Trostburg (Waidbruck)

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Trostburg
West view of Trostburg, on the right "Römerturm" (chalk tower), underneath "Pfaffenturm" with "Michaelstor" and barracks

West view of Trostburg, on the right "Römerturm" (chalk tower), underneath "Pfaffenturm" with "Michaelstor" and barracks

Alternative name (s): Castel Forte
Creation time : around 1173
Castle type : Höhenburg, hillside location
Conservation status: Receive
Standing position : Ministeriale
Construction: Corner cuboid, humpback cuboid
Place: Waidbruck
Geographical location 46 ° 35 '42.9 "  N , 11 ° 32' 2.8"  E Coordinates: 46 ° 35 '42.9 "  N , 11 ° 32' 2.8"  E
Height: 627  m above sea level A.
Trostburg (South Tyrol)
Trostburg

The Trostburg (originally Trostberg ) is a valley hillside castle in natural terrain on an eastern slope above the South Tyrolean village of Waidbruck , which was called Sublavio in Roman times .

history

View of the castle in a lithograph by P. Dewint 1819

Here, where the ridge of Castelrotto slopes steeply towards the mouth of the Grödner Bach in the Eisack , was the seat of a Cunrat de Trosperch (Trostberg) mentioned in 1173 , who came from the Lords of Castelrotto. The seat then passed to the lords of Velthurns (1243–1290), ministerials of the bishops of Brixen , and as a princely Tyrolean fiefdom to the lords of Villanders . From 1385 to 1967 the former ministerial castle served the lords, barons and counts of Wolkenstein-Trostburg as their aristocratic residence. These exercised the lower jurisdiction from here, namely over a Burgfriedensiertel Trostburg, from which the community Waidbruck emerged. They also temporarily administered the Villanders court from the Trostburg. From the 17th century onwards, the Trostburg was only inhabited by the Counts of Selva in the summer months. Although the family tried hard to maintain the castle, the decay could not be stopped in the 20th century. In 1967 six members of the South Tyrolean Burgenverein founded a society on a private initiative to save the Trostburg from falling into ruin. Their shares were transferred to the voluntary association in 1981, since then the Trostburg has been the official seat of the South Tyrolean Castle Institute , and since 2005 also the South Tyrolean Castle Museum.

description

A small courtyard is hidden behind the downhill mountain Fried (1230). It is powered by a Romanesque three-storey and in the 17th century to another floor elevated Palas enclosed and a building up in the Gothic construction on older masonry residential wing. Between the end of the 15th and the beginning of the 17th century, bastions and upstream fortifications were added, some of which were expanded for residential purposes in the 18th century. An extensive outer bailey (Michaelstor) is separated by a wide moat. A so-called chalk tower (signal and watchtower for crayen fire ) is located on the higher rock outcrop . The last significant renovations were initiated between 1594 and 1632 by the future Count Engelhard Dietrich zu Wolkenstein (1565–1647); then the created with stucco Joseph Proys embodied ancestral hall . Significant restoration and conservation measures on the building structure led, among other things, to the demolition of a south-facing floor in the Gothic hall around 1880. From 1967 to 1977 the most necessary security and repair work (e.g. roofing of the ruins, repair of the war damage of September 8, 1943, etc.) was carried out. This was followed between 2000 and 2007 by conservation work on the castle facades and the re-covering of the entire roof area of ​​the habitable parts of the castle with historical plain tiles, some of which went back to the time of Nikolaus Cusanus (15th century). In 2008/09 the interiors of the 1st floor of the Gothic west palace built under Baron Hans zu Wolkenstein (lord of the castle from 1491 to 1517) were restored and a large wall painting with hunting motifs and a cooking scene was uncovered in one of the rooms, which should be dated to 1514.

Function as a museum

The well-preserved castle complex can be visited as a South Tyrolean castle museum with guided tours. The permanent exhibition “Castles - Buildings of History” provides a good overview of the history of castles, with 86 true-to-scale models of South Tyrolean castles made by Ludwig Mitterdorfer (1885–1963) illustrating the content. From a cultural-historical point of view, the importance of the castle lies in the seat of the Lords of Selva, so the Trostburg is also the home of the late medieval poet composer Oswald von Wolkenstein (1377–1445) and the first Tyrolean chronicler Marx Sittich von Wolkenstein (1563–1619). Inside the castle, valuable evidence of history has been preserved, such as three Roman consecration stones (around 180 AD), a Gothic room vaulted with a triple barrel (before 1407), a 5 × 15 m Renaissance hall with figurative representations of the owners in Plaster of paris and a richly carved coffered ceiling with heraldic decoration (1607–1618), a loggia painted with coat of arms and one of the largest historical wine presses in the country (11 m long press tree). From a castle-historical point of view, the chapel, iron-studded gates (one with a manhole ), the wooden portcullis , which have probably been preserved in their original form , and window loopholes from the 17th century are also popular in terms of castle history. and storm stakes installed at that time are worth mentioning. Apart from designated natural monuments in the vicinity of the Trostburg, a sandarac tree ( Tetraclinis articulata ) brought here in the early modern times is striking in the kennel garden. Due to the "unadulterated character of the Trostburg" filmmakers chose the Trostburg as the main motif for the movie "Princess" (the fairy tale of a princess who absolutely wanted to appear in a fairy tale).

literature

  • Alexander von Hohenbühel: Trostburg. For use, for joy and for honor (=  castles . Band 3 ). Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-7954-2161-8 .
  • Hans-Christoph Hohenbühel: The Trostburg. Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 1989.
  • Josef Weingartner : The Trostburg . In: Der Schlern , 1922, pp. 1–6. (on-line)
  • Adelheid Zallinger: Trostburg . In: Oswald Trapp (Ed.): Tiroler Burgenbuch. IV. Volume: Eisacktal . Athesia publishing house, Bozen 1977, pp. 258-324.

Web links

Commons : Trostburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. J. v. Hormayr, Ueber Oswald von Wolkenstein and his sex (with a family tree ) , in: Taschenbuch für die Vaterländische Geschichte, 34./16. Year, Berlin 1845. p. 154 digitized ; J. Weingartner, Die Trostburg , Der Schlern, 1922, p. 2