Mras-Su
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Mras-Su Мрас-Су́, Мрассу́ (Mrassu) |
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 Course of the Mras-Su (Мрас-Су́) in the south of the catchment area of the Tom |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 13010300212115200008181 | |
| location | Kemerovo Oblast ( Russia ) | |
| River system | If | |
| source |
Abakan Mountains 52 ° 10 ′ 15 ″ N , 88 ° 28 ′ 23 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 1400 m | |
| muzzle |
Tom bei Myski Coordinates: 53 ° 44 ′ 43 " N , 87 ° 48 ′ 39" E 53 ° 44 ′ 43 " N , 87 ° 48 ′ 39" E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 225 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 1175 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 3.5 ‰ | |
| length | 338 km (with Akmras headwaters ) | |
| Catchment area | 8840 km² | |
| Discharge at the Ust-Kabyrsa A Eo gauge : 3170 km² Location: 201 km above the mouth |
MQ 1956/1998 Mq 1956/1998 |
61 m³ / s 19.2 l / (s km²) |
| Discharge at the Myski A Eo gauge : 8790 km² Location: 6 km above the mouth |
MQ 1955/2000 Mq 1955/2000 |
154 m³ / s 17.5 l / (s km²) |
| Left tributaries | Pysas , Bolshoi Unsas | |
| Right tributaries | Kabyrsa , Orton , Kises | |
| Medium-sized cities | Myski | |
| Communities | Ust-Kabyrsa | |
The Mras-Su ( Russian Мрас-Су́ ), also Mrassu ( Мрассу́ ), is a 338 km long left tributary of the Tom in southern western Siberia in Russia (with the longest source river Akmras ) .
course
The Mras-Su arises in the extreme southeast of the Kemerovo Oblast - which it flows through along its entire length - not far from the border with the autonomous republics of Altai and Khakassia in the vicinity of the village Mrassu named after it from several short source streams ( Akmras , Solmras , Tschormras , Sumras ). These have their origin on the north-west flank of the almost 2000 m high Abakan Mountains , which are separated from the West Sayan by the Abakan River in the northwest and border the low mountain range of Bergschorien from the southeast. Akmras, the longest source stream with almost 15 km, rises at an altitude of around 1400 m .
The Mras-Su flows through the densely forested landscape of Bergschoriens as the most important river next to the Kondoma in predominantly northern directions in a deeply cut valley. The course of the river is rich in bends and rapids . It finally flows into the Ob tributary, Tom, a few kilometers below the town of Myski at an altitude of about 225 m .
The most important tributaries of the Mras-Su are the Kabyrsa, Orton and Kises from the right and the Pysas and Bolshoi Unsas ("Big Unsas") from the left.
Hydrography
The catchment area of the Mras-Su covers 8840 km². In the vicinity of the mouth, the river is almost 200 meters wide and 1.5 meters deep; the flow velocity here is 1.5 m / s.
The Mras-Su freezes from mid-November to April. The water flow at Myski, six kilometers above the estuary, averages 155 m³ / s with a minimum of 24.4 m³ / s in February and a maximum of 694 m³ / s in May.
Infrastructure and economy
The Mras-Su is not navigable, but was used for logging until the 1990s .
The area through which the Mras-Su and its tributaries flow is only sparsely populated, mainly by members of the indigenous peoples of the Schoren and Teleuts . In addition to the town of Myski on the lower reaches, where the Novokuznetsk - Abakan railway line and a road cross, there are only smaller settlements along the entire river, the most important of which is Ust-Kabyrsa at the confluence of Kabyrsa and Pysas. The entire area is only accessible by unpaved roads.
The formerly important forestry, for the purposes of which (logging to the Mras-Su and its tributaries) also narrow-gauge railways existed, experienced a decline as a result of the economic crisis of the 1990s, in particular because of the practically no transport links to the remote area. A significant part of the catchment area of the Mras-Su, on the other hand, has been occupied by the Schorian National Park since 1989 , which is expected to stimulate the development of tourism.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Mras-Su in the State Water Directory of the Russian Federation (Russian)
- ↑ a b Article Mras-Su in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ Mras-Su at the Ust-Kabyrsa gauge - hydrographic data from R-ArcticNET
- ↑ Mras-Su at the Myski gauge - hydrographic data from R-ArcticNET
- ↑ Mras-Su at the Myski gauge - hydrographic data from R-ArcticNET
- ↑ for example at Kabyrsa, s. parovoz.com (Russian)
- ↑ Map on the website of the national park (Russian)