Light mountain
| Light mountain | ||
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| height | 328 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | 2 km south of Scherfede ; District of Höxter , North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains | Upper Weser Uplands | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 30 '43 " N , 9 ° 1' 57" E | |
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Leuchtberg is the name of a mountain near Scherfede in the Rimbeck district in the area of the city of Warburg , North Rhine-Westphalia . On it was a medieval small castle , the center of the small rule "light" was.
Geography and name
The 228 m high mountain rises south of the Diemel near today's Hessian border. Together with the 247 high Gaulskopf to the south, it is part of the wooded ridge of the Asseler Wald . Together with the Gaulskopf , it belongs to the natural spatial main unit group Upper Weserbergland (No. 36) and in the main unit Warburger Börde ( Diemelplatten , No. 360) to the sub-unit "Diemelbörde".
The name is possibly related to the current word " Lichtung ", formerly also " Lichte ", as it may have been in the forest on the mountain plateau in the past.
history
The mountain is located at a strategically important point where the Diemel leaves the Sauerland and enters the Warburger Börde area. It was therefore possible for him to control several long-distance routes crossing in the area. A settlement of the mountain could already be proven for the prehistoric time. In the second half of the 12th century (dated by ceramic finds) a small, fixed was Wallenburg on the mountain plateau established. It consisted of three parts: a tower hill on the mountain top, a fortified trapezoidal farm yard adjoining to the northwest and another undeveloped area in the north. The entire system had a length of approx. 100 m in north-south direction with a maximum width of 70 m. There were at least two buildings with a cellar in the courtyard, the remains of which were excavated.
In the Middle Ages, the lamp mountain was surrounded by the later abandoned towns of Alt-Rhoden , Aslen , Ramsen and Ricwardessen . In 1230 a knight Adolf von Ricwardessen was mentioned. The area was often a place of border disputes. After Castle Rhoden had been built on the southern Hagenberg under Count Adolf I von Waldeck and Schwalenberg from 1228 to 1230, most of the residents left Old Rhodes and settled near the new castle, as it was apparently better protected than the Wallburg on the Leuchtberg bot.
In 1288, the Warburg gographer Johann Gyr , who came from the Gyr patrician family in Paderborn , was involved in a document for a lamp estate . At that time it was owned by the Cistercian monastery Hardehausen . In 1307, an estate in Ricwardessen was also pledged to the Hardehausen Monastery by the still underage son of the deceased squire Hermann, Marshal von Warburg .
In 1481 Dethmar Gyr was councilor in Warburg. In 1490, his family branch had the addition " to lamp ". Apparently he and his family now owned the entire forest " Leucht " and lived there. His son Johann Geyr von Warburg zu Leuchten († 1510) was also enfeoffed with Gut Roden, which apparently came from Alt-Rhoden and was still part of the Paderborn Monastery at that time . His great-grandson Conrad Geyr zu Roden († 1598), son of Peter Geyr and Gertrud, née Drost von Vuchte , finally sold the lamp to the von Spiegel noble family .
1679 there were between the monastery and the residents of Hardehausen Rimbeck disputes before the Imperial Court in Speyer on pasture and forest use rights on light mountain in the then already desolate district of Ricwardessen.
In 1990 the area of the Leuchtberg mountain was designated as part of the “Asseler Wald” nature reserve.
In 2014, an archaeological investigation of the castle area was carried out by Rudolf Bergmann and Maja Thede on behalf of the Regional Association of Westphalia-Lippe .
Literature and other written sources
- Rudolf Bergmann, Maja Thede: The castle on the light mountain near Warburg-Rimbeck , in: Archeology in Westphalia-Lippe, (Ed.) Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe, Münster 2014, pp. 257–260
- Anton Doms: Jäger Bauern, Bürger: From Prehistory to the High Middle Ages in the Warburg urban area, in: Franz Mürmann (Ed.), Die Stadt Warburg 1036–1986, Vol. 1, Warburg 1986, pp. 353–1987
- Reichskammergericht Speyer : Trial files, map from 1679, Landesarchiv NRW, Dept. Westphalia, maps A 21700, Münster
Individual evidence
- ↑ Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( Notes )
- ↑ Rudolf Bergmann, Maja Thede 2014, pp. 257–260
- ↑ Rudolf Bergmann, Maja Thede 2014, p. 257
- ↑ Rudolf Bergmann, Maja Thede 2014, p. 257
- ↑ DWUD, deed dated February 22, 1481
- ^ Warburger Kreisblatt: General Geyr von Schweppenburg, Warburg 1941
- ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New general German nobility lexicon . Volume 3, Friedrich Voigt's Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1861, pp. 507–508. ( Digitized version ), p. 508
- ↑ Rudolf Bergmann, Maja Thede 2014, pp. 257–260