Marx parakeet from Wolkenstein

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Marx Parakeet von Wolkenstein (* May 11, 1563, probably at Trostburg , today Waidbruck ; † between October 12 and November 2, 1619, probably at Rafenstein Castle , today in Bozen ) was a nobleman from the House of Wolkenstein-Trostburg . He is considered the first chronicler in South Tyrol .

Life

Marx parakeet was the seventeenth child of the Tyrolean governor Wilhelm II. Freiherr von Wolkenstein († 1577) and his second wife Benigna von Annenberg. He seems to have had a noble upbringing in the traditional form as a squire ; In contrast to his older brother Engelhard Dietrich or his contemporary relatives from the Wolkenstein-Rodenegg line , however, he did not enjoy any humanistic or even academic training. After the death of his father, he first joined the entourage of Cardinal Andreas of Austria on his journey to Italy. From 1579 he traveled to Spain and the Netherlands at his own expense and finally got into Spanish military service. In 1588 he returned to Tyrol and led the life of a country gentleman. In 1599 he acquired Rafenstein Castle, which from then on became his main residence.

From around 1600 he began to write his "Chronicle" description of the Tyrol region (with an emphasis on today's South Tyrol ). In contrast to Matthias Burglechner's similar work , which was commissioned by the sovereign, the description of the country sprang from Wolkenstein's own drive. As a motive, he himself leads both ethical ( “neglect gives birth to vice, so I should have made sure to counter this vice-neglect with an honorable and commendable exercise” ) as well as private-patriotic ( “I (I) have submitted to my fatherland , (to) describe the highly laudable county of Tyrol [...] so to which praise and will may serve “ ) reasons. Another reason for dealing with the history of the country may have been the many right-hand trades in which Marx Parakeet von Wolkenstein was involved, and in which historical acquisitions were repeatedly used to justify legal positions. Also important are detailed personal information about the Tyrolean monasteries, whose lists of abbots and provosts - often in a very condensed form - are provided by Selva in the 13th book of his records.

The country description comprised the following handwritten volumes, only partially preserved (the content descriptions of the lost volumes have been indexed):

  • 1st book: General description of the region of Tyrol (a copy from the 18th century preserved)
  • 2nd book: the legendary German kings, partly in Bavaria, from Tuisco to "Bernpeint", "Cotz, Diet and Creitschier" (lost)
  • 3rd book: Submission by or battle with the Romans, up to the 5th century with King Günther "auß Düringen", Dietrich and St. Severin (missing)
  • 4th book: History of Bavaria up to the middle of the 8th century (preserved as a copy)
  • 5th book: the Carolingians (lost)
  • 6th book: the House of Saxony, the Guelphs, up to Tyrol's loan to the Andechser (lost)
  • 7th book: the Andechs-Meranians (lost)
  • 8th book: the Counts of Tyrol and their Andechs legacy (lost)
  • 9th book: the counts of Gorizia (lost)
  • 10th book: the Habsburgs (lost)
  • 11th book: the Hochstift Trento
  • 12th book: the Brixen monastery
  • 13th book: Description of the monasteries in Tyrol
  • 14th book: Description of the regional courts of the County of Tyrol at the Welschen Konfinen, in the Etsch, Eisack and Pustertal valleys

Works

  • Otto Stolz , Hans Kramer u. a. (Ed.): Marx parakeet von Wolkenstein. Description of the region of South Tyrol, written around 1600. Edited for the first time from the manuscripts by a working group of Innsbruck historians [Festgabe on Hermann Wopfner's sixtieth year] (= Schlernschriften. Publications on regional studies of South Tyrol. Volume 34). Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 1936, OCLC 162774458 ( digitized version ).

family

Marcus Sittich was first married in 1589 to Anna Maria Countess Trautson († March 17, 1602), children were Anna Maria (1595-1617), married to Georg Wilhelm von Arz and Marcus Oswald (1592-1636), who with Anna Maria Khuen of Belasy continued the line. On April 16, 1603 he married Countess Victoria Arco , widow of Hieronymus von Lodron , with whom he married Wilhelm Pius, married Anna von Firmian , and Maria Anna, who had married Ferdinand Freiherr von Schneeberg .

(see also Stammliste der Wolkenstein )

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ In older literature, the year of death is assumed to be 1620, Hans Karmer names a document dated September 22, 1620 as the term ante quem , in which he is named as deceased (Hans Kramer: Das Leben des Marx Sittich von Wolkenstein. In: Landesbeschreibung von Südtirol . 1936, p. 6). Juliana Jaider, on the other hand, was able to determine that, according to the court registry records, he was still alive on October 12, 1619, but already in a letter from the Upper Austrian. Chamber of November 2 of the same year, the customs officials on the Töll are instructed to pay Alimony to Wolkenstein's widow Margareta. Juliana Jaider: Marx parakeet from Wolkenstein and the "Tyrolean Chronicle". 1987, p. 148 f., Cf. also: Stefan Benz: Marx parakeet from Wolkenstein's 'Landeschronik' of Tyrol. 2009, p. 297.
  2. ↑ a b Otto Stolz, Hans Kramer u. a. (Ed.): Marx parakeet von Wolkenstein. Description of the region of South Tyrol, written around 1600 . Wagner, Innsbruck 1936, p. 33 ( digitized version ).
  3. ^ Stefan Benz: Marx parakeet from Wolkenstein's 'Landeschronik' of Tyrol. 2009, p. 297 f.
  4. ↑ Hannes Obermair , Martin Bitschnau: The traditional notes of the Augustinian canons of St. Michael ad Etsch (San Michele all'Adige): Preliminary work for the “Tiroler Urkundenbuch” (=  communications from the Institute for Austrian Historical Research . No. No. 105 ). 1997, ISSN  0073-8484 , p. 263–329 , here p. 318 , doi : 10.7767 / miog.1997.105.jg.263 .
personal data
SURNAME Wolkenstein, Marx parakeet from
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wolkenstein, Marcus Parakeet von; Wolkenstein-Trostburg, Marcus Sittich von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Tyrolean nobleman and chronicler
DATE OF BIRTH May 11, 1563
PLACE OF BIRTH uncertain: Trostburg , today Waidbruck
DATE OF DEATH between October 12, 1619 and November 2, 1619
Place of death uncertain: Rafenstein Castle , today Bozen