King Fly Agaric

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King Fly Agaric
2000 Amanita regalis cropped.jpg

King's fly agaric ( Amanita regalis )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : Agaricomycetidae
Order : Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family : Amanitaceae relatives
Genre : Wulstlinge ( Amanita )
Type : King Fly Agaric
Scientific name
Amanita regalis
( Fr  .: Fr. ) Michael

The Amanita regalis or brown fly agaric ( Amanita regalis , Syn. : Amanita muscaria var.  Regalis ) is a species of fungus from the family of Wulstlingsverwandten .

features

The cap and apical stem area of ​​the king's fly agaric in longitudinal section
The spores of the king's fly agaric at 1000x magnification under the light microscope

The king's fly agaric has a 10–15 cm wide hat and a stem up to 20 cm long and 2.5 cm thick . The fruiting bodies are spherically closed when young and covered by a yellowish velum universale, which tears when the hat is raised and remains on the hat skin as warty-lumpy, white to yellowish remains. The hat itself has a yellow or leather to dark brown color. Under the top layer of the hat, the meat is a narrow strip of yellow, yellow-brown or greenish color. The free and bulbous lamellae are very crowded and have a white to yellowish color. The spore powder is white. The white stalk, which is full in young specimens, becomes hollow with age. At the base it opens into a tuber up to 3 cm thick, which has several flaky scaly belts. The hanging ring in the upper half of the stem is impermanent.

Species delimitation

The very similar panther mushroom does not have a narrow, colored layer under the top layer of the hat. The common toadstool has warty belts on the stem.

Ecology and phenology

The king's fly agaric is a mycorrhizal fungus that lives in symbiosis with the spruce and only occurs on acidic soils. In contrast to the common toadstool, it is restricted to the original, montane and Nordic area of ​​the spruce, and could not expand its area like this with the forest spread of the spruce.

The fruiting bodies appear from July to October.

distribution

The species is widespread in temperate to boreal Europe, where it colonized the original area of ​​the spruce, it was reported in northern Italy, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Norway, Sweden and Finland. In Scandinavia it is widespread north up to the 69th parallel.

In Germany, the main distribution areas are in the Hercynian low mountain range Harz, Thuringian Forest, Ore Mountains, Fichtel Mountains, Upper Palatinate and Bavarian Forest / Bohemian Forest.

meaning

Food value

The king's fly agaric is poisonous.

Mushroom of the year 2000

Since, like many mycorrhizal fungi, it is endangered by the increasing input of nutrients into the forests, it was voted Mushroom of the Year by the German Society for Mycology in 2000.

Systematics

The king's fly agaric is closely related to the red fly agaric and is sometimes seen as a variety of this species and alternatively named as Amanita muscaria var.  Regalis .

A very light variant of the king's fly agaric without clear red or yellow tones was described as Amanita emilii in 1907 . However, the taxon is now considered a variety of A. regalis .

swell

literature

Web links

Commons : King's Fly Agaric ( Amanita regalis )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files