Bullhead
| Bullhead | ||||||||||||
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Bullhead ( Cottus gobio ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Cottus gobio | ||||||||||||
| Linnaeus , 1758 |
The bullhead ( Cottus gobio ), also Kaulkopf, Rotzkopf, West Groppe, Koppe, bullhead, Dickkopf or Dolm called, is a small, also in Germany occurring freshwater fish . It was named Fish of the Year in Germany in 1989 and 2006 and in Switzerland in 2014 .
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features
The bullhead is a nocturnal demersal fish with a spindle-like body, a large, broad head (larger in males, more pointed in females), smooth, flaky skin and a receding swim bladder that is about 12 to 16 cm long. Your pelvic fins are on the chest. It is often confused with the marbled goby , but it can be differentiated by the shape of the ventral fin: while these are separate in the bullhead, as in most fish, in the marbled goby they are fused together like a suction cup.
distribution and habitat
The bullhead can be found in the trout and grayling regions of flowing waters up to heights of about 2000 m above sea level and in summer-cool lakes such as Lake Constance . It makes great demands on the water quality , requires a high concentration of oxygen , low water temperatures and is mainly found on stony ground. Because water pollution and water pollution can endanger this species of fish, the bullhead has been included in Annex II of the Habitats Directive . Since the bullhead can only swim moderately, even low thresholds are insurmountable obstacles for them.
Way of life
The bullhead is a bad swimmer. In order to save energy, it usually only moves jerkily across the ground with its pectoral fins spread. On stony ground, it is well camouflaged when at rest and hides during the day. It should be able to produce a deep muscular tone.
nutrition
The bullhead feeds on small soil animals such as insect larvae and river fleas . In contrast to information in older literature, fish eggs and larvae are not a common part of their diet. The consumption of small fish ( Moderlieschen ) is sometimes observed in the aquarium hobby .
Reproduction
As far as the spawning season is concerned, there are big differences from water to water. It usually falls between February and May. The Milchner (male) builds a pit under stones in which the Rogner (female) lays its eggs . The milkman guards the nest until the young fish hatch after four to six weeks.
See also
Web links
- Federal Agency for Nature Conservation , bfn.de: Cottus gobio Linnaeus, 1758
- Bullhead on Fishbase.org (English)
- Siegfried Blank: Bullhead. In: PisciPage / pivi.de.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Regina Petz-Glechner: The names of our fish - an etymological search for traces: 12. Koppe. (pdf, 37 kB) In: Österreichs Fischerei 58 (5/6). 2005, pp. 137-139 , accessed March 27, 2019 .
- ^ Fish from the last few years. German Fishing Association, accessed on February 26, 2018 .
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↑ Roland Seiler: New bullhead species - in Lake Thun. (pdf, 244 kB) Swiss Fisheries Association, January 2, 2014, archived from the original on January 14, 2014 ; accessed on March 27, 2019 . Roland Seiler: Annual Report 2014. (pdf, 94 kB) Swiss Fisheries Association, February 1, 2015, p. 4 , accessed on March 27, 2019 .
- ↑ Maria Aschauer, Markus Grabher, Ingrid Loacker, Christine Müller, Anja Schraivogel, Stefan Stern, Josef Wirth: Feasibility study for the protection and development of alluvial forests on Lake Constance: the mouth of the Bregenzerach. (pdf, 3.4 MB) Bodensee-Stiftung , December 22, 2009, p. 14 , archived from the original on December 20, 2015 ; accessed on March 27, 2019 .
Brook Loach (1984) | Bitterling (1985) | Schneider (1986) | European mud lamb (1987) | Brook lamprey , river lamprey (1988) | Bullhead (1989) | Brown trout (1990) | Minnow (1991) | Atlantic salmon (1992) | Cod (1993) | Nose (1994) | European eel (1995) | Sea trout (1996) | European grayling (1997) | Strömer (1998) | North Sea Bill † (1999) | Atlantic salmon (2000) | European sturgeon (2001) | Burbot (2002) | Barbel (2003) | Allis shad (2004) | Brown Trout (2005) | Bullhead (2006) | Tench (2007) | Bitterling (2008) | European eel (2009) | Crucian carp (2010) | Grayling (2011) | Lamprey (2012) | Trout (2013) | European sturgeon (2014) | Huchen (2015) | Pike (2016) | Flounder (2017) | Three-spined stickleback (2018) | Atlantic salmon (2019)
European grayling (2002) | Nose (2003) | Aland (2004) | Arctic char (2005) | Koppe (2006) | Tench (2007) | Bitterling (2008) | Eel (2009) | Crucian carp (2010) | European grayling (2011) | Huchen (2012) | Lake trout (2013) | Sterlet (2014) | Nose (2015) | Minnow (2016) | Arctic char (2017) | European catfish (2018) | Noble Cancer (2019)
