Max Schleisner

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Max Schleisner (also: Max Schleissner ; born November 10, 1885 in Hanover ; † July 18, 1943 in the Theresienstadt concentration camp ) was a German lawyer and notary , officer and victim of the Holocaust .

Life

Max Schleisner was born during the founding years of the German Empire as the son of Isaak Schleisner, a businessman from Linden who came from a Jewish family . After graduating from the former Lindener Empress Auguste-Viktoria school he studied from 1904 jurisprudence at the Philipps University in Marburg , at the Humboldt University in Berlin and at the Georg-August University in Göttingen . In 1910 he received his doctorate there. Title of the dissertation: "The acquisition of own shares by the stock corporation".

1913 Schleisner allowed to practice in the then independent industrial city down Linden and served in the First World War, first as a noncommissioned officer , with the rank of sergeant , and later as an officer.

At the beginning of the Weimar Republic Schleisner married Gerda, born on July 14, 1919 in Eschwege . Weinstein (born January 9, 1895 in Eschwege; † December 31, 1945 in Auschwitz concentration camp, pronounced dead in 1952). From 1920 he was active on the board of the Jewish community in Hanover, u. a. as their honorary legal advisor .

In 1921 Schleisner was appointed a notary. In 1930 he was an elected member of the 6th Prussian State Association of Jewish Congregations, which met in the former Prussian mansion in Berlin on March 30th and 31st of that year. At that time the family was in Sophienstr. 1a resident.

Letter addressed by Joseph Berliner to Schleisner, the stamp of which advertises the Stahlhelm Day in Hanover in 1933
The half-timbered house , built around 1620, at Kniehauerstraße 61 (left) became one of the “ Jewish houses ” inspected by Schleisner ;
Photo from 1898, picture archive Historisches Museum Hannover

After the seizure of power by the Nazis Max Schleisner took in response to the forced by the state anti-Semitism for the relief organization of German Jews , the duties of a consultant for emigrants.

Schleisner's notary's office was withdrawn in 1935, but the former World War II participant was spared the professional ban until 1938 .

After the death of Joseph Berliner in 1938, Max Schleisner took over the duties of the head of the Jewish community in Hanover. In addition, he tried - together with his employees - to look after and help the Jews of Hanover who had not yet emigrated to other countries . But like the lawyer Arthur Kaufmann and the community secretary Samuel Herskovits, he has since been under special observation and surveillance by the Hanover Gestapo .

After the likewise in 1938 by the Hanoverian SS carried out looting , desecration and attacks as part of the so-called " Kristallnacht " and during the Second World War in 1941 by the NSDAP - Gauleiter Hartmann Lauterbacher arranged ghettoization of Jews by the action Lauterbacher inspected Max Schleisner as chairman of the Jewish community some of the transitional ghettos in Hanover planned as so-called “ Jewish houses ”, including the small half-timbered house, built around 1620, at Kniehauerstr. 61. He wrote about the unbearable living conditions there in a report dated September 6, 1941 to the Berlin Reich Association of Jews in Germany (RVJD):

"[...] bugs, rats. Toilets impossible from a hygienic point of view. 4 people and a child in a room only 15 square meters. A severely paralyzed man among the workforce. "

The deportations of Hanoverian Jews to the extermination camps carried out from the "Jewish houses" ultimately meant the failure of Schleisner's efforts.

As early as 1936/73, the son Justus Joseph and the daughter Karla were able to travel to the USA on a Kindertransport. Max Schleisner himself, the wife Gerda and the daughter Eva were deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto on March 17, 1943, from where the wife and daughter were deported to the Auschwitz extermination camp and murdered, while Schleisner himself died in Theresienstadt.

Commemoration

Since 1994, the names and fates of the family have been engraved on a plaque on the memorial for the murdered Jews of Hanover at the opera house .

See also

Archival material

  • Group picture ( photography ) from the 6th Prussian State Association of Jewish Communities in the former Prussian mansion in Berlin, 30./31. April 1930

literature

  • Ernst Gottfried Lowenthal: Probability in the downfall. A memorial book. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1965, p. 151 f.
  • Ernst Gottfried Lowenthal: Jews in Prussia. Biographical directory. A representative cross-section . Berlin, Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz, 1981, ISBN 3-496-01012-6 , p. 201.
  • Joseph Walk (ed.): Short biographies on the history of the Jews 1918–1945. Edited by the Leo Baeck Institute, Jerusalem. Saur, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-598-10477-4 , p. 330.
  • Hans Joachim Brand: The past today. Historical personalities from the Celle Bar Association . 2., through and exp. Aufl. Rechtsanwaltskammer, Celle 2004, ISBN 3-00-007147-4 , pp. 192-193.

Web links

Commons : Max Schleisner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Peter Schulze : Schleisner, Max. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , p. 316.
  2. ↑ See the inscription of Joseph Berliner to “Herr Dr. jur. Max Schleissner “typewritten envelope.
  3. ^ Klaus Mlynek : Linden . In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein u. a. (Ed.): Stadtlexikon Hannover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 406 ff.
  4. ^ Karl Kollmann , York-Egbert König : Weinstein, Cappel . In: Nicolas-Petrol-Foundation (Ed.) Names and fates of the Jewish victims of National Socialism from Eschwege. A memorial book . Lulu Enterprises, Raleigh, North Carolina, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4709-7182-3 , pp. 239 f.
  5. ↑ Peter Schulze: Synagogues . In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein u. a. (Ed.): Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 614.
  6. ^ A b Max P. Birnbaum: State and Synagogue. 1918-1938. A history of the Prussian regional association of Jewish communities (series of scientific treatises of the Leo-Baeck-Institut , volume 38). Mohr, Tübingen, 1981, ISBN 978-3-16-743772-8 and ISBN 3-16-743772-3 , pp. 95, 148.
  7. ^ Prussian regional association of Jewish communities . In: Jewish address book for Greater Berlin , 1931, p. 32.
  8. ↑ Peter Schulze: The Deportation from Hanover on December 15, 1941 . In: Wolfgang Scheffler and Diana Schulle (arrangement): Book of memory. The German, Austrian and Czechoslovak Jews deported to the Baltic States . Volume 1. ed. from the Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge e. V. KG Saur Verl., Munich 2003, ISBN 3-598-11618-7 , p. 771.
  9. ↑ Peter Schulze: Reichskristallnacht . In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein u. a. (Ed.): Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 520.
  10. ^ Peter Schulze: Action Lauterbacher . In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein u. a. (Ed.): Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 17.
  11. ↑ "Judenhaus", on the site of the Stadtjugendring Hannover e. V., Working Group on Remembrance Work, last accessed on March 1, 2019
personal data
SURNAME Schleisner, Max
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schleissner, Max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer and notary, officer and victim of the Holocaust
DATE OF BIRTH November 10, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanover
DATE OF DEATH July 18, 1943
Place of death Theresienstadt concentration camp