Agricultural Academy Proskau

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The Proskau Agricultural Academy in Proskau Castle in Upper Silesia, around 1860. Original drawing by A. Toller

The Agricultural Academy Proskau in Proskau near Opole in Upper Silesia existed from 1847 to 1881 and then became part of the Royal Agricultural University in Berlin .

From 1847 to 1881 the baroque Proskau Castle, formerly the residence of the Count Proskowski, then (until 1783) owned by the Count von Dietrichstein, served the Royal Prussian Gardening School. The Prussian state set up a higher agricultural educational institution here from 1847. The higher agricultural college was dissolved in 1881 and moved to the Royal Agricultural University in Berlin.

Lecturers at the agricultural college in Proskau

The first director in Proskau was the agronomist Ernst Heinrich (1792–1862). From 1863 to 1881 the agricultural scientist Prof. Dr. Hermann Settegast Director of the Agricultural Academy Proskau.

Prof. Dr. Gustav Stoll took on the post of institute gardener at the agricultural academy from summer 1848 to 1854. During his six-year tenure, Stoll laid out a botanical garden there, founded the institute's tree nursery and saw to it that fruit tree plantations were planted.

The lecturers at the agricultural academy in Proskau included:

  • The agricultural scientist Adolf Blomeyer was a professor there from 1865 to 1868.
  • The physicist and meteorologist Richard Börnstein was a professor there from 1878 to March 1881.
  • The veterinarian Karl Dammann was a professor there from 1863 to 1875.
  • The construction engineer Friedrich Engel (born September 20, 1821 in Danzig, † May 13, 1890 in Berlin) was a builder and lecturer there from 1857 to 1881.
  • The chemist Ernst Flechsig was an assistant at the Animal Chemistry Institute of the Agricultural Academy Proskau from 1878 to 1887.
  • The agricultural scientist Hugo Grahl completed his habilitation in 1876 at the Agricultural Academy in Proskau, where he held lectures on crop production and agricultural management.
  • The geologist Hans Gruner was there from 1869 to 1881 teacher for the mineralogical disciplines.
  • The natural scientist Robert Hartmann was there from 1865 to 1867 teacher of zoology and comparative physiology.
  • The chemist Paul Jannasch was an assistant at the Agricultural Academy in Proskau.
  • The botanist Ludwig Konrad Albert Koch was temporarily a lecturer and acting head of the Plant Physiological Institute.
  • The agricultural scientist Julius Kühn completed his habilitation in 1856 at the Agricultural Academy in Proskau and held a lecture on arable farming systems and crop rotations as a private lecturer in the winter semester of 1856/57.
  • The agricultural chemist Julius Lehmann (born July 4, 1825 in Dresden, † January 12, 1894 ibid) was professor there from 1867 to 1869.
  • The agricultural scientist Carl Leisewitz taught there from 1863 to 1866 as a lecturer.
  • The veterinarian Christian Friedrich Rabe was a veterinary teacher there
  • The economist and statistician Hans von Scheel was there from 1869 to 1871 teacher of economics.
  • The agricultural scientist Adolf Stengel was a lecturer there from 1857 to 1862.
  • The agricultural scientist Ewald Wollny , a graduate of the agricultural college in Proskau, was appointed to Proskau as a "teacher for agriculture" in the spring of 1871. Here he first dealt with animal breeding, then with plant cultivation.

As the department head for horticulture, fruit growing and viticulture in the Royal Prussian Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests , the secret government councilor Traugott Mueller was responsible for Proskau.

New appointments from the Proskau Academy to the Berlin University were: its director Hermann Settegast for animal breeding and management, Richard Börnstein for physics, Hans Gruner for mineralogy and geognosy and Hugo Grahl for arable and crop production.

Well-known students at the Agricultural Academy in Proskau

  • The manor owner, district administrator and member of the German Reichstag, Leo Becker, attended the agricultural academies in Proskau and Eldena between 1864 and 1866 .
  • The manor owner and member of the German Reichstag, Karl Götz von Olenhusen, studied at the Agricultural Academy in Proskau.
  • The agricultural scientist Ewald Wollny studied from 1866 to 1868 at the Agricultural Academy in Proskau.
  • The Austrian landowner, entrepreneur and parliamentarian Adolf Latzel studied at the Agricultural Academy in Proskau.

Royal pomological institute Proskau

In Proskau there was also a Royal Pomological Institute from 1868 to 1924 , i.e. an institute for fruit growing. To this end, gardens, greenhouses and a fruit tree nursery were laid out north of Proskau. Because of the poor soil conditions in Proskau, a relocation of the Royal Pomological Institute to Trebnitz in Lower Silesia has been discussed since around 1899 .

The horticultural inspector and economic adviser Prof. Dr. Gustav Stoll was the first director of the Royal Pomological Institute in Proskau from 1868 to 1892. He was followed by his son Rudolf Stoll, then from 1911 to 1922 by the economist Otto Schindler and finally, from 1922 to 1924 by Heinrich Zeininger , the last royal court garden director in Prussia.

Rudolf Aderhold was the independent head of the botanical department of the research station and Dr. Richard Otto was head of the chemical department of the experimental station of the Royal Pomological Institute. The chemist at this research station was Dr. F. Tschaplowitz. From 1874 to 1876 the botanist Oskar von Kirchner worked at the Pomological Institute in Proskau. The botanist and phytomedicist Paul Sorauer was from 1872 to 1893 head of the plant physiological research station at the Royal Pomological Institute in Proskau. At the same time he gave lectures on plant physiology and plant protection at the agricultural academy there. The royal horticultural director and well-known strawberry grower Franz Goeschke worked for at least 29 years, from 1874 to at least 1903, at the Pomological Institute Proskau.

The gardener Max Jubisch was employed at the Royal Pomological Institute Proskau from April 1872, where he worked as a senior assistant after a two-year course.

Well-known students at the Proskau pomological institute

  • The botanist Hugo Baum completed a two-year study of pomology at the Prussian state gardening school in Proskau.
  • The gardener Alexander Bode visited the Pomological Institute in Proskau.
  • The landscape architect Rudolf Germer studied from 1907 to 1909 at the Royal Pomological Institute in Proskau.
  • The dendrologist and horticultural architect Hans Felix Kammeyer (1893–1973) attended from 1916 to 1920 the course for garden art at the institute for fruit and horticulture in Proskau.
  • The gardener Hermann Kube visited the Pomological Institute in Proskau.
  • The landscape architect Karl Heinrich Meyer attended the Horticultural College in Proskau.
  • From 1916 to 1920 (with interruptions) the landscape architect Georg Pniower studied horticultural technology in Proskau.
  • The later head of the garden and burial office in Berlin-Zehlendorf, Emil Schubert, who u. a. who designed Mexikoplatz (Berlin) , attended the college for fruit growing and horticulture in Proskau from 1899 to 1901
  • The garden architect Richard Thieme visited the Pomological Institute in Proskau.

Forest ranger school and arboretum

In Proskau there was also a "forest apprentice school" (forestry school) and an arboretum . In 1867 the zoologist Reinhold Hensel became professor of zoology at the Proskau Forest Academy.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Katrin Hirte: The German agricultural policy and agricultural economics: the emergence and change of two ambivalent disciplines. Springer VS 2019, p. 249, https://books.google.de/books?id=Tlt0DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA249&lpg=PA250
  2. ^ The scientific and medical state institutions of Berlin. Festschrift for the 59th meeting of German naturalists and doctors. On behalf of Sr. Excellency of the Minister of Spiritual, Educational and Medicinal Affairs, Dr. von Gossler edited by Professor Dr. med. Albert Guttstadt, Berlin 1886, published by August Hirschwald, chapter: "The agricultural college - The zootechnical institute", p. 425, https://digital.ub.tu-berlin.de/view/work/bv005759789/439/
  3. ↑ Dr. EL: Gustav Stoll. Biographical sketch with portrait. In: Pomological monthly books. Volume 15, 1869, p. 161ff., P. 162, corresponding to p. 172 of the PDF file, http://gartentexte-digital.ub.tu-berlin.de/pomologie/Pomologische_Monatshefte/Band_15.pdf#page= 172
  4. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon. Volume 3, Leipzig 1905, p. 68, http://www.zeno.org/nid/20006341691
  5. ^ The scientific and medical state institutions of Berlin. Festschrift for the 59th meeting of German naturalists and doctors. On behalf of Sr. Excellency of the Minister of Spiritual, Educational and Medicinal Affairs, Dr. von Gossler edited by Professor Dr. med. Albert Guttstadt, Verlag von August Hirschwald, Berlin 1886, chapter: “The agricultural university - the physical cabinet and meteorological observation station”, p. 426, https://digital.ub.tu-berlin.de/view/work/bv005759789 / 426 /
  6. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon. Volume 5, Leipzig 1906, pp. 786-788, http://www.zeno.org/nid/2000655377X
  7. ^ The scientific and medical state institutions of Berlin. Festschrift for the 59th meeting of German naturalists and doctors. On behalf of Sr. Excellency of the Minister of Spiritual, Educational and Medicinal Affairs, Dr. von Gossler edited by Professor Dr. med. Albert Guttstadt, Verlag von August Hirschwald, Berlin 1886, chapter: "The agricultural college - the mineralogical-pedological institute", p. 425, https://digital.ub.tu-berlin.de/view/work/bv005759789/ 439 /
  8. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon. Volume 12, Leipzig 1908, p. 331, http://www.zeno.org/nid/20006987605
  9. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon. Volume 17, Leipzig 1909, p. 718, http://www.zeno.org/nid/20007415001
  10. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon. Volume 20, Leipzig 1909, p. 740, http://www.zeno.org/nid/20007705182
  11. ↑ See Ludewig Wittmack (Ed.): The Royal Agricultural University in Berlin. Festschrift to celebrate the company's 25th anniversary, Berlin 1906, p. 17.
  12. ↑ Relocation of the Kgl. pomological institute Proskau. In: Garden flora. 50. 1901, p. 109, https://archive.org/details/gartenflora50russ/page/108
  13. ↑ Angela Pfennig: Horticulture as a cultural task - The influence of Ferdinand Jühlke (1815-1893) on the development of garden culture in the 19th century. 2001, footnote 843, p. 189, http://edoc.sub.uni-hamburg.de/hcu/volltexte/2012/53/pdf/DissPfennig.pdf
  14. ^ Saathoff: Otto Schindler. About his appointment as head of the Saxon State School for Horticulture in Pillnitz. In: The garden world. 26th year 1922, p. 160, https://archive.org/details/diegartenwelt26berl/page/160
  15. ↑ see Horticultural Director Erbe: Once again Proskau. Its dismantling and its history. In: The garden world. Issue 37, 1924, p. 243, corresponding to p. 9 of the PDF file, http://gartentexte-digital.ub.tu-berlin.de/archiv/Gartenwelt/Jg.28/Heft_37.pdf#page=9
  16. ↑ »During his almost 30 years of office at the Königl. pomological institute in Proskau had the opportunity to plant a large number of exotic trees in the arboretum there and to observe and test their behavior in the harsh Upper Silesian climate. «Königl. Horticultural director Goeschke - Proskau: My experiences about the behavior of foreign woody plants in the harsh Upper Silesian climate. In: Communications of the German Dendrological Society. No. 12, 1903, pp. 75-80, PDF on ZOBODAT .
  17. ^ J. Hassel: Hans Felix Kammeyer. Association of former Dresden-Pillnitzer eV (2003), http://tools.dresden-pillnitzer.de/15.html
  18. ^ Emil Schubert † In: The garden world. 29th year, No. 24, June 12, 1925, p. 388 (enstpr. P. 16 of the PDF file), http://gartentexte-digital.ub.tu-berlin.de/archiv/Gartenwelt/Jg. 29 / Heft_24.pdf
  19. ↑ Forester schools. In: Brockhaus' Kleines Konversations-Lexikon. Fifth edition, Volume 1, Leipzig 1911., p. 600, http://www.zeno.org/nid/20001115316  ; s. a .: Proskau. In: Brockhaus' Kleines Konversations-Lexikon. Fifth edition, Volume 2, Leipzig 1911., p. 462, http://www.zeno.org/nid/2000146874X

swell

  • Swantje Duthweiler: The Royal Prussian Gardening School in Proskau - A building block in the history of modern garden architecture. In: The garden art . 19 (1/2007), pp. 127-142.
  • Gert Gröning: Proskau / Prószków and the rescue of the remains of the library of the former state school for fruit growing and horticulture in Proskau. In: Zandera. Vol. 30, No. 1, 2015, pp. 33-40 (8 pages), https://www.jstor.org/stable/44696329 .
  • Ludewig Wittmack (Ed.): The Royal Agricultural University in Berlin. Festschrift to celebrate the company's 25th anniversary. Berlin 1906, p. 17.