Kollwitzplatz
| Kollwitzplatz | |
|---|---|
 |
|
 View of the square |
|
| Basic data | |
| place | Berlin |
| District | Prenzlauer Berg |
| Created | 1875 |
| Newly designed | 1949 |
| Hist. Names | Wörther Platz |
| Confluent streets |
Kollwitzstrasse, Husemannstrasse, Knaackstrasse, Wörther Strasse |
| use | |
| User groups | Pedestrians , cyclists , road traffic |
| Space design | Green area |
| Technical specifications | |
| Square area | Triangular shape 60 m × 160 m × 140 m |
The Kollwitzplatz is a town square in the Berlin district of Prenzlauer Berg , Pankow district . The square forms the center of the so-called "Kollwitz kiez ". On October 7, 1947, it was named after the German graphic artist and sculptor Käthe Kollwitz , who spent a large part of her life here in the house at Weissenburger Strasse 25 (destroyed by the war, since 1947 property at Kollwitzstrasse 56a). Until then it was called Wörther Platz ; a name he received when planning the area in 1875. This also indirectly reminds of the husband Karl Kollwitz , who worked as a doctor here until 1940 and thus shaped the area around the square independently of his wife. The triangular complex is bordered by Kollwitzstraße, Knaackstraße and Wörther Straße (with Husemannstraße branching off from it). Overall, the space is around 6000 m².
Location and neighborhood
Kollwitzplatz is located between Wörther (north), Kollwitz (east) and Knaackstrasse, and Husemannstrasse opens from the north. It gives the Kollwitzkiez its name and is noted in the planning system of living- worldly oriented spaces (LOR) with "03 07 15 37". The Kiez as planning area 37 (Kollwitzplatz) belongs to the district region 15 (Prenzlauer Berg Süd) of southern Prenzlauer Berg (07), which is a forecast area for the Pankow district (03). The social atlas of the planning area lists 15,606 inhabitants (June 2017), of which 3596 are foreigners and 1528 are Germans with a migration background . According to the age structure, 2926 under 18-year-olds live in the Kiez, 9266 between 18 and 50 years, 2526 between 50 and 65 and 888 people are older than 65 years. In this size the planning area is bounded by Danziger Straße in the north, Prenzlauer Allee in the east, Torstraße in the south and Schönhauser Allee in the west. Kollwitzstrasse runs through the center of the neighborhood. To the west of it (to the south from Danziger Strasse) are Hagenauer and Husemannstrasse and Knaackstrasse crossing to Prenzlauer Allee. Rykestrasse runs east of Kollwitzstrasse and north of Knaackstrasse. To the south of Knaackstrasse, Diedenhofer and Kolmarer Strasse border the Wasserturmplatz , which in turn lies between Knaackstrasse and Belforter Strasse. Metzer and Saarbrücker Straße run through the south of the neighborhood from Schönhauser to Prenzlauer Allee. At the Wasserturmplatz, the Straßburger Straße opens from the Torstraße and from the east the Mühlhauser Straße, from Prenzlauer Allee. North of Kollwitzplatz borders the Wörther Straße and to the north the Sredzkistraße, both between Schönhauser and Prenzlauer Allee. The triangular Senefelderplatz on Kollwitz- / Metzerstraße is located in Kollwitzkiez with the third side facing Schönhauser Allee.
Four street names in the northern neighborhood are named after people. On the one hand after Siegmund Sredzki , Ernst Knaack , Walter Husemann (1903-1943), communist and resistance fighter against the Nazi regime / until 1952 Hochmeisterstraße after the Hochmeister , the highest office in the Teutonic Order . Furthermore, the square and the street were named after Käthe Kollwitz (1847–1945, German painter and graphic artist) on her 100th birthday. Rykestrasse has been named after the Berlin mayor Bernd Ryke (around 1390 – around 1449) since 1891 . The other seven street names are assigned to cities in Alsace, Lorraine and Saarland.
The Rykestrasse Synagogue ( Temple of Peace and Lauder-Beth-Zion School) and the Jewish Cemetery (Rykestrasse 53) are located in the neighborhood . The latter east of Schönhauser Allee from Senefelder Platz to Wörther Straße, bounded by their southern houses 1–11, the opposite side from Kollwitzplatz (Knaackstraße 39–45) and Judengang , which lies behind the property on Kollwitzstraße between Senefelderplatz and Kollwitzplatz. The water tower is typical of the Kiez . The oldest in Berlin is between Diedenhofer, Knaack-, Kolarer and Belforter Straße. Two schools belong to the Kiez: School at Kollwitzplatz and School in Hofgarten - 03G45. The former school building in Straßburger Straße became a refugee accommodation for 200 people in 2012. In addition to the two daycare centers at the school on Kollwitzplatz, there is one near the water tower and Belforter Straße 11 in the planning room. There are two buildings for youth clubs (Saarbrücker Straße 23). The cultural brewery , which is listed as a monument, with the building front along Knaackstraße and the entrance on Sredzkistraße, belongs to the neighborhood. In addition, there is the “Sebastian Haffner Culture and Education Center” at Prenzlauer Allee 227/228 of the Pankow Adult Education Center . The building complex with the museum and library at the water tower is located on the northern property of Mülhauser Straße between Prenzlauer Allee and Kolmarer Straße.
The area of the planning ram is (as of 2010) shown at 3,908,974 m². The largest share of the area (30%) is used for living space (residential buildings). 23% of the area is used by trade and retail, 22% by green spaces and parking spaces, including cemeteries and squares. The street space covers almost 10% of the planning space within the bounding streets.
The adjacent planning areas from the north in a clockwise direction are Helmholtzkiez (03061332), Thälmannpark (03071633), Winsviertel (03061638), Mitte district (Alexanderplatzviertel: 01011303), Teutoburger Platz (03071536) and Falkplatz (03061131).
history
The area around the square was the German-Dutch Actien- Building Association purchased to it in the early days to open up to 1875 systematically as a residential area. Shortly after the Franco-Prussian War , the square was named Wörther Platz after the Battle of Wörth , which, like the names of the surrounding streets, was a reminder of the locations and German commanders of the Franco-German War. From 1885 to 1887, the complex was designed as a typical Wilhelminian style decorative square, probably based on designs by the then city garden director Hermann Mächtig . In World War II the residential area with the exception of three Eckgrundstücke of the square and the southern Kollwitzstraße was largely spared from damage. As a result, only a few houses were renovated and modernized by the end of the 1970s. In 1949, Kollwitzplatz was redesigned according to designs by the garden architect Reinhold Lingner .
In preparation for the 750th anniversary of Berlin in 1987, some of the adjacent streets were reconstructed as part of a redevelopment plan.
On October 3, 1990, at midnight on Kollwitzplatz, unity critics proclaimed the Autonomous Republic of Utopia , known as the micronation , for this one night only .
In the mid-1990s, three of the four empty corner properties were rebuilt. Since the German reunification , the residential area around Kollwitzplatz has continuously developed into one of the most expensive residential areas in Prenzlauer Berg.
The restoration closed in June 2017 . The restaurant, which was opened for the 750th anniversary, was the only gastronomic offer on the square in GDR times .
Memory of Käthe and Karl Kollwitz
In memory of Käthe Kollwitz, who lived here from 1891 to 1943, at the suggestion of the sculptor Gustav Seitz, a sculpture by the artist was erected opposite the property of her house in 1950 . It was a replica of the sculpture Mother with Two Children , made after the Second World War . After this was relocated next to a newly built residential building in 1960, it was implemented again in 1996, as a residential building was finally built on the corner plot that had been exposed by bombs . To mark the anniversary of Käthe Kollwitz's 120th birthday, the newly erected sculpture on the building of the former Prenzlauer Berg district office at 17 Fröbelstrasse was inaugurated.
In 1956 Gustav Seitz received the order for a Kollwitz memorial from the East Berlin magistrate . After submitting a self-portrait of the painter, he designed a bronze sculpture that was placed in the center of the square in 1961. This sculpture is a work of art that is particularly popular with children and is used for climbing.
In 1997, the Prenzlauer Berg Cultural Office initiated the Denkzeichen competition to commemorate the artist on the grounds of the former Kollwitzhaus. As a result, the artist Pat Binder exhibited contemporary graphics and photographs in a light box in front of the newly built house at the corner of Kollwitz and Knaackstraße in a photo / graphics gallery Käthe Kollwitz , which was supposed to be “committed to the humanistic spirit of Käthe Kollwitz's work”. From 1997 to 2006 29 artistic works were exhibited in this way in the street, this project was considered an important innovation in the field of artistic commemoration. After the project ended in 2006, the graphics were added to the collection of the Prenzlauer Berg Museum . At the beginning of 2007 Pat Binder's idea of the light box was picked up by the Käthe Kollwitz Museum Berlin with a new light box set up at this location (see picture), which refers to the museum in Charlottenburg .
Residents
To the north-west of the square is the Kulturbrauerei event center on Knaackstraße in the building ensemble of the former Schultheiss brewery created by Franz Schwechten .
The Rykestrasse synagogue is located southeast of the square . From there, the funeral procession went to the Jewish cemetery in Prenzlauer Berg across Kollwitzplatz to the entrance to the Judengang , a path at the back of the residential buildings that was laid out for this purpose in 1827.
On all three adjoining streets, restaurants and bars have settled at Kollwitzplatz with a view of Kollwitzplatz, which underlines its attractiveness as a tourist destination.
Markets
Since the year 2000 there has been a weekly market on Saturdays between 9 a.m. and 6 p.m., an organic market on Thursdays and a Christmas market on Advent Sundays . The "Kollwitzmarkt" is one of the most popular markets in Berlin and has become a tourist attraction.
In the mid-1990s, residents tried to initiate a weekly market on the square, which was prevented at the time by the district office with the argument that the square did not have a suitable area for a market. A spatial solution for the markets was later found in a temporary closure of the section of Wörther Straße located on Kollwitzplatz. Since a section of Wörther Strasse was converted into a traffic-calmed area in 2007/2008 , parts of the weekly market have been held on the section of Knaackstrasse to the west of the square, so that it now extends over half of the streets adjacent to the square. This led to protests from local residents. After a long legal battle, the market is currently taking place in Kollwitzstrasse.
In the media
One of the first key scenes of the agent thriller Jason Bourne from 2016 takes place at Kollwitzplatz . The exterior shots for the Berlin section of the film with Matt Damon and Vinzenz Kiefer were shot in 2015 on Falckensteinstrasse in Kreuzberg .
Germany-wide media attention attracted a series of so-called spaetzle attacks on the monument by Käthe Kollwitz in 2013. Activists proclaimed the autonomous Swabian district of Schwabylon in Berlin with the action .
From 1997 the comic strip Die Mütter vom Kollwitzplatz by the Berlin cartoonist OL appeared in the Berliner Zeitung . In 2013 the series was published as a panorama book by Lappan Verlag. The main focus is on the gentrification of the city and the relationship between old and new Berliners.
Web links
-
Kollwitzplatz. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
- Wörther Platz . In: Luise.
- in-prenzlauer-berg.de
- The Kollwitzplatz in Prenzlauer Berg 1970
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kiezatlas
- ↑ Map of Berlin 1: 5000 (K5 - color edition): Kollwitzkiez around Kollwitzplatz
- ^ Map of Berlin 1: 5000: northwest of the Kollwitzkiez
- ↑ Map of Berlin 1: 5000: Rykestrasse
- ^ Map of Berlin: Wasserturmplatz
- ↑ Map of Berlin 1: 5000: south of the Kollwitz district
- ↑ Location of Wörther and Sredzkistraße
- ↑ (1892–1944), German resistance fighter / until 1952 it was called Franseckystraße after General Eduard von Fransecky
- ↑ (1914–1944), resistance fighters against the Nazi regime / until 1952 Tresckowstrasse
- ^ Until 1947 as Wörther Platz
- ^ Until 1947 as Weißenburger Straße after the Battle of Weißenburg (1870) .
- ^ Location of the Jewish cemetery in the neighborhood
- ↑ school history of GSAK : Sredzkistraße 8, to two day-care centers Knaackstraße 53 and 63
- ↑ The 45th elementary school is located within the square Danziger / Kollwitz- / Sredzki- / Husemannstraße with the address Danziger Straße 50, the educational institution is named after Hofgarten : in Berliner Woche , June 26, 2013
- ↑ Land use of the planning areas (living environment-oriented rooms) on the basis of the usage mapping of the information system city and environment (SenStadt Environmental Atlas / IIIF), data status December 31, 2010
- ↑ Source: Berlin rent index 2013 .
- ↑ Stefan Strauss: Kollwitzplatz: The last GDR restaurant is closed . In: Berliner-Kurier.de . ( berliner-kurier.de [accessed on July 29, 2017]).
- ↑ pat-binder.de - website of the Argentine artist Pat Binder, who now lives in Prenzlauer Berg.
- ^ Thierse and the wrong stationery ( Memento from January 27, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) . In: netzeitung.de , January 25, 2008
- ^ Crisis area Kollwitzplatz. The well-known weekly market has moved to Knaackstraße and that is causing a rage for residents and businesses . In: Berliner Zeitung , February 7, 2008
- ↑ Should the market on Kollwitzplatz close? In: Der Tagesspiegel , June 24, 2009
- ↑ Kollwitzplatz: With bags and bags . In: Berliner Zeitung , January 5, 2012
- ↑ Jason Bourne's Film Tourism. Retrieved August 21, 2016 .
- ^ According to Thierse-Schelte: Spätzle attack on Berlin's Kollwitzplatz. In: Spiegel Online , Hamburg Germany. Retrieved July 29, 2017 .
- ↑ About OL. In: Carlsen Verlag , Hamburg Germany. Retrieved July 22, 2019 .
- ↑ That pleases even those affected. In: taz , Berlin. Retrieved July 22, 2019 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 32 '10.5 " N , 13 ° 25' 1.8" E