Formosa juniper
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Formosa juniper ( Juniperus formosana ) |
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| Juniperus formosana | ||||||||||||
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The Formosan juniper ( Juniperus formosana ) is a plant from the family of the cypress family (Cupressaceae). It is native to China and Taiwan.
description
The Formosa juniper grows as an evergreen shrub or often multi-stemmed tree that can reach heights of 15 to 25 meters. The fibrous bark is brown in color and flakes off in strips. The crown is pyramidal to cylindrical in shape. The branches go straight or ascending from the trunk. The branches are drooping.
The green needles are linear-lanceolate to linear-needle-shaped with a length of 1.2 to 2.0 centimeters and a width of 1.2 to 2 millimeters. The three of them stand together in whorls . The tip is pointed. The bottom of the needle is keeled and there are two white stomatal bands on the top of the needle .
The male cones are spherical to elliptical with a diameter of 4 to 6 millimeters. They stand together in three whorls and contain nine to twelve microsporophylls , each with four or more pollen sacs . The berry-shaped cones are spherical to broadly ovate with a length of 6 to 9 millimeters and a thickness of 6 to 8 millimeters. As they ripen, they are orange to dark red-brown in color and sometimes have a blue-green tint. They each consist of six fused scales. There are three furrows on the upper side of the cones. Each cone contains three seeds. The seeds are oblong-egg-shaped to triangular with a length of 4 to 5 millimeters and a width of 3 to 3.5 millimeters. Each seed has three to four teeth and three to four resin pits at the base .
Distribution and location
The natural range of the Formosa juniper is in China and on the island of Taiwan . In China they can be found in South Anhui , West Fujian , East Gansu , Guizhou , West Hubei , South Hunan , South Jiangsu , Jiangxi , Northeast Qinghai , South Shaanxi , Sichuan , South Xizang , Yunnan and in Zhejiang .
The Formosa juniper thrives at altitudes of 200 to 3600 meters. There it grows mainly in Yushania forests and in evergreen mixed forests, but also occurs above the tree line.
Systematics
It was first described as Juniperus formosana in 1908 by Hayata Bunzō in Journal of the College of Science , Imperial University of Tokyo, Volume 25, Article 19, Page 209, Plate 38. A synonym for Juniperus formosana Hayata is Juniperus chekiangensis Nakai .
The Formosan juniper is within the genus juniper ( Juniperus ) of the section Juniperus assigned.
The species is divided into up to two varieties and one form :
- Juniperus formosana var. Formosana is the nominate form. It occurs in Taiwan as well as in Fujian.
- Juniperus formosana var. Mairei (Lemée & H. Lév.) RP Adams & CF Hsieh occurs in China. A synonym is Juniperus mairei Lemée & H. Lév.
- Juniperus formosana f. tenella Hand.-Mazz. occurs in Taiwan and southwest Sichuan.
Hazard and protection
The Formosa juniper is listed on the IUCN Red List as “not endangered”. It is pointed out, however, that a new review of the hazard is necessary.
swell
- Christopher J. Earle: Juniperus formosana. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, December 12, 2010, accessed January 5, 2012 .
- Liguo Fu, Yong-fu Yu, Robert P. Adams, Aljos Farjon: Cupressaceae. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , Juniperus formosana , p. 70 (English, online ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Christopher J. Earle: Juniperus formosana. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, December 12, 2010, accessed January 5, 2012 .
- ↑ a b c d e Liguo Fu, Yong-fu Yu, Robert P. Adams, Aljos Farjon: Cupressaceae. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , Juniperus formosana , p. 70 (English, online ).
- ↑ Juniperus formosana at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 5, 2012.
- ↑ a b c d Juniperus formosana in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 5, 2012.
- ↑ Juniperus formosana in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2011. Posted by: Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Accessed January 5, 2012 Design.
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