Colossal statue
Dimensions approx. 4 × 4 × 1 meter. Louvre , Paris.
A colossal statue is a fully three-dimensional statue ( sculpture or plastic ) of several to many times life size, mostly of a human person or an animal (less often an object) made of stone, also made of bronze , copper or precious materials such as gold , ivory on iron with wood as a support frame. Colossal statues are also known as monumental statues .
meaning
Colossal statues, such as winged bulls and lions in Mesopotamia, were a common representation practice in advanced civilizations . The main purpose is the symbolic representation of God and ruler as a statue or seat, less often as an equestrian statue. People believed that a statue of a god had to be large to be beautiful, significant, and appropriate to the deity.
The custom of making giant statues disappeared after the fall of the Roman Empire in the Mediterranean and was only revived at the beginning of the Renaissance . In the Far East, however, colossal Buddha statues continued to be made, such as B. the Shwethalyaung Buddha (built in 994).
Word origin
Etymologically , the word "colossus" comes from Asia Minor (probably from Phrygian , see the place name Kolossai ), around 1000 BC. In ancient Greek - Doric imported word (κολοσσός, Latin colossus), which initially only meant a statue without any reference to size. After it was used on the Helios of Rhodes , it became a synonym for a huge, huge statue, later generally for everything oversized.
Examples
Antiquity
- around 1370 BC Chr .: Colossi of Memnon Amenhotep III. in Thebes-West , Egypt ( quartzite ) - 18 m
- around 1250 BC Chr .: Colossal statues of Ramses II. (Sandstone) - 20 m
- around 450 BC Chr .: Athena statue of Phidias in Athens ( gold and ivory on wood) - 13 m
- around 438 BC Chr .: Zeus statue of Phidias in Olympia, seated statue (covered with gold, ivory and ebony) - 12 m
- around 320 BC Chr .: Zeus statue of Lysippus in Tarent (bronze on iron frame / stone) - 24 m
- around 290 BC Chr .: Colossus of Rhodes (bronze on iron frame / stone) - 34 m
- around 65 AD: Colossus of Nero , statue of Emperor Nero in the entrance hall of the Domus Aurea (bronze, gilded) - 35 m
- around 330 AD: Colossal statue of Emperor Constantine I in Rome (stone) - 12 m
- 5th century: Colossus of Barletta , statue of an Eastern Roman emperor (bronze) - 5.1 m
The Zeus statue of Phidias and the Colossus of Rhodes are among the wonders of the world .
Modern times
- 1504: David statue by Michelangelo in Florence - 5.17 m
- 1624: Colossus San Carlo , statue of Karl Borromeo in Arona , Italy (copper) - 24.50 m + base 11.70 m, total 36.2 m
- 1850: Bavaria in Munich (bronze) - 18.5 m + base 8.9 m, total 27.4 m
- 1875: Hermann monument in the Teutoburg Forest (copper on iron pipe framework) - 26.57 m + stone base 26.89 m, total 53.46 m
- 1883: Niederwald monument near Rüdesheim (bronze) - 10.5 m (with base 38 m)
- 1886: Statue of Liberty in New York (copper on iron frame) - 46.5 m + base 55.5 m, total 102 m
- 1904: Cristo Redentor de los Andes , on the border between Argentina and Chile , highest placed colossal statue: 3832 m above sea level. M. - 6 m
- 1906: Bismarck monument in Hamburg (granite) - 14.8 m + base 19.5 m, total 34.3 m
- 1931: Cristo Redentor in Rio de Janeiro - 30 m + base 8 m (28 m span)
- 1937: Sculpture worker and kolkhoz woman in Moscow (steel) - 24.5 m
- 1967: Mother Motherland statue in Volgograd - 85 m without base
- 1982–1990: Replica of the ancient statue of Athena Parthenos in the Parthenon replica in Nashville , USA (bronze / plaster / gold leaf on steel and fiberglass ) - 13 m
- 1994: Cristo de la Concordia , largest statue of Christ 1994–2010, at 2,840 m above sea level. M., Cochabamba , Bolivia . - 34.2 m + base 6.24 m
- 2002: Zhongyuan Buddha in Lushan , People's Republic of China (copper) - 108.45 m
- 2007: Monument of the Emperors Yan and Huang near Zhengzhou , People's Republic of China ( indigenous rock) - 106 m
- 2008: Laykyun Setkyar , a Buddha in Khatakan Taung, in Myanmar - 116 m (tallest statue in the world until 2018)
- 2010: Christ the King statue from Schwiebus , Poland - 36 m + base 16 m (highest statue of Christ since 2010)
- 2016/17: Montemaria , the largest statue of the Virgin Mary near Batangas City , Philippines - 96 m + base 21 m
- 2018: Statue of Unity in the Indian state of Gujarat - 182 m + base 58 m (tallest statue in the world, 2018)
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Winged human-headed bull louvre.fr (English)
- ^ Pausanias : Description of Greece - Pausaniae Graeciae descriptio . Book I, 24, 5-7 (edited by Maria Helena da Rocha-Pereira, 3 volumes, Teubner, Leipzig 1973-1981).
- ↑ Replica of the ancient Athena statue in Nashville, Tennessee nashville.gov (English)