Klivie
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Clivia miniata |
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| Clivia miniata | ||||||||||||
| ( Lindl. ) Rule |
The Klivie ( Clivia miniata ) is a plant from the genus of clivia ( Clivia ) in the family of Amaryllidaceae family (Amaryllidaceae). It is native to southern Africa and some varieties are used as ornamental plants around the world .
description
Clivia miniata grows as a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of about 45 cm. There are rhizomes formed. From a certain age, it reproduces vegetatively through the formation of secondary shoots. The basal and more or less two-line leaves are sessile. The simple, dark green, glossy leaf blades are sword-shaped with a width of up to 6 cm.
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On a strong, upright inflorescence stem 10 to 20 flowers stand together in a golden inflorescence . The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and threefold. The six identical bloom cladding sheets are only briefly fused and are orange to red with a yellow throat. There are six stamens. The stylus ends in a three-column scar. The round or oval berries turn red as they ripen. The berries can take over a year to ripen. Viviparia sometimes occurs ; in this case, the seeds begin to germinate in the ripe berries. First, the taproot of the seedling drills through the berry skin.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.
Toxicity
Due to the contained alkaloid lycorin , the plant parts are poisonous.
Occurrence
The home of the Clivia miniata is in Swaziland and the South African province of KwaZulu-Natal , Eastern Cape and Mpumalanga . There it thrives in valleys with loamy to humus soils , preferably on well-drained soils .
use
In Europe was Clivia miniata about introduced to the 1850th It was a popular houseplant for a long time, but is no longer very fashionable.
Some varieties or varieties are (selection):
- Clivia miniata var. Citrina W. Watson : This is a form with creamy yellow petals.
- Clivia miniata striata: This form has cream-striped leaves.
Culture conditions
The clivia can only tolerate brief, light frosts down to about −2 ° C. It needs a lot of water in summer, but should be kept relatively dry in autumn (from around October) and winter so that it can keep its hibernation.
The generative reproduction by sowing the seed is considered to be lengthy, from sowing to first flower It usually takes at least three years. Since self-pollination is possible, only one specimen is required for seed collection. The vegetative reproduction takes place through the separation of secondary shoots that form on older plants. The secondary shoots are separated from the plant as soon as they are strong enough (at least 3 pairs of leaves have formed) and have their own roots.
Taxonomy
This species was in 1854 by John Lindley in Gardeners' Chronicle, London 1854, pp 119, 149 under the name (Basionym) Vallota miniata first described . It was placed in the genus Clivia in 1864 by Eduard August von Regel in Gartenflora , Volume 13, Plate 434 . Other synonyms for Clivia miniata (Lindl.) Are usually : Clivia sulphurea Laing , Imantophyllum miniatum Hook. The specific epithet miniata means menning color and refers to the color of the flowers.
photos
Plant without flowers
inflorescence
unripe fruit
ripe fruits and new flowers
Berry with germinating seeds (left), seeds removed from the berry (right)
Seedling, approximately 2 weeks after the seeds that have germinated in the berry have been placed in potting compost
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literature
- Fritz Encke: Plants for rooms and balconies , Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1964.
Individual evidence
- ^ Clivia as a house plant. (Clivia miniata and C. nobilis) - HS Heide-Jørgensen, 12/2004, update 03/2011. (engl.)
- ^ Tropicos. [1]
- ^ A b Clivia miniata in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved February 8, 2012.
- ↑ Entry in Tropicos . Retrieved February 8, 2012
