Münzkabinett Berlin

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Coin Cabinet of the State Museums in Berlin
Berlin Museum Island TV Tower.jpg
View of the museum in 2012
Data
place Am Kupfergraben / Monbijoubrücke,
10178 Berlin
( Museum Island , Bode Museum ) Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ′ 19 ″  N , 13 ° 23 ′ 41 ″  EWorld icon
Art
architect Ernst von Ihne
management
Website
ISIL DE-MUS-814819

The Münzkabinett of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin is the most extensive collection of its kind in Germany and, along with the collections in London , Paris , Vienna and St. Petersburg, is one of the largest coin cabinets in the world. Your location is the Bode Museum in the Berlin district of Mitte .

history

The foundation of the collection was laid in the Kunstkammer of the Electors of Brandenburg , whose early collecting activities date back to between 1535 and 1571. The oldest surviving inventory of the coin collection dates from 1649 and comprised around 5,000 mostly ancient coins. Early scientific work on the holdings was carried out between 1685 and 1705 by Lorenz Beger and between 1804 and 1810 by Domenico Sestini . During the wars of 1745, 1757 and 1806 the collection had to be relocated several times, each time with losses.

In the 18th century, the desire to make the collection public grew, which in the years between 1735 and 1815 led to a multiple change of sponsor between the Royal Library, the Coin, Art and Antiques Cabinet, the Academy of Sciences and the Berlin University . In 1830 the collection was given to the Royal Museum, where it was exhibited in the Altes Museum . From the 1840s onwards, the ancient coins were re-sorted and extensively examined scientifically. From 1868 the coin collection was given the status of an independent museum within the Royal Museums. In order to be able to systematically expand the collection, extensive financial means were made available until around 1918 in order to acquire several private collections from all over Europe that were for sale. In addition, there were coin finds on Prussian territory as well as numerous foundations and donations.

In 1904 the Münzkabinett was transferred to the newly built Kaiser Friedrich Museum . In the basement of the Kupfergraben wing, an almost 60-meter-long safe was built in which the historical and chronological collection could be stored. Richard Schöne had to fight for this adequate accommodation against the will of Bode , who had founded the museum on Museum Island in 1904 and succeeded him as general director in 1905.

During the Second World War , most of the collection was stored in the basement of the Pergamon Museum . During the Russian occupation, both the numismatic collection and the library were confiscated by the Red Army and transferred to the Soviet Union . A new collection was created and exhibited in the Bode Museum as early as 1954 (until 1968). In 1958 the collection returned to Berlin without any significant losses, albeit in great disorder and without the library belonging to it. From January 1959, the construction work had progressed so far that the coins could be presented to interested parties again in a study room from January. While the Münzkabinett understood its collection mainly as European until the Dressel-Menadier era, in the post-war period the technical aspects of coinage were included and the universal idea more strongly emphasized.

Only after the renovation work, which was completed in 2006, was the collection allocated four showrooms, in which it permanently presents around 5,000 coins and medals. The exhibition of ancient coins that was shown in the Pergamon Museum until the beginning of 2010 can now be seen in the Altes Museum (Blue Vault).

In contrast to most of the other collections in the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, the Münzkabinett was not separated after the Second World War.

Directors

collection

The Münzkabinett now houses a collection of more than 500,000 original objects, mostly of excellent quality. There is also a collection of more than 300,000 plaster casts of foreign objects and banknote duplicates.

Ancient coins

The Antikensammlung is one of the most extensive collections in the cabinet. It comprises around 102,000 Greek and around 50,000 Roman coins. The collection includes important world-class pieces, such as the demareteion on the victory of King Gelon of Syracuse over the Carthaginians or the unique decadrachm of Athens.

Medieval and post-medieval coins

The European medieval collection, including the Byzantine coins, of the coin cabinet up to around 1500 comprises around 66,000 coins. The post-medieval collection, which was minted around the world up to modern times, comprises around 103,000 coins. There are also around 30,000 oriental and Asian coins.

Medals

The medal collection, at the center of which is the portrait medals of the Renaissance , comprises around 32,000 medals and medal models.

Other stocks

In addition, the collection has 12,000 coins from various treasure troves that have not been separated, 95,000 pieces of banknotes (including emergency paper money) and securities, 19,000 pieces of emergency metal money, tokens, tokens, tokens, 7,000 counterfeit coins, 3,300 seals and seals, 1,000 pieces of pre-coinage forms of money, 1,000 pieces of coin weights and bars as well as around 20,000 coin tools (tees, models, stamps, etc.).

Interactive catalog

The interactive catalog of the Münzkabinett has been freely accessible on the Internet since 2007 , in which the collections are gradually recorded in a standardized manner in images and text and accessed online, since 2017, thanks to responsive web design, it has been available on various end devices and so far (early 2019) over 34,000 Includes coins and medals.

The Münzkabinett is participating in the Germany-wide research and digitization project Network of University Coin Collections in Germany (NUMiD) , which started on April 1, 2017 with BMBF funding , in which over 30 academic coin collections from German universities are working together (as of early 2019). By using the software and authority data developed in Berlin, they are enabled to present their holdings in the network at a consistently high level.

Theft 2017

On March 27, 2017, early in the morning at 3:30 a.m., a 100 kg Canadian Big Maple Leaf made of high-purity (999.99 / 1000) gold was stolen. The 53 cm diameter coin with the portrait of the British Queen and a material value of around four million US $ (as of autumn 2016) has been on permanent loan in the Münzkabinett since 2010. It had been clamped on edge and presented in a display case behind armored glass. At the time of its production by the Royal Canadian Mint in 2007, it was the second largest gold coin in the world after Guinness .

Employee

(Selection)

literature

Web links

Commons : Münzkabinett Berlin  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kluge, Bernd: Das Münzkabinett - Museum und Wissenschaftsinstitut, Münzkabinett, Berlin 2004, p. 35
  2. ^ Kluge, Bernd: Das Münzkabinett - Museum und Wissenschaftsinstitut, Münzkabinett, Berlin 2004, p. 61
  3. ↑ The demareteion on the victory of King Gelon of Syracuse over the Carthaginians and the Decadrachm of Athens in the interactive catalog of the Münzkabinett.
  4. ↑ Interactive catalog of the Münzkabinett . Münzkabinett, National Museums in Berlin. Retrieved November 29, 2019.
  5. ↑ NUMiD - Network of University Coin Collections in Germany . Joint portal of the joint project NUMiD. Retrieved November 29, 2019.
  6. ^ Bernhard Weisser: 150 Years of the Coin Cabinet. People - Coins - Medals . In: NNB . tape 2019 , no. 2 , p. 53 .
  7. ↑ 100 kilo gold coin stolen from the Berlin Museum orf.at, March 27, 2017, accessed March 27, 2017.
  8. ↑ mgibson: 10 Rarest Coins in the World are Valued at Million Dollar Steem.io, "6 months ago", accessed March 27, 2017.
  9. ↑ Münzkabinett-online
  10. ↑ The Million Dollar Coin - a true milestone in minting mint.ca, Canada 2007, accessed March 27, 2017.
  11. ↑ The One Tonne Gold Coin perthmint.com.au, Perth 2011, accessed March 27, 2017. - In 2011 the Australian Kangaroo One Tonne Gold Coin made of 1000 kg 99.99% gold was released.