Mahlis

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Mahlis
Wermsdorf municipality
Coordinates: 51 ° 15 ′ 45 ″  N , 12 ° 58 ′ 9 ″  E
Height : 162 m
Incorporation : March 1, 1994
Postal code : 04779
map
Map of Mahlis
Mahlis, aerial photo (2017)

Mahlis is a 406 hectare alley village with block and striped corridors and today's district of the municipality of Wermsdorf in the district of North Saxony in Saxony . Mahlis is located between Leipzig and Dresden near the federal motorway 14 .

Center of Mahlis on April 2nd, 2011. The half-timbered house on the left is the Gasthaus Laubental, in front of it is the Abratzky stone
View from Windmühlenberg to Mahlis on August 12, 1976

Place name forms

  • 1198 : Cunradus et Rudolfus de Mals
  • 1282 : Mal
  • 1350 : malt
  • 1424 : Malis

Natural location and geology

Mahlis is naturally located in the North Saxon plateau and hill country , also known as the Grimma-Wurzen porphyry hill country . In the brickworks 1 km north of Mahlis on the S 38 state road, which was already being dismantled before 1880, the significant and so far only known occurrence of pre -glacial loess, i.e. loess deposited before the first inland ice advance of the Elster Glaciation, was found in the 1970s and examined more closely. The 10 m thick loess series comprises larger parts of the Cromer complex . According to the palynological findings, the basal clay mud was deposited under a cold-age climate and it contains the carpological remains of a rich flora . The Bruhnes-Matuyama reversal has been demonstrated in the basal layers and the loess series , which is divided by fossil soils, is covered by ground moraine . While the loess layers were deposited in cold ages, the characteristics of the three embedded paleo soils speak for a warm period climate.

history

On November 13, 1198, Cunradus et Rudolfus de Mals were named as witnesses. In 1378 Mahlis belonged to the castrum Grimma . The manorial rule of Mahli was in 1590 Amtsdorf. In connection with Mutzschen and Wermsdorf , Dietrich von Starschedel’s son , Innocenz von Starschedel, sold the Mahlis manor to Elector August in 1565 . During the Thirty Years' War the Swedes held a field camp between Mahlis and Gröppendorf in 1637 , plundered the village and prepared an attack on Mügeln , but were routed by imperial troops and Mügeln vigilantes. With the nationalization of the Kammergut in 1762 and the construction of the beet railway , Mahlis developed into one of the largest agricultural centers in the region. On April 28, 1945, American troops reached the community of Mahlis. On May 5, 1945, the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) took power. On August 2, 1946, 215 displaced persons came mainly from Silesia . With the law on the incorporation of the former manor districts of December 31, 1948, a 3.5 hectare parcel of land from the Hubertusburg-Wermsdorf manor forest was incorporated into Mahlis. In 1952 the LPG Friedrich Engels was founded with 118 ha and 16 members. In 1951 the hall of the Gasthof Laubental was confiscated for the storage of grain.

The Mahlis peasant strikes

As early as July 6, 1948, the Mahlis municipal council rebelled against the higher delivery standards for herbal products issued on the basis of SMAD order 48. He justified the rejection with the high drought in the previous year and increased cattle deliveries. The additional deliveries endangered the will of the farmers to raise cattle considerably. The comparison made by the Stalinist authorities with Wermsdorf is unrealistic, because the Mahlisers know the soil conditions of their Wermsdorf neighbors very well; the soil in Mahlis is different from that in Wermsdorf. The visibly unjust disposition represents a particular hardship for the farmers. The councilors even said heretically that the disposition arose at the green table. On July 21, 1951, the employees of the Schlegel farm wrote to the Oschatz district council's registration department:

“As employees of the Schlegel company, Mahlis, we apply for meat and butter cards with the following reason: The company owner Schlegel is not allowed to slaughter because the meat and milk requirements are not met on time. The seven-strong workforce is unable to cope with the heavy harvesting work without meat and butter. We apply for B cards. If this request is not granted, then the harvesting work is at risk. If it is not possible to give us these cards, we will be forced to stop work. "

The letter was signed by the mayor, the FDGB , the BGL and the VdgB . In 1953 the rebellious farms, including those of Schlegel, were forcibly expropriated .

GDR time

On July 20, 1957, Wadewitz was incorporated. In 1960 there were two LPG type I in Mahlis, and soon thereafter the place no longer had any free farmers; Mahlis became a fully cooperative . On May 1, 1960, the Stalinists even held a celebration about it . In 1954 the LPG Mahlis and Gröppendorf merged. On July 1, 1973, Gröppendorf, which had been parish of Mahlis since 1529, was incorporated into Mahlis. That was the last increase in area of ​​the former independent municipality.

present

On March 1, 1994 Mahlis was incorporated into Wermsdorf. Mahlis' last mayor Bernd-Dieter Lehmann was the future mayor of the new municipality of Wermsdorf .

Development of the population

year Residents source
1548 53
1834 652
1871 763
1890 732
1925 754
1939 665
1964 721
1975 913

church

The church in Mahlis

Already in 1348 there are indications in the documents that there must have been a parish church in Mahlis. From 1460 the Mahlis manor owners had patronage rights. On April 17, 1539, the first Protestant service was celebrated in Mahlis. The construction of the church that is visible today began in 1777 and was completed in 1778. On June 10, 1827, lightning struck the church and caused considerable damage to the tower. During the renovation work in 2002, a wooden cartouche with coins from between 1697, 1896, 1938 and 1969 was found in the church ball. There were also letters from the years 1828, 1868 and 1969, as well as a Trabant car brochure with the handwriting on it: Price 8,000 marks .

Building description

The church is a rectangular room closed to the east with five sides of an octagon. Galleries on the west side and on the sides leave a large sanctuary free. An octagonal tower with a hood and lantern from 1896 rises above the ridge.

Altar and pulpit

The altar and pulpit are made of wood. The altar wall is framed by two Corinthian columns. On the cornice there is a large sun and putti lying on clouds. The pulpit console rests on clouds in which there is a cross, a chalice and the tablets of the law .

Baptismal font

The baptismal font is shaped like a vase on a rock, is 98 cm high and has a 34 cm high lid. It is dated to 1777.

organ

The rococo prospectus comes from the Reformed Church in Dresden.

Wooden waiting hall at the former Mahlis train station
Former granary of the BHG Mügeln

traffic

On September 27, 1888, beet transports begin on the narrow-gauge Mügeln – Mahlis line. The route that ran through Mahlis was popularly known as the Mügeln- (Mahlis) -Mutzschen-Milan route ” . The Mahlis train station was located at the former 7.91 km, whose wooden waiting hall can now be viewed in its reconstructed state. The former grain store of BHG Mügeln, which is now inhabited, had a branch track with an additional siding. Train crossings took place here regularly. Rail operations were stopped on September 30, 1972. Mahlis is connected with a PlusBus line by the Heideland omnibus transport company .

Publications

In September 1991 the first issue of the Mahlis village courier appeared. The publisher was the then mayor Bernd-Dieter Lehmann.

economy

Baking bowl production

The Ernst Birnbaum company has been making bread molds and proofing baskets since 1843. While the first molds were made of straw, wicker and paper mache were used later . After the division of Germany , the company no longer received the imported rattan cane it needed for production and therefore made the molds from wood pulp from softwood. In 1948 the company had four employees. On May 2nd, 1977, Jörg Birnbaum took over the business of making bread baking bowls and pigeon nests from his father Fritz Birnbaum in the fifth generation. The company owns several patents and utility models.

Brick factory

In 1963 there was a brickworks in Mahlis, which was mentioned as early as 1724. After the end of the Second World War, new clay and clay pits were opened in Mahlis and Gröppendorf . The clay was particularly suitable for making fireclay, the clay for building bricks. On July 15, 1966, there was a coal dust explosion in the brick factory.

Special educational institution

The St. Martin workshop from Wermsdorf as part of the private institute for education and advice in Sornzig maintains a special educational facility in Mahlis in the form of an assembly and landscape maintenance group and a laundry.

Memorial stone for Sebastian Abratzky
Sebastian Abratzky

Personalities

Surname Lifetime Relationship with Mahlis
Sebastian Abratzky (* 1830; † 1897) chimney sweeper

Volunteer firefighter

The volunteer fire brigade, consisting of 27 men, was founded in 1910.

societies

Local and traditional association

The home and tradition association was founded on December 17, 1991.

Attractions

Abratzky stone

On May 1, 1998 in the town square of the municipality a rock block of quartz porphyry with a ton of weight from the quarry Wermsdorf , provided with a commemorative plaque to the ascent of King stone by Sebastian Abratzky on March 19, 1848 inaugurated.

Manor house of the Mahliser Kammergut on April 2, 2011

Manor Mahlis

Until 1460 the estate belonged to the Margraves of Meißen. In 1460 a Christoph von Heiynitz is mentioned as the owner. 1533 Dietrich von Starschedel is the owner of Mahlis. His son sells it to father August. In 1607 the Landjägermeister Sebastian von Berbisdorf , Georg von Berbisdorf and Hans Caspar von Berbisdorf received the manor as a fief from the Saxon Elector Christian II . Lieutenant Georg Abraham von Scharoth acquired the manor in 1711 and built the manor house that is visible today in 1716. In 1722 the house was bought by Christoph Heinrich von Felgenhauer. His widow sold the estate to the Elector of Saxony in 1762. The state chamber estate Mahlis then became one of the largest farms in the region. In 1834 the chamber property was dissolved. Until the expropriation of the last private owner of the remaining manor house owner Fritz Schlegel, the estate comprised 74 hectares of arable land and three hectares of meadows. There were eight horses, 23 cows and eight pigs in his stables. A distillery was attached to the estate. Until the fall of the Berlin Wall, the manor was used by the LPG Type III Friedrich Engels . After that, it should already be demolished. On the basis of the second property law, the last owner, the Schlegel community of heirs, received their stolen property back and sold it to the current owner, the architect Horst Baltzer from Bayreuth.

Brick pond

The pond, designated as a biotope, is reminiscent of the time when brickworks were made in Mahlis and is a spawning site for common toads and other amphibians. In 1998 it was placed under nature protection as an area natural monument.

Dollnitz

The community has lived with the floods of the Döllnitz since it was settled. Today's modern flood protection has been guaranteed since 1981 by the 80 hectare upstream Döllnitzsee dam. Canoe trips are organized from Mahlis to Oschatz. For more information about the Döllnitz see the article Döllnitz (river) .

Trivia

The rascal castle of Mahlis

Around 1830 an organized band of thieves terrorized Mahlis and the surrounding area. The house in which the gang had their meetings was still called Halunkenburg at the beginning of the 20th century .

literature

  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Mahlis. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 28th booklet: Oschatz Official Authority (Part II) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1905, p. 177.

Web links

Commons : Mahlis  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Landscape profile . [1]
  2. ↑ Topographic map. [2]
  3. ^ Roland Fuhrmann: The stratigraphic position of the loess in central and west Saxony. In: Journal of Geological Sciences. Volume 4 Issue 9. Berlin 1976. pp. 1241-1270. [3]
  4. ↑ Roland Fuhrmann, Wolf-Dieter Heinrich, Dieter Hans Mai, Friedrich Wiegangk: Investigations on the pre-Cold Age loess from Mahlis (Leipzig district). In: Journal of Geological Sciences. Volume 5 Issue 6. Berlin 1977. pp. 717-743. [4]
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i not specified: The story of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 1). First mentioned in 1198. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, 23 November 1998, page 2.
  6. ↑ a b c d e District Office North Saxony, Office for Economic Development, Agriculture and Tourism: Gröppendorf. Tourismusportal Nordsachsen, website, status: 2000, ( online ( memento of the original from February 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ), accessed March 31, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tourismus-nordsachsen.de
  7. ↑ Werner Breitenborn: The 800-year history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 5). The men's choir had 40 members. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, January 12, 1999, page 14.
  8. ↑ Werner Breitenborn: The history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 4). Nine residents had a car after the end of the war - including six looted wagons. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, January 5, 1999, page 14.
  9. ↑ a b Werner Breitenborn: The 800 year history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 7). Mayor asked for a purchase order for lightbulbs. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, January 26, 1999, page 13.
  10. ↑ Werner Breitenborn: The 800-year history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 12). The inn served as a grain store. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, March 9, 1999, page 16.
  11. ^ Werner Breitenborn: The 800-year history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 8). In 1948 the village had 914 inhabitants. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, February 9, 1999, page 16.
  12. ↑ Werner Breitenborn: The 800-year history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 11). Snow flurries in March. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, March 2, 1999, page 16.
  13. ↑ a b Werner Breitenborn: The 800 year history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 13). Historic watermill stopped working. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, March 16, 1999, page 16.
  14. ↑ a b Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1st, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
  15. ↑ Werner Breitenborn: The 800-year history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 15). Village festival in the Laubental. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, April 13, 1999, page 16.
  16. ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1999
  17. ↑ a b Werner Breitenborn: The 800 year history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 21 / conclusion). September '91: First village courier appears. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, July 20, 1999, page 16.
  18. ↑ a b Werner Breitenborn: The history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 2). During the Weimar Republic. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, December 7, 1998, page 2.
  19. ↑ a b Werner Breitenborn: The history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 3). The village in the time of National Socialism. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, December 21, 1998, page 62.
  20. ↑ a b Werner Breitenborn: From the 800-year history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 19). There were two craft businesses in 1975. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, June 8, 1999, page 16.
  21. ↑ a b Sibylle Melzer: Mahlis. Information about the location on the website of the Heimat und Traditionsverein, status: 2011, ( online ), accessed on April 1, 2010.
  22. ↑ a b Werner Breitenborn: Continued from page 2. The Mahliser story. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, 23 November 1998, page 3.
  23. ↑ a b Werner Breitenborn: The 800-year history of Mahlis in facts and figures (part 18). The milk jug provided information about top performance. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, May 25, 1999, page 15.
  24. ^ Hagen Rösner: Mahlis ball contained letters, newspapers and coins. Treasures recovered from lofty heights. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, May 28, 2002, page 16.
  25. ↑ a b c Cornelius Gurlitt: Mahlis. in Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. Meinhold & Sons, Dresden, 1905, p. 177.
  26. ^ Ludger Kenning: Narrow gauge railways around Mügeln and Wilsdruff. Kenning Verlag, Nordhorn, 2000, ISBN 3-933613-29-9 , p. 59.
  27. ↑ a b Gottfried Meier: Mahliser celebrities. The baking bowls. , Der Rundblick, Wurzen, 1967, p. 128 in Manfred Müller: That was the Rundblick. Home between Collm and Mulde. Sax - Verlag, Beucha, 2009, ISBN 978-3-86729-054-8 , page: 164.
  28. ^ Jörg Birnbaum: Company history. Internet presence of the company Ernst Birnbaum Inh. Jörg Birnbaum, status: not specified, ( online ( memento from August 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive )), accessed on November 16, 2016.
  29. ^ Werner Breitenborn: Local history hike from 1925 through the Döllnitz valley . Mahliser clay is used for fireclay bricks. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, November 6, 2001, page 16.
  30. ↑ Iris Schönbrodt: Special Educational Institution. Internet presence of the IfBB, Private Institute for Education and Consulting eV, branch in the Sornzig Monastery, no information, ( online  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and remove it then this note. ), accessed on March 30, 2011.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.to-sozial.de  
  31. ↑ Frank Hörügel: Memorial stone for daring Sebastian Abratzky inaugurated: Mahliser defeated Königstein Fortress 150 years ago. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, May 4, 1998.
  32. ↑ Heinz Großnick: Architect Horst Balzer gives the former Mahlis manor a future again. The historical character is preserved. The former manor in Mahlis has a future again. The historic property, which was built as a mansion in 1098, was threatened with demolition during the GDR era. Leipziger Volkszeitung, Oschatzer Allgemeine, Oschatz, June 28, 2000.
  33. ↑ Lutz Abitzsch: Mahlis. Information on the location on the website of the municipality of Wermsdorf , status: 2010, ( online ), accessed on April 1, 2010.