Potash works union Wils
| Potash works "Union Wils" | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
| other names | Wils shaft | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Start of operation | 1911 | ||
| End of operation | 1922 | ||
| Successor use | no | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | |||
| Mightiness | strongly fluctuating, up to approx. 20 m | ||
| Greatest depth | 623 m level | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 33 '52 " N , 11 ° 44' 8" E | ||
|
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| Location | Beesenstedt | ||
| local community | Salzatal | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Saalekreis | ||
| country | State of Saxony-Anhalt | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Saale-Unstrut | ||
The Wils mine of the union of the same name was a mine on potash salts and is located approx. 500 m south of the town of Beesenstedt in today's unified municipality of Salzatal in the Saale district in Saxony-Anhalt . The 1,000 Kuxe of the “Wils Union” was owned by the “Johannashall Union”, so that this mine was in fact a subsidiary of the latter union. The board of directors and the management were the same people on both mines.
location
This pit is located on the northeast edge of the Mansfeld Mulde. Due to the proximity of the edge of the basin, the effects of salt leaching near the edge became noticeable in the vicinity of the pit fields (e.g. locally missing saline from Zechstein 4 and 3). Due to the influence of the marginal disturbances of the Halle porphyry area , the storage conditions of the salinar on Schacht Wils are very complicated.
The “Staßfurt” potash seam was mined mainly in carnallitic facies , and to a lesser extent also hard salt . In connection with the end of the German potash monopoly after the First World War and the endeavor to fundamentally reorganize and rationalize the potash industry, which was reflected in the so-called Decommissioning Ordinance of July 18, 1919 , operations were discontinued in 1922.
Devil time: 1909 to 1911 (final depth 623.489 m); Shaft diameter 4.5 m clear width to depth 233 m; 5.0 m clearance to final depth; Open pit cavities: approx. 100,000 m³. A breakthrough contract was signed with the neighboring "Johannashall union" to fulfill a second shaft required by the mining authorities . The breakthrough in both pit fields took place in February 1912.
Geological and hydrogeological reservoir conditions of the Wils mine
The geological and reservoir economic situation
The Wils mine is located in the northeast part of the Mansfeld Mulde. The Mansfeld Mulde stands out relatively steeply against the presalinary layers of the Hallescher Mulde (Rotliegends, Porphyre) in the east and the Halle-Hettstedter mountain bridge in the north. The leaching of the Zechstein from the point of departure towards the interior of the trough is quite advanced in this area - due to the steep fall of these layers. The salt level is on the northern edge of the Mansfeld Mulde at around - 190 m above sea level; he was u. a. proven with the Zaschwitz borehole ( brine source ). In addition to the leaching tectonic processes to strong led disorders of the deposits of the Zechstein in the area. The general stroke of the Salinar runs almost parallel to the axis of the Mansfeld Mulde (SE-NW), but the undulating course of the trough and saddle lines leads to the formation of irregular crests and depressions. In addition, rigid horizons (such as main anhydrite) have been separated out by flow tectonics and salt accumulation, so that the geological conditions in the area of both pits are relatively complicated.
The intensity of the disturbances increases after the edge of the basin due to the porphyry abutment there, so that the Zechstein in the Wils mine field was less tectonically influenced than on the Johannashall mine located to the north. According to MÜLLER, outcrops from Zechstein 4 (borderline anhydrite) to Zechstein 2 (Staßfurt rock salt) existed in the mine field . The border anhydrite - which was always heavily shattered and torn in the outcrops - the Leine rock salt, the gray salt clay / main anhydrite complex and the “Staßfurt” potash deposit were subject to greater tectonic stress. It is worth mentioning a gas deposit (presumably methane ) that was encountered with a pilot hole in the pegmatite anhydrite and was under high pressure (March 1921: 60 bar pressure).
Due to the pronounced flow tectonics, the anhydrite lines of the Leine rock salt were only indistinct and blurred. This enabled rock salt (stratigraphically probably line salt ) with over 99% NaCl to be mined at the Wils mine and sold directly as table salt . The potash deposit occurred mainly folded in the younger salt series. In bauwürdiges thickness it was found mainly in the Northeast and Northwest Field. The mined carnallitite (petrographically anhydritic carnallite halite with little kieserite ) showed conglomerate formation. Especially in the north-west field it only occurred as a rubble mercarnallite; stratified carnallitite was completely absent.
As in the neighboring Johannashall mine, the K 2 O and kieserite content showed an increasing tendency towards the hanging wall. The kieserite content was lower than in the other outcrops of the Mansfeld Mulde and thus of the same order of magnitude as on the Johannashall shaft. The various authors have different, sometimes contradicting, information about the thickness and K 2 O content of the deposit. A high-percentage carnallite deposit is said to have been developed 700 m from the shaft over a striking length of 200 m and a flat height of 150 m (K 2 O 10.1 - 12.6%). In places were hard salt and sylvite with a K 2 O content to 13.3%, and thicknesses of 1.5 m determined in the roof and floor of the bearing. The camp, which formed numerous hollows and saddles, had an average thickness of 9 m and a K 2 O content of up to 12.9% (an average of 10%).
With regard to the tectonics, the conditions at the Wils mine were simpler than those at the Johannashall mine, but the Wils deposit was relatively severely disturbed compared to other outcrops in the Mansfeld Mulde. The crosscut to the south penetrated the southward dipping leg of a saddle. A potash deposit that was worth building was not found, a pilot bore encountered layers of the Upper Zechstein. The drives to the north were mainly in the Leine rock salt. Only in the north-west and north-east field was the potash store - as already mentioned - in a thickness worth building. In both parts of the field, the camp was tied to saddle structures; the saddle in the northeast field is said to have been flatter than that in the northwest field.
The hydrogeological conditions
The hydrogeological situation of the area is influenced to a certain extent by the leaching around the northeast edge of the Mansfeld Mulde in the area of the outflow of the Zechstein. In the areas where salt leaching occurs, there are only seldom usable water resources . Most of the time the hanging wall is largely drained, while the lying wall is more or less salty, or depending on the level of leaching, only water with a high degree of hardness occurs.
The middle red sandstone appears as the main aquifer. The main part of the Wils mine field lies in its area of distribution. The Upper Buntsandstein shows only little water flow, mainly bound to the Lower Röt. The waters are characterized by high carbonate hardness . It is also worth mentioning water resources in Quaternary fluvial formations, for example northwest of the Wils mine or southeast of the Johannashall mine. However, due to the small spatial extent of these deposits and their small catchment areas, they are only of local importance. Detailed hydrogeological documents are not available from the areas of the Wils mine or the neighboring Johannashall mine, so that information on the depth and course of water-bearing horizons, as well as information on the chemistry of the water, cannot be given.
The shaft construction
The shaft construction began in 1909. In November 1911 the salt store was reached at 600 m. The Wils shaft also served as a second shaft (so-called "police shaft ") for the mine field of the "Johannashall union", whose shaft is about 2.8 km away from Wils. The Gesamtteufe of the shaft is the official Plans of underground workings to 623.489 m.
The accessible documents for the shaft sinking are poor and z. Sometimes also contradicting. So is z. B. a “ Report from the inspection of the Wils shaft on October 8, 1912 ” (source: United Works Archives of the Kaliindustrie -Staßfurt, file no. A / V 2 c 102; quoted by FUCHS et al.): “The shaft of 651 m depth stands on a total of 233 m in iron with a clear diameter of 4.5 m. The remaining 418 m are lined , here the diameter is 5 m. Screeds and guides are already built in. A bottom has been set at 624 m depth. Since the shaft walls have not yet been re-sealed, the eaves water is currently around 40 l / min ... "
This depth information differs from the official map by a considerable approx. 27.5 m. In the following, however, the further explanations are derived exclusively from the representations in the official drawings of the Wils mine (made in 1958 by the markscheiderei works of the Teutschenthal potash works according to overview drawings on a scale of 1: 2000 of the Magdeburg State Archives).
Shaft diameter: 4.5 m clear width to depth 233 m; 5.0 m clear width to the final depth.
Removal and installation, dismantling and relocation processes
The mining field of the Wils shaft
Development work: During the development work carried out on Wils, a high-percentage carnallite deposit was first encountered approx. 700 m east of the shaft over a striking length of approx. 250 m and a flat height of 150 m. This camp had a K 2 O content of up to 21% and was accompanied in places by hard salt and sylvine (up to 1.50 m thick) on the hanging and lying walls. The method of dismantling had to adapt flexibly to the very complicated storage conditions. There were probably different methods of raw salt extraction - due to the fluctuations in thickness - used.
Wintershall AG / Kassel informed the former Halle Oberbergamt in an overview of the type of mining in November 1940:
Type of salt: Carnallilite and hard salt, K 2 O content: 7 - 9%.
Thickness of the potash deposit: 0 - 20 m.
Construction field depths:
- Ostfeld: −375 m to −412 m above sea level.
- Southeast field: −365 m to −385 m above sea level.
- Southwest field: −373 m to −412 m above sea level.
Mined thickness: full deposit height or maximum construction height 9 m.
Type of extraction: Chamber construction .
Dimensions of the extraction chambers: north field 80 m long, 10 m wide. North-east field 80 m long, 10 m wide. Remnants were isolated up to a width of 20 m. Pillar thickness between the chambers = 7 m, to the sections = 7 m (at least). Number of cuts between the chambers: 3 m wide cuts at a distance of 30–50 m. Breakdown losses : 40 to 45%.
The breakthrough from the eastern edge of the northeast field of the Wils pit to the northwestern area of the southwest field of the Johannashall pit took place in February 1912. For this purpose, Wils drove a crosscut to the northeast at the level of the 623 m level. From the Johannashaller Grubenfeld, the opposite location approached with a gradient of 19 degrees, because a difference in height of at least 73.1 m had to be compensated (starting point Wils: −446.6 m above sea level; starting point Johannashall: −373.5 m above sea level).
Information on the offset
Offset type: dry offset, complete or incomplete offset.
Backfill material: rock salt from the alignment and fixture lines and small amounts of residues from the potash factory.
Due to the special permit granted by the Halle Oberbergamt on April 11, 1922, the excavation cavities that were still open at the Wils shaft could not be offset.
Unmoved cavities:
Nordfeld: 6 chambers, width: 9 and 10 m, height: 6 - 8 m. Cavity: 15,900 m 3
North-east field: 4 chambers, width: 10 m, height: 2 - 4 m. Cavity 4,900 m 3
Total: 20,800 m 3
The financial and business situation
- Founding: The "Johannashall Union" ceded its rights to the Salzmutungen Kurt bei Schochwitz and Else I bei Fienstedt to the Privy Councilor of Justice Alexander Thoene from Naumburg and to the reindeer Felix Rauter from Essen. Afterwards, both of them put in new suspicions , which referred to the points of discovery that gave rise to these suspicions. The Royal Mining Office in Halle / Saale, they were in the years 1906 and 1907, first due in ten dowsing (all these holes were kalifündig) the mines Wils , Wils 2 and 3 , Alexander , Rautendelein , Nickelmann , Goethe , Lessing , Schiller and Wieland for Extraction of rock salt and breaking salts awarded. These ten potash salt works were then merged into a single potash mine in Wils in accordance with the confirmation decision of the aforementioned Oberbergamt of August 6, 1908, and rounded off by field exchange. The “Wils zu Beesenstedt Potash Mine Trade Union” was registered as the owner.
- Fair: The consolidated mine had an area of 21,880,466 m 2 in the districts of Schochwitz, Raether, Höhnstedt, Krimpe, Elbitz, Gorsleben, Naundorf, Beesenstedt, Schwittersdorf, Dederstedt, Volkmaritz, and Zörnitz. The right marches with the fields of the Mansfeld trade union, the protection drilling company and the "Johannashall union". The Upper Mining Office in Halle approved the separation of half of the legitimate people for the purpose of creating a special “Schochwitz Mine” (“Schochwitz Union”, see map at the top right).
- Number of Kuxe: 1000. These were all owned by the “Johannashall Union”, which operated its own mine (Kurt shaft) and potash factory in the immediate east.
- Participation figures: 2.71 thousandths from February 1, 1913. 3.8047 thousandths from September 1, 1916. From January 1, 1925 2.9624 thousandths. On December 31, 1926 2.8726 and on December 31, 1927 2.8416 thousandths. From October 1, 1932 2.7845 thousandths.
The chronology of the company's development (excerpts from the years 1911–1914)
The board and management were the same over the entire duration of operation as at the mine of the “Johannashall union”.
- 1911: Board of Directors: Privy Councilor A. Thoene, Halle / Saale (chairman). Management: Director Hugo Honigmann, Johannashall. The shaft is sinking. Operator : Obersteiger Heimeshoff. Average number of workers: approx. 60 men.
- 1912: Management: as before. Average number of workers: approx. 120 men.
- 1913: Management: as before. Average number of workers: approx. 90 men.
- 1914: Management: as before. Average number of workers: approx. 90 men.
The processed salts took place in the potash factory of the "Union Johannashall".
Closure of the Wils mine
After the First World War and the "loss" of the Alsatian potash mines, the German potash monopoly was broken. In order to curb the overproduction of potash salts, on October 22, 1921, the Reichstag issued the “Ordinance on the Amendment of the Provisions of the Law on the Regulation of the Potash Industry” of July 18, 1919, referred to as the “Decommissioning Ordinance”. With this ordinance, the potash plant operators were offered to voluntarily shut down less profitable plants by the end of December 31, 1953. The participation number previously granted to such works, the so-called sales quota, could be transferred (read: sold) to other works.
The application for closure was submitted jointly by the “Wils and Johannashall unions” in 1922. On September 20, 1926, union meetings resolved to liquidate both unions and the sale of the entire assets to Kali-Industrie Aktiengesellschaft Berlin, Kassel / Wintershall Aktiengesellschaft, was approved. After this point in time, shaft maintenance and controls were carried out by this stock corporation. On October 9, 1922, the mining authorities were notified of the removal of the guide rails and screeds and announced on July 23 that it was completed.
- Further dismantling data
- May 1924 Demolition of the headframe.
- May 20, 1924 Completion of the manhole cover .
- December 1924 Dismantling of the winder .
Current condition (status 2004)
After the transfer of the entire assets to Wintershall AG, shaft maintenance and controls were also carried out by Wintershall AG from this point in time.
From 1945 and with the exception of the period from January 1, 1952 to August 1, 1953 - during this time the "Geological Commission" in Berlin was responsible for the shafts - VEB Kaliwerk "Germany", Teutschenthal, was responsible for the maintenance and control of the Manhole covers / superstructures responsible. Since the GDR's safekeeping order of October 10, 1971 (GDR GBl. II No. 73), the council of the Halle district has been responsible for a large number of old potash pits, so-called “pits of old mining without legal successors ”.
With the accession of the GDR to the area of application of the Basic Law , the Johannashall mine was considered to be a "decommissioned facility of a mining operation for which a legal successor does not exist or can no longer be determined". In place of the councils of the districts, the respective state governments acted until the relevant regulatory authority regulations were issued (for the state of Saxony-Anhalt : Law on Public Safety and Order of the State of Saxony-Anhalt (SOG LSA) in the version published on 23 September 2003 ( GVBl. LSA p. 214), last amended on May 18, 2010 (GVBl. LSA p. 340)). Thus, up to now, this shaft system is the responsibility of the municipality with regard to the duty of care for the purpose of averting danger. These and many other potash and rock salt mines that were closed at the time require continuous monitoring.
literature
- Fuchs, Götze, Bauer and Kiesewetter: Analysis of mining damage for the shafts “Johannashall” near Kloschwitz, Saalkreis, “Wils” near Beesenstedt, Saalkreis, in the Halle district . Teutschenthal September 1971 (in the archive of the LAGB Saxony-Anhalt).
- Yearbooks of the German lignite, hard coal and potash industries . Wilhelm Knapp, 1929, ZDB -ID 217218-5 .
- J. Mossner (Hrsg.): Handbook of the potash mines, salt pans and deep drilling companies . Finanz-Verlag, Berlin 1936.
- Erich Müller: The salt deposit on the north-eastern edge of the Mansfeld Mulde in the outcrops of the Johannashall, Wils and Salzmünde potash works . In: Kali . No. 23 . Wilhelm Knapp, Halle 1929, p. 18 (Dissertation, Technical University Berlin, 1923).
- Günter Pinzke: Expert opinion on the assessment of the mining and public safety of selected potash pits without legal successors on the territory of the Halle district . Ed .: Council of the District of Schwerin, Geology Department. Schwerin 1979 (archive of the LAGB Saxony-Anhalt).
- Blei, Jung: About the anomalous Zechstein profiles in the area of the Mansfeld Mulde . In: Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.): Freiberger research books . C 133. Freiberg 1962.
- Löffler: The Zechstein potash and rock salt deposits in the GDR . Part III Saxony-Anhalt. In: Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.): Freiberger research books . C 97 / III. Freiberg 1962.
- v. Hoyningen: Salt tectonics and leaching in the area of the Mansfeld Lakes . In: Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.): Freiberger research books . C 56. Freiberg 1959.
Web links
- Photo gallery II - Selected potash and rock salt shafts in Saxony-Anhalt and attempts at loosening them in the Staßfurt potash seam. Retrieved January 13, 2012 .
- Schächte Johannashall and Wils - object description. Retrieved February 15, 2016 .