Michaelskirche (Wieseck)

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Church from the southwest
South side of the tower

The Protestant Michaelskirche in Wieseck , a district of Gießen in the district of Gießen in Central Hesse , dates back to the 13th century. The church with its choir tower , which is crowned by a three-tier hooded helmet, characterizes the townscape and is a Hessian cultural monument .

history

An independent church in Wieseck is mentioned in a deed of donation in 778, when the Irish-Scottish abbot Beatus von Honau transferred it to his monastery in Honau . It was one of his seven churches in the Upper Hesse region , which were part of a chain of monasteries. In a copy from the year 1079 it says: " Et etiam ecclesiam in lognann in curte nuncupata Wisicha ... " (And also the church in Lahngau in the courtyard of Wisicha is called ...). As early as 900, the Wieseck church was no longer owned by Honau. Presumably the patronage right passed to the mother church in Grossen-Linden , which exercised it until 1585.

In the high Middle Ages, Wieseck belonged to the diocese of Mainz . From the 12th century the parish was assigned to the deanery of Wetzlar and the archdeaconate of St. Lubentius Dietkirchen in the diocese of Trier and sent to Grossen-Linden. For the first time a pleban named Henricus is recorded for the year 1265 . Wieseck was possibly raised to an independent parish in the 13th century, but probably not until the first half of the 14th century.

On the site of the old (wooden) church, a stone church with a square east tower was built in the 13th century. The altar was dedicated to Saints Valentinus , Barbara , Dorothea and Katharina . Archangel Michael became the patron saint of the church .

To enlarge the nave, the south wall was moved further outwards in 1493. A late Romanesque portal was integrated into the wall, presumably the old main portal. In the course of this, the triumphal arch in the choir was enlarged, as indicated by the remains of a combatant on the northern arch pillar. In addition, the choir vault was drawn in and the late Gothic tracery windows and the sacrament niche were created.

During the Reformation , Wieseck switched to the evangelical creed. The first Protestant pastor was Gerhard Steuper (Verginius) von Hachenburg, who worked here from 1531 to 1545.

The baroque tower dome was built after the great fire of 1646. In 1873/74 an interior renovation took place after a lightning strike in 1867 damaged the church and the tower. The north-west gallery was extended by a south pore and new furnishings were purchased (altar, pulpit and stalls).

When a new organ was installed in the west gallery in 1900, the choir gallery was removed. The east window was exposed again and the four windows in the nave were raised by 80 cm. During the interior renovation in 1925, the old paintings were exposed. Another renovation of the interior took place in 1973/74, during which late medieval paintings were discovered in the northern nave.

architecture

West portal

The east-facing church is built from quarry stone on a small elevation, the "Herrenberg", in the old town center. The nave in the west was originally the same width as the tower. Today the north wall is still in line with the tower. The ship is built on a rectangular plan and is supported by a steep pitched roof completed. The two long sides are divided by two ogival windows each. In the pointed arches of the tracery there are three pass and five pass on the north side, quatrefoil and fish bladders on the south side . The pointed arches, which were later raised, have garments made of lung stone . On the south side, the two windows in the lower part have red sandstone walls. An eight-part rose window from the 19th century is located above the slightly ogival, late-Gothic west portal with bars in sandstone walls . In the north side there is a small, lofty, pointed arched window with lungstone walls from the 13th century. The late Romanesque portal with a dew bar in gray sandstone walls, which was later inserted into the recessed south wall as a spoil , is walled up.

The mighty choir tower in the east, on a square floor plan, is made of quarry stone. It can be entered through a rectangular portal on the south side made of red sandstone. In the lower area there are three large ogival tracery windows on the free sides, of which only the east window has a lungstone wall from the 14th century, while the other two date from the end of the 15th century. In the upper area of ​​the tower shaft, the small, domed, pointed arcades on the three free sides in a pointed arch panel from the 13th century indicate the original function as a bell cage. The heavily bevelled walls of the windows and panels are made partly of lung stone, partly of red sandstone that was used later. The tower is closed by a three-tier, slated hood. Two octagonal storeys taper above the cube-shaped basement, crowned by a tower knob, a cross and a weathercock.

Furnishing

Interior to the east

The interior has a simple design and is closed off by a flat ceiling.

The choir is raised by two steps opposite the nave and is closed off by a cross vault with grooved pear ribs. They rest on corner services with capitals decorated with foliage. The walls are painted with paintings from the end of the 15th century. Red lines imitate cuboids, some of which are provided with floral ornaments, storks, rosettes and marbling. The paintings on the choir arch date from 1769 and were renewed and supplemented in 1973/74. Painted cuboids and columns are depicted, and tendrils above the basket arch. In the north side there is a sacrament niche with a late Gothic frame with a leaf frieze and crowning battlements. In 1974, the Robert Münch workshop designed the eastern choir window with motifs of the Archangel Michael based on a design by the artist Heinz Hindorf .

A coffered gallery running around three sides is built into the nave. The altar, neo-Gothic pulpit and stalls were created in 1873/74. On the south wall next to the walled-up portal there is a holy water basin with small battlements from the late Gothic period. A tombstone of Pastor Johann Balthasar Steinberger from 1713 is placed in the church, the tablet of which is surrounded by acanthus tendrils; above two putti hold a crown.

organ

Organ from 1963

There is evidence of an organ only in 1862 , when repairs were agreed with Johann Georg Förster . Förster repaired the plant again in 1867 after it was damaged by lightning. The instrument of an unknown organ builder had nine stops on a manual and pedal. In 1873 the organ was moved from the “Burschenbühne” in the choir to the west gallery. It was replaced in 1900 by a new work by Förster, which had 14 stops on two manuals and pedal and a pneumatic action . Today's organ on the west gallery was created by Förster & Nicolaus Orgelbau in 1963. The prospectus is divided into seven pipe fields. The work has 14 registers, which are divided between two manuals and a pedal, and a total of 680 pipes. In 1998 the sesquialtera was added to the second manual by a Krummhorn 8 ′. The disposition is as follows:

I Manual C-g 3
Dumped 8th'
Quintadena 8th'
Principal 4 ′
recorder 2 ′
Mixture III-IV 2 ′
II Manual C-g 3
Reed flute 8th'
Dumped 4 ′
Principal 2 ′
Sifflet 1'
Krummhorn 8th'
Pedal C – f 1
Sub-bass 16 ′
Octave bass 8th'
Gemshorn 4 ′
bassoon 16 ′

Bells

The church has a four-bell ring. The tone combination of the four bells is called the "ideal quartet". The oldest bell dates from 1680. In 1734 a second bell with a diameter of 90 cm was cast, which was melted down during the First World War . It was replaced in 1924 by a new bell with a diameter of 72 cm and a weight of 234 kg. After this was melted down in World War II , the community bought a new bell to replace it in 1957. A bell from 1690 by Dilman Schmid was probably cast in 1817. It also had to be delivered in World War II, but was brought back from a storage site in Hamburg in 1948. In 1924, Wieseckers who emigrated to the USA donated the "Luther Bell". It was lost in World War II and was replaced in 1959.

No.
 		 year
 		 Diameter
(mm)		 Mass
(kg)		 Percussive
( HT - 1 / 16 )		 inscription
 		 image
 
1 1959 1,031 e 1 Our God is a strong castle Psalm 46 verse 2
Donated by Wieseckern
in America after the 1st World War, melted down
again in the 2nd World War, poured again in 1959, a call to peace.		 Evangelical Church Wieseck 33.JPG
2 1957 582.5 g 1 “ Joh. 14.27 I give you my peace.
Be of good cheer Joh. 16.53
To the fallen of the community of Gießen-Wieseck "		 Evangelical Church Wieseck 30.JPG
3 1680 950 a 1 " Johann Balthasar Steinberger pastor ecclesiae Wissexensis. beati qui audiunt vocem domini et eam sequuntur. gos mich Johannes Schirnbein in Marburg in 1680. pulsu ego disruptum nimio iam rursus in usum en populi longum nobile fundor opus. ad verbi auditum sacri iuvenesque et senesque tempore consueto voce sonante vocans. " Evangelical Church Wieseck 31.JPG
4th 1817 700 240 c 2 Evangelical Church Wieseck 32.JPG

Parish

The parish has belonged to the dean's office in Gießen in the provost of Upper Hesse ( Evangelical Church in Hesse and Nassau in the EKD ) since 2001 . It has about 4500 members who are looked after by two parishioners.

literature

  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I: Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 967 f.
  • Wilhelm Diehl : Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt. ( Hassia sacra ; 5). Self-published, Darmstadt 1931, p. 275 f.
  • Erwin Knauss: Between the church and the gate. 775-1975. 1200 years of Wieseck. Universitäts-Stadt Gießen, Gießen-Wieseck 1975, pp. 61–83.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Karlheinz Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. University town of Giessen. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Verlagsgesellschaft Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig, Wiesbaden 1993, ISBN 3-528-06246-0 , p. 606 f.
  • Heinrich Walbe : The art monuments of the Gießen district. Vol. 1. Northern part. Hessisches Denkmalarchiv, Darmstadt 1938, pp. 361–365.
  • Peter Weyrauch : The churches of the old district of Giessen. Mittelhessische Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Gießen 1979, p. 192 f.
  • 1200 years of the church in Wieseck. Gießener Allgemeine Zeitung, Gießen 1978.

Web links

Commons : Evangelische Kirche Wieseck  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 1993, p. 607.
  2. ^ Heinz P. Probst: Early village churches in Hessen. A contribution to the formation and archeology of medieval small churches. In: Communications of the Upper Hessian History Association. N. F. Volume 89, 2004, pp. 213-260, here: 241-243.
  3. ↑ Knauss: Between Church and Gate. 1975, p. 62.
  4. ↑ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Kirchstrasse 21 In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse .
  5. ↑ Knauss: Between Church and Gate. 1975, p. 67.
  6. ↑ Wieseck. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on April 18, 2020 .
  7. ^ Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hessian-Nassau area. (= Writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16 ). NG Elwert, Marburg 1937, ND 1984, p. 207.
  8. ^ Weyrauch: The churches of the old district Gießen. 1979, p. 192.
  9. ↑ Knauss: Between Church and Gate. 1975, p. 66.
  10. ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1931, p. 275.
  11. ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1931, p. 276.
  12. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1938, p. 363.
  13. ^ Dehio, Cremer: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 968.
  14. ↑ 1200 years of the church in Wieseck. 1978, p. 8.
  15. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1938, p. 365.
  16. ^ Franz Bösken , Hermann Fischer : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.2 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 2: M-Z . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1331-5 , p. 967-969 .
  17. ^ Organ in Wieseck , accessed on April 18, 2020.
  18. ↑ Robert Schäfer: Hessian bell inscriptions (PDF file; 37.7 MB), in: Archives for Hessian history and antiquity. 15, 1884, pp. 475-544, here: p. 533.
  19. ↑ 1200 years of the church in Wieseck. 1978, pp. 9-10.
  20. ^ Parishes in the dean's office in Giessen

Coordinates: 50 ° 36 '17.9 "  N , 8 ° 42' 32.4"  E