Max Jüttner

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Max Jüttner as a witness at the Nuremberg trials

Max Paul Wilhelm Werner Jüttner (born January 11, 1888 in Saalfeld / Saale , † August 14, 1963 in Munich ) was a German officer and paramilitary activist. Jüttner served from 1934 to 1945 as deputy chief of staff of the Sturmabteilung (SA) and as head of the main leadership office of the Supreme SA Leadership (OSAF), most recently with the rank of SA Obergruppenführer . He was a member of parliament in the era of National Socialism .

Life and activity

Youth and military career

After attending the secondary school in Saalfeld, which he graduated from high school in 1906, he joined the 2nd Thuringian Field Artillery Regiment 55 in Naumburg in March 1906 . On August 18, 1907 he was promoted to lieutenant in this .

From August 1, 1914 until the end of the war, Jüttner took part in the First World War. During the war he was used as an adjutant of the field artillery regiment No. 55 and from 1916 as a general staff officer. During the war he was promoted to lieutenant (October 1914) and captain (January 1916) and wounded several times. At the end of the war he was a general staff officer in the 119th Infantry Division.

Weimar Republic

Jüttner studied law from 1919 to 1920. At the same time, from 1919 he was the leader of a volunteer corps with which he placed himself under the command of Major General Georg Ludwig Rudolf Maercker in the Merseburg administrative district. Because of his membership in the Freikorps, his admission to the Reichswehr is said to have been rejected; According to other sources, he led a temporary volunteer association in 1920, before retiring from army service in the same year with the rank of captain. In civil life, Jüttner worked as a miner in central German mining from August 1920. He later became a department head at the German Brown Coal Industry Association in Halle (Saale) until November 1933.

Jüttner joined the Stahlhelm on August 14, 1919; on January 30, 1923 he became leader of the steel helmet in the Gau Halle / Saale . From 1920 he was a member of the DNVP . In January 1923 he joined the NSDAP , of which he was a member until the NSDAP was banned as a result of the Hitler putsch . Meanwhile, he retained his membership in the DNVP and the Stahlhelm. As a candidate for the steel helmet, he was a member of the provincial parliament of the province of Saxony from 1926 to 1929 . According to his own statements, which he made in the context of a memorandum that he prepared for the Nuremberg Trials , he was no longer a member of any party until 1933 after his membership in the NSDAP ended. He claims to have voted for the DNVP in municipal and provincial elections, and for the NSDAP in regional and Reichstag elections.

Nazi era

After the National Socialists came to power in the spring of 1933, Jüttner was appointed regional leader of the steel helmet for Central Germany in April 1933 . In July 1933 Jüttner either joined the NSDAP for the first time or again. His entry date was backdated to May 1, 1933, the day on which the membership ban of the NSDAP came into effect. From November 1933 Jüttner was a member of the Reichstag for constituency 11 (Merseburg), which was insignificant during the Nazi era .

Also in November 1933, Jüttner moved from the Stahlhelm to the Sturmabteilung (SA), in which he received the rank of SA brigade leader. He was temporarily charged with taking on the business of a "Wehrstahlhelmführer" before he switched to the Supreme SA Leadership (OSAF) ​​as a full-time SA leader in December 1933, where he took over the management of the "Training and Organization" department. His management duties also included the organization of the SA marches at the Nazi party rallies . Shortly after the so-called Röhm putsch , in which part of the SA leadership was murdered, Jüttner was promoted to head of the leadership office in July 1934. Promoted to SA-Obergruppenführer in November 1937, Jüttner was a liaison to the Sudeten German Freikorps in 1938 during the Sudeten crisis . He also held the position of Deputy Chief of Staff of the SA from 1939. After Viktor Lutze's death , he temporarily took over his post as Chief of Staff of the SA in early May 1943, until he was replaced in this position by Wilhelm Schepmann in early August 1943 .

In the final phase of the Second World War, Jüttner worked in a leading role in building the Volkssturm from November 1944 . In April 1945 he took over the leadership of a combat group of the Volkssturm in Munich.

After the end of the war

A few days after the end of the Second World War, Jüttner was taken prisoner of war by the Americans on May 11, 1945 in the Oberhaushammer hut near Schliersee . He had disbanded his Volkssturm combat group about a week earlier. In the following years he was held as a prisoner in the US Army in the camps Bad Aibling , Neu-Ulm, Heilbronn , Ludwigsburg , Camp 74, Seckenheim and Kornwestheim Camp 75.

As the highest-ranking functionary of the SA who was in the hands of the Allies at the time - the last chief of staff of the SA, Wilhelm Schepmann , had gone into hiding at the end of the war and was still missing in 1946 - Jüttner took part in the Nuremberg trial of the main war criminals . Between August 13 and 16, 1946, he testified as a defense witness in favor of the SA. In addition to twenty-two individuals and the SS, the High Command of the Wehrmacht and the Reich Government (as well as some sub-organizations), this was one of the persons or organizations against whom the trial was held on suspicion of being a criminal organization. Apart from the Reiter-SS, the SA was the only accused organization that was not classified by the judges as a criminal organization within the meaning of the London Statute of 1945.

After his release from internment, Jüttner worked again as an employee in the mining industry; In 1957 he worked as a sales representative and lived in Munich-Solln . In May 1957, Jüttner was also heard as a witness in the trial of Sepp Dietrich , who was involved in the murders during the "Röhm Putsch". According to Jüttner's statements, Ernst Röhm had often made derogatory comments about leading National Socialists and sought to eliminate the “inferior environment of Hitler”. He also reported on Röhm's discussions with foreign military attachés, in which Röhm had outlined his plans to set up a militia.

family

Max Jüttner was the son of factory owner August Jüttner († 1905) and his wife Anna, née Franke († 1931). His younger brother was Hans Jüttner . In 1913 Jüttner married Erna, née Nies. The marriage resulted in two daughters and a son. The son died on January 21, 1943 during the Battle of Stalingrad . His sons-in-law Walther Rohde (born October 18, 1906 in Loitz; † August 10, 1941 near Salla, Karelia) and Georg Wiedemann (born June 5, 1908 in Isny; last seen on November 9, 1944 as a prisoner of war in Golubowka) also died in the Second World War.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Max Jüttner in the database of the members of the Reichstag.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Max Jüttner in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely accessible).
  3. ^ Lilla: extras in uniform. 2004, p. 285.
  4. ↑ a b c d Hermann Weiß (Ed.): Biographical Lexicon for the Third Reich. Frankfurt am Main 1998, p. 249.
  5. ↑ Bruce Campbell: The SA Generals and the Rise of Nazism. University Press of Kentucky, Lexington 2004, pp. 139-141.
  6. ↑ IfZ ZS 251/1, pp. 11: leadership, tasks and activities of the SA and the Nuremberg Trials. Memorandum from SA Obergruppenführer Max Jüttner, permanent deputy to the SA Chief of Staff , p. 10.
  7. ^ Date of joining Lilla: extras in uniform. 2004, p. 285. According to the information in Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich. 2007, p. 291, joined the NSDAP in 1934.
  8. ^ Lilla: extras in uniform. 2004, p. 286.
  9. ^ Minutes of the meeting on August 13, 1946 at Zeno.org .
personal data
SURNAME Jüttner, Max
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jüttner, Max Paul Wilhelm Werner
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (NSDAP), MdR, deputy chief of staff of the SA
DATE OF BIRTH January 11, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Saalfeld / Saale
DATE OF DEATH August 14, 1963
Place of death near Munich