Maria Josepha of Saxony (1867–1944)
Maria Josepha Luise Philippine Elisabeth Pia Angelika Margarete Princess of Saxony, Archduchess of Austria (born May 31, 1867 in Dresden , † May 28, 1944 in Wildenwart Castle , Chiemgau ) was the mother of the last Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary, Karl I.
Life
Maria Josepha was a daughter of the future King George I of Saxony and the Infanta Maria Anna of Portugal (1843-1884) .
At the age of 19, she married Archduke Otto Franz Joseph of Austria on October 2, 1886 in Dresden , a son of Emperor brother Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria and Maria Annunziata of Naples-Sicily . In 1887 she gave birth to her first son, later monarch Karl I , Austria's last emperor. In 1895 their second son Maximilian Eugen was born.
1906–1920 was today's Schweizergarten in Vienna, then a new complex, named after her as Maria-Josepha-Park.
After her husband Otto died in 1906 at the age of 41, she remained alone until the end of her life. After the death of heir to the throne Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo in 1914, Maria Josepha's son Karl was heir to the throne and succeeded the emperor in November 1916 with Franz Joseph's death.
During the First World War , Maria Josepha cared for war wounded in her Palais Augarten , where she had set up a hospital.
In November 1918, her son Karl I had to renounce his office in German Austria and Hungary . In March 1919 Maria Josepha accompanied her son and Empress Zita into exile in Switzerland. In Austria, she did not issue a waiver , as was required of Habsburgs who wanted to stay in Austria from April 1919. On April 1, 1922, Karl died in Madeira; his mother was unable to attend his funeral there on April 5, 1922.
Maria Josepha came to live in Bavaria. She died on May 28, 1944 at the age of 76 at Wildenwart Castle in Bavaria. Although the National Socialist regime rejected the Habsburgs, she could be buried in the Vienna Imperial Crypt, the traditional burial place of the Habsburg family in Vienna.
progeny
- Charles I (1887–1922), Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary 1916–1918
- Maximilian Eugen (1895–1952), Archduke until 1919
ancestors
Honors
- Maria Josepha Tower on the Totenstein near Chemnitz
literature
- Maria Josefa , in: Brigitte Hamann (Ed.): Die Habsburger , 1988, p. 324.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Robert Seydel: The affair of the Habsburgs. Ueberreute, Vienna 2005, pp. 142–144.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Maria Josepha of Saxony |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Maria Josepha Luise Philippine Elisabeth Pia Angelika Margarete Princess of Saxony |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Princess of Saxony, Archduchess, mother of Emperor Karl I of Austria |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 31, 1867 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Dresden |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 28, 1944 |
| Place of death | Wildenwart Castle , Chiemgau |