Rosenstein Castle (Merano)

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The 1860 lithograph “Rosenstein Castle near Meran” by the Munich lithographer Alois Flad (1812–1890). The smaller square tower on the left side of the picture has not yet been released again by raising the floor and having its own roof. Striking: the crenellated gatehouse
Rosenstein Castle (picture postcard, before 1918). Both towers free.
The residence along Schennastraße
View from Vergilstrasse to the residence with the two towers
Connection and connection construction with pinnacle gable in the northeast

The Rosenstein Castle (formerly also called Rosenberg or Wenterschlößl after other owners) is actually a noble residence or residence in the Merano district of Obermais in what is now South Tyrol in Italy . The residence has been a listed building since 1951 . As it was owned by the Habsburgs around 1900, it can also be seen as a castle .

location

The seat stands in a V-shape at an acute angle to the corner of Vergilstrasse - Schennastrasse ; both streets meet at Brunnenplatz ( Piazza Fontana ), the center of Obermais. The residence and location are located on the sloping mud cone of the Naifbach, east of the Passer , whose riverbed widens from the narrow Passeier to the Adige Valley . The residence is only about 120 meters southwest below the Rottenstein residence , with which it was united as one property several times in history. Around the Brunnenplatz there are almost a dozen former castles , palaces or other mansions in the immediate vicinity (see the list of castles, palaces and mansions in South Tyrol ).

history

The Rosenstein complex is said to have been built or rebuilt around 1600 by Gregor von Rolandin . The Lords of Rolandin ( von Dambel or di Ambel , d'Ambel also Rolandin de Ambl in Rosenstain ) were a nobleman , either from the woodlands or from the high plateau of the Nonsberg (village of Dambel ) or from the Non Valley, known as noble since 1431 19th century immigrated noble family . 1508 owned by Precelaro Castle ( Castel Placeri ) in Rumo , they later moved to the Burgrave's Office . The portrait of Gregor von Rolandins, a life-size half-length portrait , dated Aetatis suae 38. Anno D. 1602 , was still hanging in the antechamber of the first floor at the end of the 19th century. Gregory was an archducal councilor in 1613. The coat of arms of the Rolandins was originally a black lion divided into gold and red, later quartered (fields 1 and 4) after the renewed ennoblement on July 30, 1600 with the addition of Rosenstein two quarters (fields 2 and 3) with three 2: 1 split roses over a double R.

Her successors in the property were von Rosenberg . In 1613 an Eckard was named , in 1640 a Kaspar and in 1667 Karl Max von Rosenberg . After 1724, the Rolandin, namely Johann Anton von Rolandin (who headed the occupation of the Wormserjoch in 1703 ), came into possession again. On January 16, 1811, the male line died out.

At a later date, the Wenter family from Merano came into possession of the property under Joseph Anton Wenter , which is why the name “ Wenterschlößl ” came up in the vernacular . The residence underwent a further redesign in the 19th century. Guest rooms have already been set up.

The descendants of Joseph Anton Wenter sold the residence to Franz Pfurtscheller from Vulpmes in 1854 . Five years later the court came as a wedding gift to the German-British Countess and wealthy merchant's daughter Lucy Sophia Stenbock , née Frerichs. Her son, Stanislaus Eric Graf Stenbock (1860–1895), who later became a Swedish-Baltic-British writer of fantastic literature, was born in 1860 at Thirlestaine Hall in Cheltenham , a property of his maternal grandfather. The Countess had to file for bankruptcy in 1862, one year after the death of her husband, Count des Borges and Baron de Torba Erich Friedrich Dietrich Magnus Stenbock (1834–1861), who was only 27 years old , so that the Rosenstein mansion, along with fields and meadows and grounds , had to file for bankruptcy for 14,000 guilders and Rottenstein for 34,000 guilders on February 28, 1862.

At the auction, Peter von Sölder bought the residence with all its accessories. When he died just two years later, his family sold the Rosenstein estate in 1864 to the Hereditary Duke Karl Ludwig of Austria , who reunited it with the Rottenstein residence. From 1911, when he left the line of succession because of the marriage of the middle-class Berta Czuber , his son Ferdinand Karl of Austria lived under the real name Ferdinand Berg on the inherited estates of Rosenstein and Rottenstein.

His widow inherited the two estates and sold them to Princes Ulrich and Georg von Liechtenstein in 1951 , the property is still owned by this family today.

description

Two rectangular buildings with a half-hip roof were combined in a V-shape to the south and south-west. At the south-western end there is a four-storey square tower with a pyramid roof that is now connected , leading south to a now defunct gatehouse with four battlements in the castle wall that used to surround the residence . The gatehouse and wall are depicted on a lithograph with clay plate from 1860 by the Munich lithographer Alois Flad . The lithography also proves the multiple renovations up to the present day. To the west of today's Vergilstrasse , a smaller, more slender square tower was built, which over the centuries was partly integrated into the building and partly free-standing. To the north-west of the building on Schennastraße there is another building with a gable roof , connected via a reduced central building , the west and east sides of which have a battlemented gable . At the north-west corner, two other smaller square towers with their own pyramid roofs were integrated into this building, but they did not extend beyond the roof ridge.

In the description for the auction in 1862, the seat and its accessories were described as follows:

  • In Rosenstein Castle, two floors up, then in a completely new barn and stable for 24 head of cattle, in a new horse stable including a feeder's apartment
  • of arable Upper Striegel 1,205 fathoms large and the field Bottom Striegl with 800 fathoms
  • the meadow Räutl with 150 and a garden of 300 and a garden of 84 fathoms
  • an oak and beech forest of 3638 fathoms
  • another meadow of 4632 fathoms, covered with mud trees
  • Complaints and burdens from half a farm in the municipality of Obermais including the right to purchase water with an obligation to contribute to the village well.

In the literature

Rudolf Greinz's novel The Tower of Silence is set in and around Merano and the Rosenstein residence.

literature

  • Thomas Bitterli-Waldvogel, Peter Kaiser, Andrin Rudolf: South Tyrolean castle map. South Tyrolean Castle Institute (publisher), Bozen 1995
  • Bernhard (von) Mazegger: Chronicle of Mais, its noble seats, castles and churches. Verlag F. Pleticha, Obermais-Meran 1905, p. 239 f.
  • Cölestin Stampfer : Palaces and castles in Merano and environs. Verlag Wagner, Innsbruck 1909, p. 131 f.

Web links

Commons : Rosenstein Castle (South Tyrol)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
  • Entry for the Rosenstein residence in the private database "Alle Burgen".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Cölestin Stampfer: Palaces and castles in Meran and surroundings. P. 131 f.
  2. ↑ a b Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
  3. ↑ a b c d e yearbook of the KK Heraldic Society "Adler". New episode, first volume. Self-published, Vienna 1891, p. 122 f.
  4. ↑ a b c d e Bernhard von Mazegger: Chronicle of corn, its noble seats, castles and churches. P. 239 f.
  5. ↑ Johann Jakob Staffler : Tyrol and Vorarlberg, topographically, with historical remarks. Volume II, Innsbruck 1846, p. 649 f.
  6. ↑ Eugen von Hartwig: Letters from and about Tyrol written in the years 1843 to 1845: a contribution to the detailed characteristics of this Alpine country in general and the Merano region in particular. Travel Guide. Duncker & Humblot Publishing House, Berlin 1846, p. 62.
  7. ↑ Michael Siefener: Eric Count Stenbock. In: Frank Rainer Scheck, Erik Hauser (Ed.): When I was dead. Dark fantasy of the British decadence. (= Masterpieces of dark fantasy. 3). Volume 1, Blitz Verlag, Windeck 2008, ISBN 978-3-95719-903-4 . P. 170 ff.
  8. ^ Newspaper Tirolerimmen in the section "Excerpt from the Bozener Zeitung" of January 30, 1862, digitized p. 142 ; accessed on July 3, 2018.
  9. ^ Brigitte Hamann : The Habsburgs: A biographical lexicon. Verlag Amalthea Signum, 2001, ISBN 3-85002-445-8 . without page indication
  10. ↑ Walter Egger, Elias Prieth: Höfe in Mais. Volume 2, ed. Heimatpflegeverein Untermais and Obermais , 2017, p. 154 ff.
  11. ↑ Alois Flad (1812–1890) worked as a lithographer in Munich. His works from Munich, Unterwittelsbach and Hohenschwangau are only partially preserved today.
  12. ↑ Lithograph with clay plate by Alois Flad, around 1860, size 20 x 27 cm, titled "Rosenstein Castle near Meran"
  13. ↑ Bolzano newspaper . No. 17, February 8, 1862 under Officials : Auction Edict No. 2125 ; accessed on July 3, 2018.

Coordinates: 46 ° 40 ′ 11.3 "  N , 11 ° 10 ′ 27.8"  E