Lambert de Sayve

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Lambert de Sayve (* 1549 in Saive in the Prince Diocese of Liège ; † between February 13 and 28, 1614 in Linz ) was a Franco-Flemish composer , singer and conductor of the late Renaissance .

Live and act

The year of birth of Lambert des Sayve results from the inscription of a picture of the composer, which is on page 2 of his motet collection Sacrae symphoniae ; here it says: "1612, Aetatis suae 63". Nothing has been handed down about his family of origin and his early days; Music historians assume that he received his first training as a choirboy at the St. Lambertus Cathedral in Liège. According to some sources, he entered the service of the imperial court orchestra in Vienna at a young age in 1562 . However, his name did not appear in the membership lists of the court orchestra until 1568, when Philippe de Monte took over the leadership of the chapel. On February 1, 1569, he took up the post of singing master at the Melk Abbey , after having announced a corresponding need from there via Emperor Maximilian II (“the better provision of the Cantorei and the institution of the youth”). A year later the composer traveled to Spain with other members of the band to take part in the wedding of Anna Maria of Austria to King Philip II of Spain on November 12, 1570. After returning from the one and a half year trip, de Sayve continued his work in Melk. When the chapel was regrouped after Maximilian's successor Rudolf II took office in 1576, de Sayve's service in Melk also ended. Before February 1577, he joined Archduke Karl's court orchestra in Graz ; here his function is described as "Capeln-Singer-Knaben-Preceptor". In 1580 he submitted a resignation request, which was not granted; He was only able to leave Graz at the end of June 1582 after a renewed request for release.

De Sayve probably entered the service of Archduke Matthias shortly afterwards as Kapellmeister ; this is only documented from August 1583. There is little information about his time as imperial bandmaster. He was certainly part of the archduke's entourage on his travels and moves to Linz, Vienna and Prague . In 1589 the composer stayed at Kremsmünster Abbey for several months ; almost ten years later, in the winter of 1598/99, he took over from Abbot Johann III. asked by Kremsmünster to find a new place of work. At the invitation of the abbot, de Sayve and his family returned to Kremsmünster in the summer of 1599 and traveled to Vienna in July 1599 in the abbot's entourage, where he initially stayed. In 1603 the composer received the Klafterbrunn farm as a hereditary fief. In the same year, the imperial bandmaster Philippe de Monte died; officially, however, this position has not been filled again for the time being. When in 1605 the marriage between the seventeen-year-old Constanze , the younger sister of Archduke Ferdinand, and Sigismund III. Wasa , King of Poland, Lambert de Sayve had written a twelve-part celebratory motet for it. For the marriage of his employer Matthias to Anna von Tirol on December 4, 1611, the composer created another wedding motet. In the following year, 1612, the solemn coronation of Matthias took place in Frankfurt am Main ; de Sayve's twelve-part pompous motet “Regna triumphalem” was performed here between June 12 and 14. In that year he was also officially the imperial court conductor. In 1613 the composer and his employer took part in the Reichstag in Regensburg ; then the court set out on October 25, 1613 on the waterway over the Danube to Linz. During this trip, donations to Lambert de Sayve from the Augsburg cathedral chapter for his Sacrae symphoniae of 1612 and from the Linz members of the Reichstag are documented. The composer wrote his will in Linz on February 13, 1614 and died there a little later.

His brother Mathias de Sayve the Elder (before 1550-1619) was also active in the Viennese court orchestra, in the meantime he had a job as a choir director in Salzburg (1606-1608) before he worked in the imperial chapel until 1617. Other members of the family who performed as musicians were Erasme de Sayve (around 1563-1631/32), Arnold de Sayve (around 1574 - July 15, 1618) and Mathias de Sayve the Younger (around 1580-1616), in part with a relationship that has not been finally clarified.

meaning

The main part of Lambert de Sayve's compositions are his 120 motets; there are also 7 masses , 1 magnificat , 24 canzonets and 22 German songs. In 1612 the composer brought almost all of the motets together in the Sacrae symphoniae collection ; the dedication shows that they were written between 1583 and 1612. Most of them are 39 psalm settings , followed by 23 responsories and 22 antiphons . In all motets the decline of the contrapuntal- linear style of composition compared to a more chordal notation can be observed. The liveliest melodic movements take place in the upper parts, and the bass parts show the typical function intervals. In this way, his motet-like music leads in part to a monumental early Baroque multi-choir; He is thus more progressive than his contemporary Jakob Regnart , who has stuck to the imitative style of the Renaissance.

Although Italian music was already highly regarded at the Habsburg courts at this time, Sayves Canzoni a la napolitana from 1582 are his only contribution to this genre. His song book from 1602 is the last contribution by a Dutchman to the German language song; the songs are written in the most modern style of the canzonette at the time and are almost all stanzas. Homophonic and linear-imitative spelling are evenly distributed and create a structure of voices that is flexible in several voices. The treatment of dissonances is very individual and rich in the most varied of formulations . When interpreting the words, the model of the madrigal can be clearly seen. Michael Praetorius re-edited Lambert de Sayves songs in Wolfenbüttel in 1611 with a particularly praising foreword.

Works

  • Spiritual works
    • 7 masses with five to sixteen voices, including the 16-part mass "Missa super Dominus regnavit" for the coronation of Matthias, 1612, the 14-part mass "Missa super omnes gentes" and the five-part mass "Missa super Lyram pulset"
    • 3 motets of four to eight voices, in Novi atque catholici thesauri musici , liber 3 and 4, Venice 1568
    • Motet “Maria rein mit dein Sohn gmein” with five voices, in Rosetum marianum , Dillingen 1604
    • Motet “Crucifixus” with three parts, in Triodia sacra , liber 1, Dillingen 1605
    • Collection of motets Sacrae symphoniae for four to sixteen voices, Klosterbruck 1612, including "De confessoribus, adorans Daniel Deum"
    • Magnificat secundi toni to eight votes
  • Secular works
    • “Il primo libro delle canzoni a la napolitana” with five voices, Vienna 1582
    • 2 chansons in the Amorum filii Dei collection by J. Lindemann, Erfurt 1598
    • “Teutsche Liedlein” with four voices, with 22 songs, Erfurt 1602; New edition by Michael Praetorius, Wolfenbüttel 1611

Literature (selection)

  • R. Bragard: Lambert de Sayve , Liège 1934
  • A. Kellner: Music history of the Kremsmünster Abbey , Kassel / Basel 1956
  • G. Rebscher: Lambert de Sayve as a motet composer , dissertation at the University of Frankfurt am Main 1959
  • E. Schenk: On the life and family history of Lambert de Sayve. In: Festschrift Helmut Osthoff, edited by L. Hoffmann / H. Hucke, Tutzing 1961, pages 103–114
  • J. Quitin: A propos de trois musiciens Liègeois du 16e siècle: Petit Jean de Latre, Johannes Mangon et Mathieu de Sayve. In: Festschrift KG Fellerer, edited by H. Hüschen, Cologne 1973, pages 451–462
  • V. Panagl: Latin motet of homage for members of the House of Habsburg. Occasional poem set to music as part of neo-Latin rulers ' panegyric , Frankfurt am Main 2004

Web links

swell

  1. ↑ Michael Zywietz :  Sayve, Lambert de. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 14 (Riccati - Schönstein). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2005, ISBN 3-7618-1134-9  ( online edition , subscription required for full access)
  2. ↑ Marc Honegger, Günther Massenkeil (ed.): The great lexicon of music. Volume 7: Randhartinger - Stewart. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau a. a. 1982, ISBN 3-451-18057-X .
personal data
SURNAME Sayve, Lambert de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Saive, Lambert de; Seave, Lambert de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Franco-Flemish composer and bandmaster of the Renaissance
DATE OF BIRTH 1549
PLACE OF BIRTH Saive , Principality of Liège
DATE OF DEATH February 1614
Place of death Linz