^ Christian Sepp: Ludovika. Sisi's mother and her century. Munich 2019, pp. 57 and 60.
- ↑ Martha Schad : Bayerns Königinnen , Piper Verlag, 1998, ISBN 3-492-22569-1 , p. 41.
- ↑ Hans-Christof Kraus : Friedrich August II. , In: Frank-Lothar Kroll (Ed.): Die Herrscher Sachsens , CH Beck, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-406-52206-8 , p. 241 f.
- ^ Christian Sepp: Ludovika. Sisi's mother and her century. Munich 2019, p. 190.
- ↑ Hans-Christof Kraus :, in: Die Herrscher Sachsens , p. 245.
- ^ Christian Sepp: Ludovika. Sisi's mother and her century . Munich 2019, p. 265.
- ↑ Martha Schad: Bayerns Königinnen , p. 37.
| predecessor | Office | Successor |
|---|---|---|
| Maria Theresa of Austria |
Queen of Saxony 1836–1854 |
Amalie Auguste of Bavaria |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Maria Anna of Bavaria |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Bavaria, Maria Anna Leopoldine Elisabeth Wilhelmine von (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Queen of Saxony |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 27, 1805 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Munich |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 13, 1877 |
| Place of death | Wachwitz |