Evangelical Church in Großen-Linden
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The Evangelical Church in the Großen-Linden district of the Hessian city of Linden is a Romanesque hall church from the 10th or 11th century. She received in the 12./13. Century their cruciform shape. The important Romanesque figure portal was built around 1230, the cycle of pictures probably showing scenes from the life of St. Wenceslas of Bohemia . At the beginning of the 20th century, the nave was extended to form a two-aisled hall church and most of the furnishings were renewed. The church, churchyard and the old town hall are enclosed by a common wall that goes back to a medieval fortification. The church with its crossing tower and the two western round towers characterize the townscape and is a Hessian cultural monument .
history
A foundation stone with the inscription "817 Anno †" is interpreted as a reference to a (probably wooden) chapel, which was replaced around 1120 by a Romanesque hall building. This predecessor of today's church was a Carolingian hall church with a tower chapel. The cross-shaped building consisted of a single-nave nave with a western porch and an archaeologically proven semicircular apse in the east. It was later replaced by a rectangular choir with two side apses. The patronage of St. Peter was first mentioned in 1206. In addition to the tuff high altar consecrated to Peter, the church had a side altar in the southern transverse arm, consecrated “St. Petri et Pauli ”and in the nave over an altar of St. Margaret .
The church of Großen-Linden was the mother church of up to 22 villages in the Hüttenberger Land and the sending court was located in the village . The church patronage exercised in 1206 the Falkensteiner and the Bolander , from the 14th century the Hessian landgraves . The Hüttenberger condominium under the Counts of Hesse and Nassau-Saarbrücken lasted from 1396 to 1703. Grossen-Linden received city rights between 1561 and 1577 and left the condominium in 1585. Ecclesiastically, the parish belonged in the pre-Reformation period to the deanery Wetzlar and archdeacon St. Lubentius Dietkirchen in the diocese of Trier .
During a renovation around 1230, the vestibule with the west gallery was removed so that a larger nave was created. The transept with crossing tower and the rectangular chancel end probably also date from this period. In the 14./15. In the 19th century, two windowless west towers, which were originally not hollow, but completely filled with rubble and only had a symbolic-aesthetic function, were added and the upper part was redesigned in the 16th century.
With the introduction of the Reformation in 1527, Großen-Linden switched to the Evangelical Lutheran creed. On October 5, 1547, the Hessian Landgrave Philip I convened the first synod of the Lutheran clergy of Hüttenberg there. In 1561/62 the church roof was renewed and a flat wooden ceiling was installed. The Romanesque south portal was moved into the west wall in the 16th century. The small Romanesque windows in the nave were replaced by larger ones with arches in 1770 . A Latin inscription that could be read on the triumphal arch until 1907 probably indicated that the tower was strengthened in 1770. In 1818 the floor was raised and the nave was separated from the transept and choir by a large wooden installation in the classicism style in front of the western triumphal arch . Before that, the pulpit and altar found their new locations. The old main altar was removed, the Romanesque baptismal font was placed in front of the church, the sacristy was moved into the church and various openings were made. In 1858 the interior and exterior were renovated and the choir was repaired; the interior of the church was repainted.
Since 1887, an additional wall has strengthened the northern crossing wall. In 1907, the church was extensively redesigned both inside and out, and most of the old furnishings were lost. During this reconstruction, the last remaining Romanesque window in the north wall was removed. After the north wall had been removed, a three-meter-wide aisle was added there, creating today's two-aisled facility. The south wall, which had already been repaired several times, was largely rebuilt and the northern crossing wall was renewed so that the additional wall from 1887 could be removed again. In 1908, the pulpit from 1818 was slightly redesigned and moved to a new location on the southern crossing pillar. The crossing and choir were exposed again, and a new north gallery for a new organ was installed. The western towers, which had previously been inoperative and filled with rubble, were hollowed out, windows broken through and the inner walls smoothed. Built-in stairs lead to the galleries. The rededication took place on August 22, 1909, and the church was renovated in 1962.
architecture
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The geostete , two naves of rubble stone -masonry on a hill in the southeast of the city has a transept with a central tower and a rectangular chancel and in the west two slender round towers, giving it a military-like appearance. The almost completely preserved cemetery wall encloses an area of 5753 m 2 on which the cemetery has not been used since 1874. There is the old town hall from the 13th century, the original purpose of which is unknown. It has served as a Protestant parish hall since 1986.
The west wall dates from the 12th century; the two windows with arches over the portal are new. The west gable ends with a low attic with a hipped roof . The south side is still partly medieval, but has several new windows. The three arched windows were added in 1770 or 1907 in the style of 1770. A large, lofty, ogival window in the south wall is walled up. Late Gothic portals with straight lintels and bevelled reveals are embedded in the southern nave and the southern transept . A late Gothic relief made of red sandstone on the south side shows Christ with a victory flag and spade behind a braided fence. The unusual portrayal of Christ as a gardener refers to Joh 20:15 LUT . Instead of the old north wall there are square pillars made of lung stone , which form an arcade with basket arches . Four arched windows are embedded in the new north wall. The upper floors of the two western round towers consist of a slate framework with pointed conical roofs .
The rectangular choir with strong corner pilasters has a gable crowned by a stone cross. The interior is closed off by a rib-free cross vault and has large, arched niches on the south and north sides. The northern niche is 2.60 meters wide and 1.60 meters high; the keystone is designed as a small Gothic console with foliage. A round arched door is walled up next to it. The southern, unadorned niche (1.82 meters wide and 1.55 meters high) will have served as a Levite seat . The choir is lit through three narrow, arched windows in the free-standing sides. Otto Linnemann created the eastern Art Nouveau choir window with the sinking Peter in 1908.
The massive and wide, 27-meter-high crossing tower with a pyramid roof over the transept has two coupled, ogival arcades on each side in a round panel. The crossing has a semicircular barrel inside; large round-arched triumphal arches connect them with the nave and choir. The west arch is stepped towards the nave, the east arch towards the choir. The arches made of Lungstein have spider plates , the profile and cranking of which point to the time around 1230. The northern cross arm is windowless and serves to support the crossing tower. The staircase and sacristy are housed in the southern transverse arm, the medieval substance of which has largely been preserved. All the door and window frames on the south arm date from the Middle Ages. On the south side there is an ogival gothic window in the middle, to the left there is a small rectangular window.
Figure portal
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The figure frieze on the western main portal from around 1230 is of national importance. It originally adorned the south portal before it was probably implemented in the 16th century. The weathered north side and the damage to the edges of the outer arch indicate that it was forcibly broken out. In addition, the size of the portal arch corresponds to the course of the south portal. The quartzite sandstone frieze has models in the reliefs of Modena Cathedral and the parish gate of St. Peter and Paul in Remagen . In Grossen-Linden, the double arch is stepped in two steps towards the inside and provided with figural reliefs, which were interpreted in very different ways, for example on biblical scenes from the story of redemption, as a hunting representation, on the legend of St. George or the Nibelung saga . Halfway up, transverse fighting stones have the shape of lions, embodying the evil to which people are subject. The one on the left devours a human being, the one on the right a ram. The robes below the warriors have reliefs on the front and inside, the arch stones only have them on the front.
Pastor Otto Schulte († July 14, 1931) interpreted the portal images for the first time as belonging to the legend of St. Wenceslas of Bohemia , who was verifiably venerated in Großen-Linden. This thesis was confirmed by Koeninger and has prevailed. The cycle of pictures on the outer arched frame consists of five scenes from the life of the saint from left to right: Wenzel appears in front of Heinrich I at the Reichstag in Worms , he goes secretly into the forest at night with his servant and cart and cuts wood for the poor, his mother Dragomir instigates Boleslaw to commit fratricide, the body of the murdered Wenceslas is transported in a car to Prague, where the foundation stone of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher is laid. The three inner arch stones show hunting scenes typical of the time, which tie in with Wenceslas' logging action: a forester with a horn and stick is accompanied by two dogs, one of which is biting a deer (or hare). The attackers face a wild boar in the small apex and a dragon with a double-twisted tail in the right relief. The pillar figures on the left garment show a bearded man with an ax (possibly Boniface ), a standard-bearer with a cross-headed head and a clergyman with a miter and bishop's staff, on the right a writhing snake, above an eagle with a human head, which is set across the corner as on the opposite side . The innermost relief on the right side of the pillars has been destroyed. The next one shows Peter with a key and lifting pliers or a shackle, next to it is a weathered figure of a saint with a cross staff, on the right a dragon as a symbol of evil, to which a man holds an aspergillus or a club.
Furnishing
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The interior of the nave has a flat ceiling and a three-sided gallery.
The 0.89 meter high and 1.54 meter wide Romanesque baptismal font from the 11th / 12th centuries. Century, made of lung stone with pilaster strips and horseshoe frieze stands in front of the west portal. In 1764 a new baptismal font was donated in the form of a shell basin with a curved foot made of white-veined black Lahn marble . The polygonal pulpit by Adolph Goldmann from 1818, redesigned in 1908 in the plait style, stands on a narrow wooden base and has no sound cover.
Two 63 centimeter high wooden figures from the 14th and 15th centuries are from the medieval main altar, which was broken off in 1818 Century preserved. One represents St. Wenceslas, the other St. John, according to another interpretation, St. Margaret. Two painted altar wings from the 16th century depicting the Nativity and the Adoration of the Magi were removed by the Wehrmacht at the end of the Second World War and have since disappeared. Presumably they were relocated to Darmstadt, where they were burned. An altar made of black Lahn marble with the coat of arms of Freiherr von Fabrice , donated by the governor of Hanover in 1741, has been preserved. The body of a crucifix dates from the 15th century; the cross was probably renewed in 1908.
Four tombstones are set up in the southern cross arm. The 0.83 meter wide and 1.85 meter high epitaph made of red sandstone for Cuno von Rodenhausen († 1551) bears four coats of arms with helmet decorations for the families von Rodenhausen, von Trohe, Löw von Steinfurth and von Selbold. On the tombstone for Johann Georg Neben († 1648) two arms protrude from the clouds and hold a mug. In the case of an unrecognizable coat of arms stone 0.65 meters wide and 1.20 meters high, the upper part is missing. The wall plate for Johann Justus Valentini and his two children (0.73 meters wide, 1.26 meters high) does not have a year. An angel's head is depicted above an oval with an inscription in a laurel wreath, and a skull below it.
organ
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A choir organ donated in 1669 was moved to the west gallery in 1789. Friedrich Wilhelm Bernhard , son of Johann Hartmann Bernhard , created a new work in 1850, which was replaced in 1908 by Förster & Nicolaus Orgelbau with another new building on the north gallery. The disposition was:
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A general overhaul with a change in the disposition took place in 1949, a renovation in 1977 and a restoration in 2001 by the same company. The organ with pneumatic action and pneumatic cone chests has 20 registers , which are distributed over two manuals and pedal .
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
- Playing aids : Fixed combinations (Pleno I, Pleno II, Organo pleno)
Bells
Bells are first recorded in Großen-Linden for the 13th century. The crossing tower currently houses a peal of three bronze bells. A bell, cast in 1588, and a fourth bell from 1867, the “arm sinner's bell”, were delivered and melted down in 1917 as a metal donation by the German people for the armaments industry. The three-circle pilgrim sign on the late Gothic bell from 1476 shows a Pietà in the lower part, and a coat of arms according to the Aachen rite in the upper circle . Due to the different pitch of the pitch of the first two bells, the d 'is raised and the f' lowered so that the triple peal approximates a gloria motif (whole tone and minor third).
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No. |
Surname |
Casting year |
Foundry and casting location |
Diameter (mm) |
Mass (kg) |
Percussive ( HT - 1 / 16 ) |
inscription |
image |
| 1 | Ten o'clock bell | 1712 | Dilman Schmid from Asslar | 1290 | 1300 | d 1 + | “I WAKE THE SLEEPING ONE · THE SUENDER I SCREEN · THE DOTTS [DEAD] I CRY · THE LAST COURT I REMEMBER · EVERYTHING ADAM [Breath] HAS PRAISE THE LORD HALELUIA! “ [Angel, frieze, sign with eight names] “ M. RUNCKEL PASTOR P. ECKHART DIACON I AM FLOWED INTO DISE FORM WITH GOD'S HELP. DA DILMAN SCHMID FROM ASLAR ME CASTED FIVE TOE DAY AFTER IN SUCH MOON AND YEAR. AS KEYSE. CARL. WHICH WAS DETERMINED BY CHOICE. MDCCXI " Four pictures with signatures:" S. Philippus S. PETRUS S. PAULUS S. JOH. " |
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| 2 | Marien or Elfuhr bell | 1476 | Tilman von Hachenburg | 1200 | 1100 | f 1 - | "Maria heyssen i'm not angry with everyone, i thylman von hachenberck gois me ano m ° cccc. ° lxxvi °" (in Gothic minuscule ). Medallion (13 cm high) with Pietà in a Gothic framework |
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| 3 | Lord's or Our Father's bell | 1737 | Wilhelm Rincker from Asslar | 920 | 460 | as 1 | "SOLI DEO GLORIA WILHELM RINCKER //// ASLER GOS MICH NAC // GROSEN LINDEN 1737" |
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Pastor
The following Evangelical Lutheran pastors have been recorded since the Reformation:
- 1527–1542: Tobias Schrautenbach (transition from Catholic to Protestant times)
- 1542–1546: vacant, administration by chaplain, later deacon Lucas Koch
- 1546–1595: Johannes Stockhausen
- 1595–1597: Pastor Jodokus Phorrius
- 1597-1614: Konrad Faber
- 1614–1621: Siegfried Faber
- 1621–1647: Balthasar Müller (Möller)
- 1647–1682: Magister Philipp (us) Vigelius (Weigel)
- 1682–1699: Magister Johann Ruland Fabritius
- 1700–1709: Johann Georg Nebel
- 1709–1742: Magister Christoph Ludwig Runckel
- 1742–1747: Magister Johann Christian Eckhardt
- 1747–1771: Jakob Eberhard Fauerbach
- 1772–1788: Johann Ludwig Wilhelm Vietor
- 1788–1806: Christian Friedrich Lindenmeyer
- 1807–1837: Christian August Hoffmann
- 1837–1850: Georg Ludwig Theodor Eigenbrodt
- 1851 : Administration by deacons Johann Christian Philipp Eckard and Christian Bender
- 1851–1874: Christoph Conrad Georg Koch
- 1875–1885: Philipp Ludwig Carl Hermann Hüffell
- 1886–1905: Gustav Adolph Hepding
- 1906–1927: Otto Oskar Schulte
- 1927–1939: Friedrich Schultheis
- 1939–1945: Friedrich Germer
- 1945–1953: Heinrich Schäddel
- 1953–1954: Schultz
- 1954–1967: Hermann Waidner
- 1967–1980: Kurt Schnabel
- 1980–1981: vacant, various predicants
- 1981-1991: Howard Gedrose
- 1991-2008: Christel Arens-Reul
- 2008–2009: Sybille Lenz, half position
- since 2009 : Axel Zeiler-Held
As a deacon (second pastor) worked in Großen-Linden:
- 1540 : Lukas Koch von Großen-Linden
- 1554–1560: Johannes Schieferstein
- 1572–1600: Tobias Stockhausen
- 1600–1614: Siegfried Fabri
- 1614–1621: Albert Mahler
- 1621–1636: Heinrich Mahler
- 1636–1661: Johannes Dofernus
- 1661–1670: Magister Johannes Keyser
- 1670–1682: Magister Johann Roland Fabricius von Ober-Widdersheim
- 1682–1732: Johann Philipp Eckhard von Großen-Linden with
- 1710–1732: Deputy (helper) Johann Christian Eckhard
- 1732–1742: Magister Johann Christian Eckhard
- 1742–1760: Christoph Simon Runckel
- 1760–1768: Johann Konrad Euler
- 1768–1783: Johann Ludwig Ferdinand Arnoldi, taught the deaf and dumb in the rectory
- 1783–1809: Christian Heinrich Degen
- 1810–1815: Georg Ludwig Beisenherz
- 1815–1825: Karl Ludwig Snell
- 1825–1836: Ludwig August Heinrich Römheld
- 1836–1843: Johann Andreas Weitzel
- 1843–1857: Johann Christian Philipp Eckhardt
- 1857–1872: Friedrich Heinrich Welker
- 1873–1887: Friedrich Jacob Ludwig Henkelmann
- 1881–1903: Ernst Schönhals
- 1904–1928: Ludwig Hainebach
- 1928–1930: Georg Adalbert Becker
- 1931–1946: vacant, looked after by special vicar Bremmer
- 1947–1958: Pastor Frey, move to Allendorf
- 1958–1979: no vicar position, newly approved in 1979, vacant until:
- 1985–1988: Harald Wysk
- 1988–1991: Christel Arens-Reul
- 1982–1997: Achim Keßler
- 1997–1998: vacant
- 1998–2012: Johannes Blum-Seebach
- since 2014 : Edith Höll
literature
- Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others (editing): Dehio-Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 345 f.
- Christina Wallrafen: Evangelical Church in Großen-Linden. In: Bund Heimat und Umwelt in Deutschland (BHU) (Hrsg.): Dorfkirchen in Deutschland. Bund Heimat und Umwelt in Deutschland (BHU), Bonn 2007, ISBN 3-925374-78-7 , p. 36 f.
- Wilhelm Diehl : Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt. (= Hassia sacra , Volume 5.) Self-published , Darmstadt 1931, pp. 228-230.
- Gottfried Kiesow : Romanesque in Hessen. Theiss, Stuttgart 1984, ISBN 3-8062-0367-9 , p. 241 f.
- Johann Valentin Klein: The church in Grossen-Linden near Giessen in Upper Hesse. Attempt at a historical-symbolic interpretation of their structural forms and their portal reliefs. In commission at J. Ricker'schen Buchhandlung, Gießen 1857 ( limited preview in Google book search).
- State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse (ed.), Karlheinz Lang (edit.): District of Giessen II. Buseck, Fernwald, Grünberg, Langgöns, Linden, Pohlheim, Rabenau. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , cultural monuments in Hesse .) Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8062-2178-7 , pp. 361–363.
- Adelbert Matthaei: The age of the church in Grossen-Linden. Reply. In: Mitteilungen des Oberhessischer Geschichtsverein , 5th year 1894, pp. 58–61. ( online as DjVu file)
- Otto Schulte; Marie-Luise Westermann (Hrsg.): The history of the great Linden and the Hüttenberg. Mittelhessische Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Gießen 1990, ISBN 3-924145-12-1 .
- Heinrich Walbe : The art monuments of the Gießen district. Vol. 3. Southern part without Arnsburg. Hessisches Denkmalarchiv, Darmstadt 1933, pp. 44–75.
- Marie-Luise Westermann u. a .: Evangelical Church in Großen-Linden (= series of publications of the Linden local history working group , volume 3.) Linden local history working group, Linden 2002.
- Marie-Luise Westermann, parish council of the Protestant parish in Großen-Linden (ed.): Romanesque Church in Großen-Linden. Documentation of the building history. Evangelical Church Congregation, Linden 2008.
- Marie-Luise Westermann u. a .: The Romanesque portal of the Evangelical Church in Großen-Linden (= series of publications by the Linden Local History Working Group , Volume 4.) Linden Local History Working Group, Linden 2002.
- Peter Weyrauch : The churches of the old district of Giessen. Mittelhessische Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Giessen 1979.
Web links
- Homepage of the parish
- Axel Zeiler-Held: Grossen-Linden St. Peter on HR4 with bell
- Great Linden. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on August 21, 2013 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (Ed.), Lang (Ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 363.
- ↑ a b c Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 345.
- ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1933, pp. 44, 71.
- ↑ Westermann: Romanesque Church Grossen-Linden. 1998, p. 5.
- ^ Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hessian-Nassau area (= writings of the Institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16 ). NG Elwert, Marburg 1937, ND 1984, p. 196.
- ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 347.
- ↑ Schulte: The story of Grossen-Linden. 1990, p. 28.
- ^ Kiesow: Romanesque in Hessen. 1984, p. 241.
- ↑ a b Weyrauch: The churches of the old district of Gießen. 1979, p. 73.
- ↑ a b c d e State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen (Ed.), Lang (Ed.): Kulturdenkmäler in Hessen. 2010, p. 362.
- ↑ Schulte: The story of Grossen-Linden. 1990, p. 116.
- ↑ a b Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1931, p. 228.
- ↑ Westermann: Romanesque Church Grossen-Linden. 1998, p. 6.
- ↑ Westermann: Romanesque Church Grossen-Linden. 1998, p. 13.
- ^ Weyrauch: The churches of the old district Gießen. 1979, p. 72 f.
- ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1933, p. 44.
- ↑ a b Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1931, p. 229.
- ↑ a b Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1933, p. 59.
- ↑ Westermann: Romanesque Church Grossen-Linden. 1998, p. 68 f.
- ↑ Gießener Anzeiger of October 6, 2017: The parish hall urgently needs renovation , accessed on March 26, 2018.
- ↑ a b Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1933, p. 60.
- ↑ Westermann: Romanesque Church Grossen-Linden. 1998, p. 81.
- ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1933, p. 49.
- ^ Artur Steinmüller, Peter Funk: Evangelical Church. Development of the parish. In: Helmut Faber (ed.): Großen-Linden 790–1990. Faber, Linden 1990, pp. 29-39, here: p. 35.
- ^ Artur Steinmüller, Peter Funk: Evangelical Church. Development of the parish. In: Helmut Faber (ed.): Großen-Linden 790–1990. Faber, Linden 1990, pp. 29-39, here: p. 31.
- ↑ Westermann: Romanesque Church Grossen-Linden. 1998, p. 7.
- ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1933, p. 48.
- ↑ a b Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1933, p. 50.
- ^ Kiesow: Romanesque in Hessen. 1984, p. 242.
- ↑ For an overview see Walbe: Die Kunstdenkmäler des Kreis Gießen. 1933, pp. 54-58.
- ^ Marie-Luise Westermann u. a .: Evangelical Church in Großen-Linden. 2002, p. 18.
- ^ Albert M. Koeninger: The pictures on the Romanesque church portal in Grossen-Linden. Filser, Munich 1947.
- ↑ Ulrike Kalbaum: Romanesque lintels and tympana in southwest Germany (= studies on art on the Upper Rhine 5 ). Waxmann, Münster 2011, ISBN 978-3-8309-2407-4 , p. 169.
- ↑ Westermann u. a .: The Romanesque portal of the Evangelical Church in Großen-Linden. 2002, pp. 28-30.
- ↑ Westermann: Romanesque Church Grossen-Linden. 2008, p. 93.
- ^ Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 346.
- ↑ a b Westermann: Romanesque Church Grossen-Linden. 1998, p. 74.
- ^ Grave monument Cuno von Rodenhausen 1551. Grave monuments in Hesse until 1650. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on April 14, 2014 .
- ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1933, p. 73.
- ^ Johann Justus Valentini (d. 1689) and his two children, set after 1689 and before 1701. Grave monuments in Hesse until 1650. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on April 14, 2014 .
- ^ Franz Bösken , Hermann Fischer : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (= contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.1 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 1: A-L . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1330-7 , p. 416 f .
- ↑ Hellmut Schliephake: Bell customer of the district of Wetzlar. In: Heimatkundliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lahntal e. V. 12th yearbook. 1989, ISSN 0722-1126 , pp. 5-150, here p. 135.
- ↑ Westermann: Romanesque Church Grossen-Linden. 1998, p. 77 f.
- ↑ Westermann u. a .: Evangelical Church in Großen-Linden. 2002, pp. 22-24.
- ↑ Schulte: The story of Grossen-Linden. 1990, pp. 187-200.
Coordinates: 50 ° 31 ′ 46 ″ N , 8 ° 38 ′ 57 ″ E
