Mikhail Ivanovich Gudkov

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Mikhail Ivanovich Gudkov ( Russian Михаил Иванович Гудков ; born December 8 . Jul / 21st December  1904 greg. In Baku ; † 19th March 1983 in Moscow ) was a Russian aviation engineer .

Life

Gudkow came from a working class family. He studied 1921-1924 Mechanical Engineering at the mechanics - Faculty of the Polytechnic Institute Baku . He was then drafted into the Red Army and sent to Leningrad for further study at the Military Theory School of the Red Air Fleet . He also studied at the Red Pilot School and then served as a pilot.

After his discharge from the Red Army in 1928, Gudkov worked as a designer in the Moscow Aircraft Plant No. 39. 1930-1932 he worked in the Moscow State Aircraft Plant No. 1 as a leading engineer and deputy production manager. He also studied at the Moscow State Aviation Institute (MAI) in the aircraft faculty with a degree in 1934. In 1933 he became head of the design office of the test department of the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (ZAGI) in Zhukovsky . In 1936 Gudkov became the deputy chief engineer and head of the Technical Control Department (OTK) of the aircraft factory No. 126 in Komsomolsk-on-Amur .

In 1937 Gudkov became a senior engineer in the aircraft department of the 1st Headquarters of the People's Commissariat for Defense Industry of the USSR in Moscow. After the founding of the People's Commissariat for the Aviation Industry (NKAP), he became senior engineer in Department 4 (Aircraft) of the 1st headquarters of the NKAP in January 1939. End of April 1939, the head of the Department 4 beat Vladimir Gorbunov with his staff Gudkov and Semyon Lavochkin the construction of aircraft using the new laminated densified wood - composite delta Drewessina ago. The end of May 1939, on assembly of the NKAP based on the factory no. 301 in Khimki the design office experimental OKB-301 organized under the collective management of Gorbunow, Lavochkin and Gudkov. On July 15, 1939, by order of the NKAP, Gorbunov became chief of OKB-301. On August 29, 1939, Resolution No. 243 of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was passed for the construction of two all-wood I-301 fighters . On September 1, 1939 Gorbunow was ordered by order no. 249 of the NKAP work manager for the I-301, the later LaGG-3 . The development was carried out by Gorbunov, Lavochkin, Gudkow, JB Struzel, Semyon Alexeev and others. On October 10, 1940, the NKAP ordered the serial production of the LaGG-3. On December 14th, Gudkov was appointed chief of OKB-301. Gudkov was the first to use Arkady Schwezow's air-cooled aero engine Schwezow ASch-82 for his version of the LaGG-3, the Gu-82 , and Boris Schpitalny's aircraft cannon and Mikhail Yevgenyevich Beresin's heavy machine gun BS for the high-speed fighter K-37.

As a result of the German-Soviet War , OKB-301 with factory no. 301 was evacuated to Novosibirsk on October 16, 1941, to the area of ​​aircraft factory no. 153 . In December 1941 Gudkov received an order from the NKAP People's Commissar Alexei Shachurin to immediately introduce the new, already tested Gu-82 and K-37 aircraft into production in the aircraft factory No. 21 in Gorky , which did not succeed. On the other hand, thanks to his connections to the NKAP, Lavochkin succeeded in introducing his La-GG3 version, the La-5 , with this engine into production. In April 1942, Gudkow returned to Khimki with part of the OKB-301 collective . In September 1942 the OKB-301 was relocated from Novosibirsk to Gorky on the premises of factory no.156.

In March 1943, Gudkow was one of the first to propose, together with Archip Lyulka, the construction of a fighter with a jet engine . Gudkov's draft of the Gu-WRD was initially rejected by experts. Gudkov's revised design was then used by other designers. In 1943 Gudkow resumed the development of the Gu-1, which the NKAP had stopped at the beginning of the war. The first flight of the Gu-1 with the test pilot Alexei Ivanovich Nikashin on June 12, 1943 ended in a disaster with the death of Nikaschin. The commission of inquiry found serious design flaws, so that the NKAP People's Commissar Shachurin proposed the demotion of Gudkov, to whom Stalin agreed. With the NKAP resolution of July 6, 1943, Gudkow became OTK deputy chief in factory No. 84 in Tashkent , while the OKB-301 collective in Gorky was transferred to OKB-21, headed by Lavochkin.

In 1944 Gudkow became the deputy chief designer for flight tests in Factory No. 51 in Reutow . In 1946 he became the responsible work manager of the OKB-2 of the experimental factory No. 1 on the basis of the factory No. 458 in Ivankowo (since 1960 united with Dubna on the Ivankowoer reservoir). In December 1948 he became the head of the test and introduction to the production of the test aircraft " 346 " with a jet engine.

In 1953, Gudkow became chief of OKB-491 at Factory No. 491 for equipment for the aircraft industry in Kimry . In 1956 he became the main designer of the OKB-424 for the construction of airships and balloons in Dolgoprudny . There he developed the stratospheric balloon "Volga", which rose on November 1st near Wolsk with Evgeni Andrejew and Pyotr Dolgov for their stratospheric jumps .

In 1959 Gudkov moved to the Moscow factory Universal and worked on the development of parachute systems .

Gudkov died of a stroke and was buried in Moscow's Preobrazhenskoye cemetery .

Honors, prizes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Wirtualny Awiazionny Sprawotschnik: ГУДКОВ МИХАИЛ ИВАНОВИЧ (accessed on July 10, 2019).
  2. ↑ a b c d e Find a Grave: Michael Ivanovich Gudkov (accessed July 10, 2019).
  3. ↑ История НПО им. С.А.Лавочкина (accessed July 9, 2019).
  4. ↑ Jacques Marmain: Les chasseurs Lavotckine à moteur à piston (1ère partie) Un piano à queue donna le La- . In: Le Fana de l'Aviation . No. 278 , January 1, 1993, p. 12-21 .
  5. ↑ Авиаконструкторы - Горбунов Владимир Петрович (accessed July 9, 2019).
  6. ↑ ЛаГГ-3 (1 серии) (accessed July 9, 2019).
  7. ↑ Gudkov GU 82 (accessed July 10, 2019).
  8. ↑ Гу-82 (accessed July 10, 2019).
  9. ↑ Лев Берне, Владимир Перов ЛЕГКО ЛИ ИДТИ ВПЕРЕДИ? (accessed on July 10, 2019).
  10. ↑ Gudkov Gu-VRD. Le premier prototype de jet soviétique (accessed July 10, 2019).
  11. ^ Gu-1 (accessed July 10, 2019).
  12. ↑ Gudkov Gu-1 (accessed July 10, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Gudkow, Mikhail Ivanovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Гудков, Михаил Иванович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian aerospace engineer
DATE OF BIRTH December 21, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Baku
DATE OF DEATH March 19, 1983
Place of death Moscow