List of video tape formats
This list contains most of the popular video formats and storage media with which it is possible to save and play video information.
For newer tapeless digital formats, see tapeless recording .
Surname | tape | year | Manufacturer | colour | A / D | comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quadruplex | 2 inches | 1956 | Ampex | b / w & color (from 1958) | analogous | very early format |
Octaplex | 2 inches | ??? | RCA | ??? | analogous | 2 videos at the same time |
VR8000 | 2 inches | 1961 | Ampex | without | analogous | earlier helical track recorder |
Type a | 1 inch | 1965 | Ampex | directly | analogous | |
Type B | 1 inch | 1974 | Bosch television systems GmbH | directly | analogous | |
1 inch C. | 1 inch | 1978 | RCA / Ampex / Sony | directly | analogous | |
IVC 9000 | 2 inches | 1970s | IVC | directly | analogous | |
LDL | ½ inch | 1969 | Grundig / Philips | SW | analogous | early home video system with coils |
EIAJ-1 | ½ inch | 1970 | Electronic Industries Association of Japan | SW and color | analogous | early video system with reels, for home and semi-professional use |
U-matic type E | ¾ inch U-Matic | 1971 | Sony / JVC / Panasonic (formerly Matsushita) | degraded | analogous | originally home system, later semi-professional, two cassette sizes, one hour running time, portable devices too |
VCR | ½ inch VCR | 1971 | Grundig / Philips | degraded | analogous | 65 minutes running time, portable devices also available |
VCR long play | ½ inch VCR | 1977 | Grundig / Philips | degraded | analogous | 130 minutes running time |
Beta max | ½ inch beta | 1975 | Sony | degraded | analogous | Home system, basis for all professional beta systems from Sony, in contrast to these, however, only one cassette size |
SVR Super Video Recording | ½ inch VCR | 1978 | Grundig | degraded | analogous | 300 minutes running time, cassette like VCR |
VHS | ½ inch VHS | 1976 | JVC | degraded | analogous | the most widespread home system, three hours, later five hours |
Video 2000 | ½ inch video 2000 | 1979 | Grundig / Philips | degraded | analogous | 2 × 4 hours running time, only video format with reversible cassettes |
CVC | ¼ inch | 1980 | Funai Electric / Grundig | degraded | analogous | portable, cassettes about compact cassette size |
Betacam | ½ inch beta | 1982 | Sony | Components | analogous | |
M. | ½ inch VHS | 1982 | RCA / Panasonic | Components | analogous | |
Betacam SP | ½ inch beta | 1986 | Sony | Components | analogous | |
MII | ½ inch VHS | 1986 | Panasonic | Components | analogous | |
Video 8 | 8 mm video 8 | 1983 | lots | degraded | analogous | digital sound possible |
S-VHS | ½ inch VHS | 1987 | JVC | degraded | analogous | Variation of VHS with 480 lines resolution instead of 240 |
Hi8 | 8 mm video 8 | 1990s | Sony ??? | degraded | analogous | |
D3 | ½ inch | 1991 | Panasonic | directly | digital | |
Digital Betacam | ½ inch beta | 1993 | Sony | Components | digital | |
Betacam SX | ½ inch beta | 1996 | Sony | Components | digital | MPEG2 18 Mbit / s |
D-9 Digital S. | ½ inch VHS | 1996 | JVC | Components | digital | |
DVCPro (25/50 / HD) | ½ inch DVCPro | Panasonic | Components | digital | ||
DV / DVCAM | 7 different | 1996 | Sony | Components | digital | |
MPEG-IMX / IMX tape | ½ inch beta | 2000 | Sony | Components | digital | MPEG2 50 Mbit / s |
HDCAM | ½ inch beta | 1997 | Sony | Components | digital | most popular HD tape system |
D-VHS | ½ inch VHS | 1997 | JVC | Components | digital | |
Digital 8 | 8 mm video 8 | 1999 | Sony | Components | digital | |
HDCAM-SR | ½ inch beta | 2003 | Sony | Components | digital | full HD format in MPEG4 compression |
HDV | Cassette like miniDV | 2004 | Sony / JVC | Components 4: 2: 0 | digital | MPEG-2 coded HD format with 1280 × 720 (HDV1) resp. 1440 × 1080 px (HDV2). 25 Mbit / s. |