Lindenkirche (Berlin)

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Lindengarten with Lindenkirche

The Lindenkirche is a Protestant church in the Berlin district of Wilmersdorf ( Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf district , Homburger Straße 48, 14197 Berlin). It was in the years 1935-1936 by Carl Theodor Brodführer built and on May 24, 1936 inaugurated . The church and the parish hall were largely destroyed during World War II. The church, which was consecrated again on May 6, 1951, is a listed building .

history

Main gable of the Lindenkirche

At the beginning of the 19th century Wilmersdorf had 285 inhabitants. Due to the urban development, the population of Wilmersdorf grew between 1880 and 1905 from 2,911 to 63,568 people. Along the new Berlin Ringbahn , between the Friedenau-Wilmersdorf train station , which has existed since 1874 (today: Bundesplatz ) and the Schmargendorf train station that opened in 1883 (today: Heidelberger Platz ), up to five-story apartment buildings with backyards were built. A garden terrace town with elegant houses for a predominantly middle-class population was built around Rüdesheimer Platz . On October 31, 1906, Deutsch-Wilmersdorf was established as an independent town, in 1910 109,716 inhabitants lived in it.

In Wilmersdorf, after the village church of 1772 had become too small, the Auenkirche , consecrated in 1897, was available to the Protestant Christians . But this too soon became too small. First, however, the rural community of Grunewald, which had since become independent, was provided with its own church in 1904. In 1910 the Hochmeisterkirche for Halensee , a district of Deutsch-Wilmersdorf, followed. A house of worship to supply the Protestant Christians in the Rheingauviertel around Rüdesheimer Platz became more urgent than ever. Initially, however, only one community hall was built by Otto Herrnring on the then Ringbahnstrasse (today: Detmolder Strasse) at the corner of Blissestrasse in 1912 and consecrated in 1913. Services have been held here for over 50 years. The Our Father Parish, which had become independent , only got its own church, which Werner March built on this site in 1961.

During the First World War , building new churches was out of the question, not even immediately afterwards. The regional and administrative reform in 1920 led to the formation of Greater Berlin . The new 9th administrative district of Wilmersdorf was made up of the former city of Deutsch-Wilmersdorf, the rural communities of Schmargendorf and Grunewald, and the Grunewald forest . Only after the end of the inflation was a 4714 m² part of the Homburger Platz, which stretched between Binger and Johannisberger Strasse from Homburger Strasse to the Hoddick villa property, acquired by Wilmersdorfer Terrain-Rheingau AG for 50,000  marks in 1924 . Services were held outdoors under his linden trees until the church was consecrated on May 24, 1936. The church owes its name to them.

Floor plan of the building ensemble

In June 1942, all four bells were confiscated for war purposes. On the night of March 2, 1943, bombs destroyed most of the church and the rest of the building. Only the tower with its strong walls held up, the clock stopped. The parish halls were burned to the ground. Only a few rooms on the ground floor of the parish hall on Johannisberger Strasse were preserved. After the Second World War , rebuilding the church was out of the question. The Lindenkirche still had the rooms in the undamaged parish hall on Detmolder Straße. The church was not restored until later.

building

The church, which has space for around 600 visitors, is to be regarded with its simple and straightforward forms as an aftereffect of the New Objectivity . It is adapted to the neighboring residential buildings that were built before the church was built. They are also under monument protection today. The masonry is lightly plastered. The main gable has three low arched portals . There is a cross above it. The entire building complex consists of four structures :

  • The single-nave nave church, covered with a gable roof , with a retracted, rectangular choir on Binger Strasse, inside with walls painted white and wooden beam ceiling , the choir with coffered ceiling ,
  • the adjacent building at right angles with the large and small community hall and the day care center above ,
  • the parish hall with apartments in Johannesberger Straße parallel to the church as well
  • the bell tower arranged in the corner of the church and hall building .
Choir of the Lindenkirche with an Italian organ

The linden garden, which is shielded from the street by a wall, opens up towards Homburger Strasse, bounded in a horseshoe shape by the buildings. At the foot of the square tower is the chapel , which was completely redesigned in the 2000s. It is connected to the church by a wrought-iron door and is used for devotions, smaller celebrations and concerts. In September 1992 an Italian organ by the Belgian master organ builder Patrick Collon was inaugurated in the chapel .

Despite the destruction in World War II, the restored interior has not changed much compared to the original state. The ceramic altar wall , as well as the pulpit and baptismal font made of the same material by Felix Kupsch , remained undamaged, as did the tall crucifix by Ernst Gorsemann .

The small community hall as well as the apartments and community rooms on the first and second floors were rebuilt, as well as the community hall with nurses' station and apartments. The large glass painting behind the altar wall was made according to a design by Adolf Dahle in 1953. The other windows manufactured between 1958 and 1960 were made by Herrmann Kirchberger. The large community hall with daycare center and youth rooms were then built. In 1962 the reconstruction work was completed with the construction of two new rectories.

Bells

A bell from the 16th century by an unknown founder had survived the two world wars . After the loss of the other bells during the time of National Socialism poured the renowned bell foundry Otto from Hemelingen / Bremen four new bronze bells in D minor - seventh chord sounded.

Chime Casting year Foundry, casting location Mass
(kg)		 Diameter
(mm)		 inscription
d ′ 1957 Franz Otto, Bremen 1357 1382 + Lindenkirche Christmas 1957 WUNDERBAR, RAT +
f ′ 1957 Franz Otto, Bremen 926 1162 + Lindenkirche Christmas 1957 GOTT-HERO +
G' 16th century unknown 780 1070
a ′ 1957 Franz Otto, Bremen 506 0922 Lindenkirche Christmas 1957 ETERNAL FATHER +
c ′ ′ 1957 Franz Otto, Bremen 312 0775 Linden Church 1957 FRIEDE-FÜRST +

organ

In September 1965, the new organ on the gallery , which forms the center of the church music, was inaugurated. In 1993 the large organ of Werner Bosch Orgelbau was completed. The installation of a remote control, the Rückpositiv , a trestle and the conversion from a four-manual to a five-manual keyboard make this organ one of the largest organs in Berlin. Church music highlights made the Lindenkirche known far beyond the parish boundaries.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
01. Principal 08th'
02. Wooden principal 08th'
03. Transverse flute 08th'
04th Copel 08th'
05. Quintad 08th'
06th Voce Umana 08th'
07th Octave 04 ′
08th. Engl. Night horn 04 ′
09. Gamba 04 ′
10. Octave 02 ′
11. Salicet 02 ′
12. Hörnlein III
13. Scharff IV
14th musette 16 ′
15th Krummhorn 08th'
16. Brass shawming 04 ′
Tremulant
II Hauptwerk C – g 3
17th Quintad 16 ′
18th Principal 08th'
19th Gemshorn 08th'
20th Octave 04 ′
21st Capstan whistle 04 ′
22nd Fifth 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
23. Ital. Principal 02 ′
24. Cornett V 08th'
25th Grand Sesquial III
26th Large Mix IV
27. Small mix IV
28. Chip. Trumpet 16 ′
29 Chip. Trumpet 08th'
30th Trumpet 08th'
Tremulant
III Schwell-Oberwerk C – g 3
31. Drone 16 ′
32. Wooden principal 08th'
33. Pipe pommer 08th'
34. Salicional 08th'
35. Voix céleste 08th'
36. Octave 04 ′
37. Ital. Principal 04 ′
38. Pointed flute 04 ′
39. recorder 02 ′
40. Sesquialter II 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
41. Sextan II
42. Mixture IV-VI
43. Octave cymbal III
44. Trumpet harm. 08th'
45. Hautbois 08th'
46. Trumpets 04 ′
Tremulant
IV breastwork C – g 3
47. Dumped 08th'
48. Reed flute 04 ′
49. Rohrnasat 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
50. Principal 02 ′
51. third 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
52. Chamois fifth 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
53. Night horn 01'
54. Zimbel IV
55. Sordun 16 ′
56. Vox humana 08th'
Tremulant
Carillon
Zimbelstern
Birdsong
V. Choir organ C – f 3
Choral work
76. Dumped 08th'
77. Principal 04 ′
78. Flute 04 ′
79. Open flute 02 ′
80. Mixture III
81. Chip. Trp. (No. 28) 16 ′
82. shelf 16 ′
83. Chip. Trp. (No. 29) 08th'
84. shelf 08th'
Tremulant
Swell
85. Coarse 16 ′
86. Labial oboe 08th'
87. Viola di gamba 08th'
88 Unda maris 08th'
89. Pointed 04 ′
Pedal C – f 1
57. Principal 16 ′
58. Flute bass 16 ′
59. Pedestal 16 ′
60. Quintbass 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
61. Octave 08th'
62. Dumped 08th'
(Continuation)
63. Choral bass 04 ′
64. flute 04 ′
65. Flageolet 02 ′
66. Glöckleinton 01'
67. Basszink IV
68. Back set III
(Continuation)
69. Bombard 32 ′
70. trombone 16 ′
71. Chip. Trp. (No. 28) 16 ′
72. Trumpet 08th'
73. Chip. Trp. (No. 29) 08th'
74. Clairon 04 ′
75. Cornettino 02 ′
Tremulant
Carillon

literature

  • Architects and Engineers Association of Berlin: Berlin and its buildings. Part VI. Sacred buildings. Berlin 1997.
  • Günther Kühne, Elisabeth Stephani: Evangelical churches in Berlin. Berlin 1978.
  • Karl-Heinz Metzger: Churches, mosques and synagogues in Wilmersdorf. Berlin 1986.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Band Berlin. Munich / Berlin 2006.
  • Hans-Jürgen Rach: The villages in Berlin. Berlin 1990.
  • The history of the Ev. Lindenkirche Berlin-Wilmersdorf from the beginning up to the year 2000, own brochure of the parish.
  • Klaus-Dieter Wille: The bells of Berlin (West). History and inventory (=  The buildings and art monuments of Berlin. Supplement 16). Berlin 1987.
  • Gerhard Reinhold: Otto Glocken - Family and company history of the bell foundry dynasty Otto. Essen 2019. ISBN 978-3-00-063109-2 .
  • Gerhard Reinhold: Church bells - Christian world cultural heritage, illustrated using the example of the bell founder Otto, Hemelingen / Bremen. Diss. Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 2919. DNB access signature L-2019-333968.

Web links

Commons : Lindenkirche (Berlin)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gerhard Reinhold: Otto bells. Family and company history of the Otto bell foundry dynasty . Self-published, Essen 2019, ISBN 978-3-00-063109-2 , p. 588, here in particular pp. 161, 396, 398, 399, 554 .
  2. ↑ Gerhard Reinhold: Church bells - Christian world cultural heritage, illustrated using the example of the bell founder Otto, Hemelingen / Bremen . Nijmegen / NL 2019, p. 556, here in particular pp. 368/369, 510 , urn : nbn: nl: ui: 22-2066 / 204770 (dissertation at Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen).
  3. ↑ More information about the organ of the Lindenkirche

Coordinates: 52 ° 28 ′ 29.3 "  N , 13 ° 18 ′ 36"  E