Malkwitz (Wermsdorf)
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Malkwitz
Wermsdorf municipality
Coordinates: 51 ° 19 ′ 56 ″ N , 12 ° 59 ′ 27 ″ E
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| Height : | 144 m |
| Area : | 6.09 km² |
| Residents : | 486 (1946) |
| Population density : | 80 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1974 |
| Incorporated into: | Luppa |
| Postal code : | 04779 |
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Malkwitz is a 609-hectare village with a Gewannflur and today's district of the municipality Wermsdorf in the district of North Saxony in Saxony . Malkwitz is located on Bundesstraße 6 , as a neighboring town to Calbitz , between Leipzig and Dresden near the Bundesautobahn 14 .
Place name forms
- 1311 : Malkewitz
- 1350 : Malkewicz
- 1460 : Malkewitz
- 1555 : Malckwitz
Name interpretation
Comes from Mal Maly , that means little , small, originally Malkovic , that means after the syncope of the o , that is, the folk utterance inside the word, also clan of the Malek, Kleinshof. In Prussian , malks means fine -grained. The ending -witz indicates a person who could have had an important position as an elder or local lord when the town was founded, possibly a man of short stature.
history
Malkwitz formed a joint clearing complex with Deutsch- and Wendischluppa on the northeastern edge of today's Wermsdorf Forest , which was surrounded in the northern semicircle by expansive corridors of the Wurzen and Dahlener lands . Just like Luppa , Malkwitz is older than what the documents say (see article History of Luppa ). It was first mentioned in documents in 1311. In 1551 Malkwitz belonged to the manor of the manor Alt- and Neu-Köditz and to the office of Oschatz . In 1569, shortly after Easter, Malkwitz was ravaged by a large conflagration that destroyed 36 apartments and side buildings, as well as the church. In the Thirty Years War Malkwitz was almost completely depopulated. On January 2, 1828, Malkwitz founded its own school system. The school house was built in 1866. In 1974 Malkwitz was incorporated into Luppa , which brought it to Wermsdorf in 1999 . In 2004 Malkwitz won second place in the 6th Saxon state competition: Our village should become more beautiful - our village has a future .
District train station Dahlen
Around 1900 the place was divided into two districts. The station building and a post office belonged to the district of Bahnhof Dahlen, which extends to the old Hainstrasse.
Desolation
Between Malkwitz and Luppa there is a 66 hectare area, which is a desert marrow and is called the Güldene Hufe or Waldhufe . Another is located at the southern foot of the Collm as another wild wood and field mark, which belongs partly to Calbitz and partly to Malkwitz. Since 1292 the village of Athena has paid the tithe to the Sornzig nunnery and since 1395 it has also paid interest to the Oschatz Chapel of Christ. The Oschatz part was also called the slaughter because a Hussite battle took place here in 1429 or 1430 .
Development of the population
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1856 | 401 | |
| 1903 | 315 |
In 1551 there were 33 possessed men , 4 cottagers and 19 residents .
church
Malkwitz was dependent on Luppa, the church was filia of the church in Luppa . As a result of a church visit in 1559, the old branch relationship was dissolved and Malkwitz was connected to the nearby Calbitz .
Fortified church
The statement made in literature that the church is a fortified church is not correct. The properties of this system that are necessary for defensive capability are missing. It is not unusual for a cemetery to enclose a wall. The only indications for an interpretation of a fortified church are the narrow window slits on the bell tower, which are more used to illuminate the interior of the tower, or the generous window openings of the nave close to the floor have already excluded any defensibility since 1570. The slightly elevated position of the adjacent cemetery alone speaks for an earlier predecessor of an artificial Bühl , which, however, is more likely to be attributed to the uninterrupted use of the site as a burial place than to the artificial elevation of a fortification or a defensive system opposite the foreland, especially the from the south elevated position can no longer be determined to the north.
The church dispute with Calbitz
The real cause of this centuries-old dispute was that the equally large village of Malkwitz was connected from Luppa to Calbitz in 1559 only because "Luppa was a good parish even without Malkwitz and Calbitz, on the other hand, was very poor". Suddenly, 150 years later, a modern post office was built in the previously equally large Calbitz and a new church was built by the state master builder David Schatz himself. This led to envy and resentment among the two villages and to annoyance among the Malkwitzers, as 150 years ago they were just good at raising the poor Calbitzers with collections and donations. The Malkwitzers therefore complained to the pastor of Calbitz that they only had a sermon every two weeks, but had the right to weekly Sunday services in their Malkwitz church. But the Calbitzers didn't want to hear about it and pointed out that their newly built church was spacious, spacious and also easily accessible for the Malkwitzers via the Kirchenweg. If the Malkwitzers stayed away now, their new church would only be half full. The Malkwitzers stayed away from the afternoon service and the youth no longer attended catechism classes. In 1795 the dispute was decided in favor of the Malkwitzers, who in return had to repair their church on their own. Accordingly, the pastor also held a sermon every Sunday in Malkwitz from then on. But that didn't go far enough for Malkwitz. After their stage victory, they continued to demand that the pastor also preach on all days of penance and on the first holidays, as well as harvest and church dedication festivals. But the first compromise remained. It was not until the end of the 19th century that the people of Malkwitz had finally achieved their further wishes.
Building history
The church was built around 1570. In 1775 it was renovated. In 1828 the church received an organ from the master organ builder Mende from Leipzig. In 1856 the church was renovated again. In 1882 the organ was thoroughly restored by the organ builder Jehmlich . In 1898 a church heating system was installed, which was operated by a Victoria stove with a spiral system from the Jahn company from Leutsch. The foundation of the tower clock in 1900 made it necessary to build a steeple, which was added in 1901 by the builder Engst from Dahlen.
Carillon
In 1856 three new bells were cast and installed by master bell builder Jauck from Leipzig. The old metal was used for casting and the glockenspiel was tuned to a G major chord. Inscriptions of the bells :
- The big bell: come here! (Psalm 95.1)
- The middle bell: let us rejoice in the Lord! - I warn the Christians: Pray without ceasing! (Thess, 5:17)
- The little bell: And shout for the hoard of our salvation! I say to the baby: Let everyone be baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ! (Acts 2:38)
In 1917 these bells were delivered for war purposes and melted down. They were later replaced by three iron bells. Severe signs of corrosion silenced these bells. In 2007, three new bells were cast in bronze at the Lauchhammer bell foundry . The new bell mechanism:
- The big bell Oh Lord, make me an instrument of your peace ( Francis of Assisi ), diameter: 967 mm, 533 kg, tuning: A major
- The middle bell has a diameter of 765 mm, weighs 263 kg and is tuned in C major
- The small bell has a diameter of 671 millimeters, weighs 188 kg and is in E major
The three removed iron bells are now at the foot of the bell tower.
Altarpiece
The altarpiece dates from 1861, when the landowner Karl Gottfried Hänsel donated a souvenir to his deceased last son from the history painter Karl Christian Andreae from Dresden. It depicts the risen in Emmaus as the disciples recognize him when he broke the bread.
Publications
The Malkwitzer Heimatblatt is published annually.
Personalities
| Surname | Lifetime | Relationship with Malkwitz |
|---|---|---|
| Peter Coryllis | (* 1909; † 1997) | Real name: Walter Auerbach, writer, lived in Malkwitz from January 1940 to July 1941 and was the manager of the Dahlen potato flake factory |
| Siegfried Burkhardt | * 1936 | was born in Malkwitz and was chairman of the LPG Laas and member of the People's Chamber |
Volunteer firefighter
The volunteer fire brigade has been part of the Calbitz-Malkwitz syringe association since 1800. After the end of the Second World War , a women's fire fighting group had to be formed due to a lack of men. The fire brigade has had a youth fire brigade since 1995 and is part of the active community life.
societies
Shooting club
The Malkwitz military rifle club was founded in 1927. The members managed to save the traditions of the turmoil of the Second World War and the prohibitions of the former GDR into the present day. The association participates heavily in community life and is an integral part of the local customs.
Attractions
The stork's nest with a ladder house
A roof over the wall has been built directly on the cemetery wall since 1775, which protects particularly long ladders from the weather. It is therefore called a ladder house . Immediately next to it is a mast with a ladder wheel attached to it as a nesting aid for the black storks that breed annually in Malkwitz . There is evidence that the storks have been nesting in the village since 1852.
The Malkwitz legend of the faithful stork
According to popular belief, anyone who destroys a stork's nest or even kills a stork is threatened with great calamity, even imminent death. The following true story has come down from Malkwitz: Until 1873 there was a stork's nest on the thatched barn roof of a farm. In the winter of 1873/74, the owner of the homestead died, who had fed the storks for years and looked after the animals. After their return from their winter quarters, the storks did not use their old, still existing net on the barn roof again, but instead settled on the cemetery linden tree near their deceased protector.
Milk ramp with history
The history of the milk ramps began in Saxony with the delivery of the milk by the farmers to the dairies. For this purpose, collection points were set up in the village, and Malkwitz also got five such collection points. The first collection points were on the ground floor and then had to be converted into elevated ramps due to the transport with wagons. The farmers transported their milk in 20 or 10 liter milk cans to these ramps and put the completed milk card in a box. Each jug was given two numbers, that of the place and that of the yard. Every day 30 farms from Malkwitz brought their milk to the collection points, which was then delivered to the dairy in Dahlen in a team and table wagon . The Michrampe, which has been restored today, stands on the border of three farms and should already be demolished because the municipality wanted to build a bus stop here. But then the planners encountered strong resistance from the residents. With the preservation of the Michrampe, a piece of rural history was preserved for posterity.
Village fountain
Malkwitz was only connected to the central drinking water supply in 1961. On the initiative of the people of Malwitz, one of the old wooden wells was restored in 2000 and a new pump was installed in it. Today a central waterworks supplies the entire municipality of Wermsdorf with spring water from Malkwitz .
regional customs
The Malkwitz picture celebration
A traveling photographer came to Malkwitz on February 22nd, 1904, and stopped by the Zur Krone restaurant, which was built between 1800 and 1850 . The pictures, which have been taken every five years since 1979 and on which women are expressly undesirable, represent a social reflection of the development of the village up to the present day.
literature
- Paul Holzberger, Ramona Grosch, Festival Committee: Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the picture celebration. Self-published, Malkwitz, February 22, 2004.
- Sylvia Däbritz, Karin Mildner, Christiane Zieger: 700 years of Malkwitz. 1311-2011. Self-published, Malkwitz, 2011.
Web links
- Malkwitz (Wermsdorf) in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ( Link ) Website of Traditionspflege Malkwitz e. V., information on the history of the place, Günter Grosch, Wermsdorf, accessed on April 9, 2011.
- ( Link ) Website of the municipality of Wermsdorf, information on the history of the place, Lutz Abitzsch, Wermsdorf, accessed on April 9, 2011.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Susanne Baudisch: Local nobility in north-west Saxony. Settlement and rulership structures from the late 11th to the 14th centuries. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne, 1999, ISBN 3-412-02599-2 , p. 169, ( online ), accessed on March 22, 2011.
- ↑ a b c d e Georg Buchwald: New Saxon Church Gallery. Ephorie Oschatz. The Calbitz Parish. Arwed Strauch, Leipzig, 1901, p. 112 ff.
- ↑ Anett Hänsel: Malkwitz men's group meets once a year to exchange experiences. Picture celebration with a view of school. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, February 26, 2007, p. 15.
- ↑ a b c d e website of the Malkwitz shooting club, information on the history of the site, Günter Grosch, Wermsdorf, ( Link ) accessed on April 11, 2011.
- ^ Wilhelm Wachsmuth and Karl von Weber : Archives for the Saxon history. Bernhard Tauchnitz, Leipzig, 1863, pages 63 and 78, ( online ), accessed on April 8, 2010.
- ↑ no information: Scientific supplement to the Leipziger Zeitung. Born in 1866. Teubner, Leipzig, 1856, p. 560, ( online ), accessed on April 8, 2011.
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke, Susanne Baudisch: Historical local directory of Saxony: A - M, half volume 1. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig, 2006, ISBN 3-937209-15-8 , p. 458, ( online ), accessed on April 9, 2011.
- ^ Günter Grosch: Birth of the three bells for the Malkwitz church in Lauchhammer. A - C and E in bronze. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, April 17, 2007, p. 19.
- ^ Wilhelm Bortenschlager : Between silence and noise - man. Life and work of Peter Coryllis. Bläschke-Verlag, Darmstadt, 1979, p. 22.
- ^ Website of the Malkwitz shooting club, information about the club, ( Link ) accessed on April 11, 2011.
- ↑ Meeting reports and treatises of the Natural Science Society Isis in Dresden Gesellschaft Isis, Dresden, 1914, page 66, (PDF; 447 MB), ( online ; PDF; 468 MB) accessed on April 11, 2011.
- ↑ P. H: Milk Festival in Malkwitz. Historic milk ramp gave rise to a banquet table. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, September 29, 1997, p. 8.
- ↑ Christian Kunze: 106. Bildfeier: Men maintain tradition and look back on local businesses. There is always movement in Malkwitz. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, February 22, 2010, p. 15.
