Lancaster (Lancashire)
| Lancaster | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Coordinates | 54 ° 3 ′ N , 2 ° 48 ′ W | ||
| OS National Grid | SD475615 | ||
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| Residents | 52,234 (as of April 29, 2001) United Kingdom Census 2011 | ||
| administration | |||
| Post town | LANCASTER | ||
| ZIP code section | LA1 | ||
| prefix | 01524 | ||
| Part of the country | England | ||
| region | North West England | ||
| Shire county | Lancashire | ||
| District | Lancaster | ||
| British Parliament | Lancaster and Fleetwood | ||
| Website: www.lancaster.gov.uk | |||
Lancaster is a port city in north-west England in the county of Lancashire and lies on the River Lune . It has 52,234 inhabitants (2011) and is the administrative seat of the City of Lancaster .
history
The earliest use of the city name can be found in the Domesday Book from 1086, where the city was named Loncastre , which meant that it was a Roman military camp (Latin: castrum) on the River Lune, the second part of the term can also be found in Old English in the word cæster (German: Veste ).
In the Middle Ages Lancaster was one of the most important English ports for overseas trade . The old English ruling dynasty of the House of Lancaster also comes from the city . Although Lancaster had been an important town for centuries, it was not granted city rights until May 14, 1937 . Until 1974 Lancaster was also the capital of the county of Lancashire.
education
On the southern edge of the city is the University of Lancaster with more than 15,000 students. A campus of the University of Cumbria has been located in the city since 2007 on the former site of the King's Own Border Regiment . With around 900 students, the historic “Lancaster Royal Grammar School”, along with the “Lancaster Girl's Grammar School”, is of national importance.
Museums
- City Museum: Founded in 1923 ; The City Museum Lancaster covers the history of the City of Lancaster.
- Maritime Museum: Founded 1985 ; In the former customs house and a neighboring department store in Lancaster Harbor, there are exhibitions on the city's port, its fishing industry and local shipping in general.
- King's Own Royal Regiment Museum: Established in 1929 ; deals with the history of the British "Fourth Infantry - Regiment on foot", which commonly is called "the King's Own Royal Regiment".
- Cottage Museum: The Cottage Museum represents the living conditions of the average city dweller in the 18th century.
- Roman bath houses : excavation site of a Roman bath complex discovered in 1973/74, which was probably destroyed around 340 AD.
Buildings
- Lancaster Castle . The oldest part of today's castle dates back to 1200, when Normans conquered the city and the surrounding area and built a castle to keep the peace. The castle was rebuilt by Thomas Harrison .
- Lancaster Priory . The abbey church (Lancaster Priory) that still exists today comes in this form mainly from the 14th and 15th centuries.
- Skerton Bridge . The bridge, built in 1783-87, still leads over the River Lune today and carries modern road traffic across the river as a one-way street on the A6 trunk road . The stone arch bridge was designed by Thomas Harrison .
- The neo-Gothic St. Peters Cathedral of the Catholic diocese of Lancaster , founded in 1924, was built as a parish church in 1857-59.
- Lancaster train station
- Lancaster Harbor
- Lune Aqueduct
- Lune Millennium Bridge
Town twinning
Lancaster has five twin cities and two city friendships:
| city | country | status | since |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aalborg |
 Denmark
|
Twin town | 1982 |
| Almere |
 Netherlands
|
City friendship | |
| Lublin |
 Poland
|
Twin town | 1994 |
| Perpignan |
 France
|
Twin town | 1962 |
| Rendsburg |
 Germany
|
Twin town | 1968 |
| Vaxjo |
 Sweden
|
Twin town | 1996 |
| Viana do Castelo |
 Portugal
|
City friendship |
Personalities
- John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (1340-1399), father of Henry IV and founder of the House of Lancaster
- Henry Cort (1740-1800), English entrepreneur and inventor ( puddling process )
- Thomas Harrison (1744-1829), architect
- Robert Gradwell (1777-1833), Catholic bishop, was a pastor in the Claughton neighborhood from 1809 to 1818
- Thomas Edmondson (1792–1851) invented the first machine around 1836 to print train tickets and to stamp the date
- Sir Richard Owen (1804-1892), surgeon, zoologist, paleontologist and evolutionary biologist, coined the term "dinosaur"
- James Williamson, 1st Baron Ashton (1842–1930), son of the entrepreneur James Williamson (1813–1879), was a major industrialist who built up a large textile and linoleum industry. In his day he was one of the richest men in the world and he donated several monuments to the city (Queen Victoria Monument, Luneside Gardens, Ashton Memorial, Williamson Park).
- Laurence Binyon (1869–1943), poet and art historian
- Barbara Wharton Low (1920–2019), biochemist and physicist
- Brian Michael Noble (1936–2019), Roman Catholic minister, Bishop of Shrewsbury
- Scott McTominay (born 1996), soccer player
Web links
- Lancaster Council
- Illustration of the city in 1611 in Civitates orbis terrarum by Georg Braun and Frans Hogenberg
Individual evidence
- ^ City Museum. Retrieved July 1, 2019 .
- ^ Maritime Museum. Retrieved July 1, 2019 .
- ^ King's Own Royal Regiment Museum. Retrieved July 1, 2019 .
- ^ Cottage Museum. Retrieved July 1, 2019 .
- ^ Roman Bath House. Retrieved July 1, 2019 .
- ↑ Twin towns - Lancaster City Council . Retrieved September 29, 2016.