Michelbach at the gap
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Michelbach at the gap
Municipality Wallhausen
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| Height : | approx. 454 (442-463) m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 2.9 km² |
| Residents : | 873 (June 6, 1961) |
| Population density : | 301 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1974 |
| Postal code : | 74599 |
| Area code : | 07955 |
Michelbach an der Lücke is a village in the municipality of Wallhausen in the Schwäbisch Hall district in Baden-Württemberg and used to be an independent municipality in the Crailsheim district .
geography
Geographical location
Michelbach is located on the eastern edge of the sparsely populated Hohenlohe plain about two kilometers from the eaves of the Frankenhöhe in the east, which already belongs to the Central Franconian district of Ansbach in Bavaria . About one and a half kilometers north of the village, the Tauber rises in a foreign area . The next medium-sized town is Crailsheim , which is about 11 kilometers to the south; the municipality of Wallhausen is 5 kilometers to the south-west.
The village is eponymous for the small natural area subunit Michelbacher Bucht (unit no. 127.92) of the Hohenlohe plain, which comprises around four fifths of the municipal area and consists entirely of the catchment area of the Brettach, which is formed by two small ditches on the edge of the village . The remaining fifth in the north with the uppermost Tauber catchment area belongs to the natural space subunit Wettringer and Oestheimer Bucht (unit no. 127.91).
The local boundary covers about 2.9 km² of the 25.2 km² large municipal area of Wallhausen, so Michelbach is by far the smallest of the three suburbs in terms of district area. In the north it borders on the district of Reubach in the municipality of Rot am See , also in the district of Schwäbisch Hall; in the east to the Schnelldorf area in the Ansbach district with the small villages of Leitsweiler and Gailroth just behind the state border; in the south and west to the Hengstfelder submarket of Wallhausen.
The above-ground runoff of the significantly larger part of the area, which the Dorfbach Brettach drains south-west to south, seeps completely into the so-called Weidenbach seepage near Wallhausen for most of the year after the name of the creek has changed, and then, after an underground karst course, reaches 18 km to the south-west into the catchment area the Bühler ; However, when it rains heavily, the Weidenbach continues to flow under another name to the Jagst tributary Brettach (!) in Rot am See . In any case, the outflow on this side always ends up in the Neckar , while the water carried on by the Steinseebach , which flows across the large watershed on the northern boundary of the district , reaches the Main via the Tauber .
The completely forest-free district is quite flat, its height only fluctuates between about 442 m above sea level. NHN at the northeastern tip, where the district boundary touches a lake in the Tauberlauf, and small hills near the southeastern tip or on the edge of the Dürrenhölzle forest on the other side of the western border, where both times about 463 m above sea level. NHN can be reached. The outflow of the main receiving river Brettach to the south is about 445 m above sea level. NHN .
The village of Michelbach is located a little southeast of the center of the district, predominantly on the edge of the flat valley basin of the Brettach , which converges from two small streams on the northern edge of the village. Immediately to the west of the confluence is the former castle, and up the hill next to it is the church.
About 200 meters to the south-east of the closed development are the three buildings of the small grinding mill on the north bank of the grinding trench to Brettach, they count towards the village, which therefore has no further living spaces.
history
Michelbach was probably founded in the 10th century with the construction of a moated castle and some surrounding ancient courts and was first mentioned in 1245 as Michilinbach . The addition to the name “at the gap” to differentiate between places of the same name refers to a gap in the Rothenburg Landhege , which was built from 1430 ; one of the strip-shaped wooded areas typical of such former hedges is located just beyond the municipal boundary on the north bank of the Steinseebach.
Emperor Ferdinand II transferred the Michelbach estate to Count Georg Ludwig zu Schwarzenberg in 1631. In the Thirty Years' War the place was almost completely destroyed: in 1639 the church and numerous houses, in 1645 the castle and the remaining houses. The place was only rebuilt in the 18th century; In 1709 the castle was rebuilt, and in 1726 the newly built Protestant church was consecrated. Since plans to use the church as a simultaneous church could not be realized, there was for a long time a Catholic chapel in the castle courtyard for the Catholic faithful, who mostly came from the ranks of the servants of the Counts of Schwarzenberg .
Michelbach formed the smallest office in the Principality of Schwarzenberg . After the end of the Holy Roman Empire , Michelbach came first to Bavaria in 1806, but then to Württemberg in 1810. The Jewish community in Michelbach has been documented since the 16th century and at times made up a third of the population in the 19th century.
On July 1, 1974, the previously independent community of Michelbach an der Lücke, which had belonged to the Crailsheim district until the district reform in Baden-Württemberg in 1973 , merged with Hengstfeld and Wallhausen to form today's community of Wallhausen. Today Michelbach is a village in the sense of the Baden-Württemberg municipal code with its own local council and a local mayor as chairman.
Attractions
- The castle in Michelbach an der Lücke goes back to a moated castle from the 10th century and, with four original courtyards, formed the oldest settlement core of the place. Destroyed after the Battle of Herbsthausen in 1645, the palace was rebuilt in its present form in 1709. There was once a Catholic chapel in the courtyard.
- The synagogue in the Michelbach district is one of the few that was not destroyed in the November pogrom in 1938 . After being sold, it served as an ammunition depot and drinks store, was later restored and has been a memorial and place of encounter and training on the subject of Jewish life in Baden-Württemberg since 1984 . From 1840 to 1939 the dead of the Jewish community were buried at the Jewish cemetery in Michelbach an der Lücke, just under one kilometer northwest of the outskirts.
leisure
The lowest crossing between the popular cycling areas Kocher-Jagst-Radweg and Taubertalradweg leads over Michelbach an der Lücke .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Michelbach has three bus stops, which are served by a total of five lines in normal traffic and also by two dial-a-bus routes from the Schwäbisch Hall roundabout , as well as the regional bus route 817 of the greater Nuremberg area .
The next access point to the railway is, about six kilometers away, the Wallhausen stop on the Crailsheim – Königshofen railway line . Schnelldorf train station on the Nuremberg – Crailsheim railway line is over seven kilometers away .
Michelbach is located on the state road L 2247 from Wallhausen in the southwest to Wettringen in the northeast (in Bavaria State road St 2247). From here the L 2222 / St 2222 branches off, which leads to Schnelldorf in the southeast. The next federal motorway 6 is less than seven kilometers away via this . A district road in the north-northwest direction leads via Weikersholz and Reubach to Brettheim , another in the west via smaller neighboring hamlets after a fork to the B 290 or to Rot am See in the northwest.
literature
- Otto Ströbel: Wallhausen: the history of a rural community . Hohenloher Druck + Verlagshaus, Crailsheim 1987
- Otto Ströbel: Michelbach an der Lücke: History of a village community between Christians and Jews . Hohenloher Druck + Verlagshaus, Crailsheim 1993
- Lothar Schwandt: The village is changing - using the example of the Wallhausen community, consisting of Wallhausen - Hengstfeld - Michelbach / Lücke . Baier, Crailsheim 2006, ISBN 3-929233-59-2
Web links
Michelbach an der Lücke in the description of the Oberamt Gerabronn from 1847.
Individual evidence
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"... But that's not all! The Weidenbach, which sinks to the northwest of Wallhausen on the railway embankment in an unfortunately unattractive sinkhole, also flows under the Jagst towards the southwest to the Bühlertal, where Zander, after 480 hours in the Neunbronn springs about 18 km away, observed the re-emergence of the dye given in the swirling stream . The Weidenbach only overcomes the infiltration point when there is strong water flow and reaches the Brettach via Reinach-Seebach, depending on the orographic gradient . … “(
Hans Mattern : Das Jagsttal from Crailsheim to Dörzbach . Baier BPB Verlag, Crailsheim 1995, ISBN 3-929233-04-5 , p. 126 f.)
With Zander , Mattern obviously refers to J. Zander: Hydrogeological investigations in Muschelkalk -Karst of North-Württemberg (eastern Hohenlohe plain). Arb. Inst. Geol. Paleont. Univ. Stuttgart NF 70, 1973, pp. 87-182. - ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 467 .
- ^ Wallhausen community - local councils , accessed on March 15, 2009
- ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation . Volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 . P. 102