New house (square)
New house in Hanover is a street at the intersection of numerous traffic routes. The open space on the edge of Hanover's Oststadt and Zoo districts is accessed by automobiles, in particular through the Schiffgraben and Königstrasse. Today, the area in front of the University of Music, Theater and Media building is perceived as a public open space , with its front side separating the grown city from the Eilenriede : the urban forest of the Lower Saxony state capital forms a spur here, with which the designed forest park of the City center comes closest. On March 1, 2019, the former Emmichplatz was renamed the Neues Haus .
history
At the beginning of the Electorate of Hanover , the New House was built on the edge of the Eilenriede in 1712 , originally as a quarantine station on the Schiffgraben to prevent the spread of the plague . A century later, the two-storey timber-framed building to a numbered "ring of inns and tourist restaurants that between town and country to the Landwehr towers and Holzwart stations were." At the Biedermeier period the New House was one of the most popular "Lustörtern" Hanover, where the currently Kingdom of Hanover soon played a summer theater and the first enclosures for the later Hanover Adventure Zoo had been set up.
Photo in collotype by Karl F. Wunder , around 1900
Today's square was laid out in the year the German Empire was proclaimed in 1871 and initially named "Am Neuen Haus". Even in the early days , the square was upgraded - in keeping with the spirit of the times - in 1884 with a memorial for the fallen soldiers of the province of Hanover , which was only used to commemorate the German fallen soldiers in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/1871 .
Previously, the architect Heinrich Köhler had built the lavish Villa Coppel for the banker Simon Coppel on the corner of the Schiffgraben from 1872 . At her side, Karl Börgemann built the villa “Weisse Distel ” for the manufacturer Gustav Meyer .
Also towards the end of the 19th century, the historic New House was replaced by a new neo-baroque building with a concert garden , which developed into one of the most popular meeting places in Hanover after the First World War and especially in the Weimar Republic during the 1920s .
In the year the National Socialists seized power , the square was "renamed in 1933 after the commanding general of the X Army Corps and honorary citizen of Hanover, General of the Infantry Otto von Emmich "; which at the same time should remind of the "deployment phase of the First World War".
The monumental war memorial did not survive the air raids on Hanover ; The New House was also badly damaged by aerial bombs and was only restored after the war and continued to be used as a garden restaurant. It was not until 1973 that it had to give way to the new building of what was then the University of Music and Theater. However, some remnants of the New House remained almost in the same place after their relocation in the interests of monument preservation .
In 1984 a - long unconsequential - discussion broke out in the Lower Saxony state capital about renaming Emmichplatz due to the hero worship officially introduced half a century earlier , to which the Hanoverians had "never really got used" in this form. But in October 2017 the decision District Council in mid majority for initiating the process of renaming the Emmichplatzes after historians had explained "that the German troops under the command of Emmich war crimes committed, including the shooting of several civilians." A Hanoverian beat Alma Rosé as the new namesake: the violinist from a Jewish family directed the Auschwitz girls' orchestra - and died in the concentration camp in 1944. Even if the members of the district council did not initially want to be determined on a specific name, the proposal to set up an information board explaining the history of the place names met with general approval.
literature
- Wolfgang Neß , Gerd Weiß : Keyword Emmichplatz , in: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , architectural monuments in Lower Saxony, City of Hanover (DTBD), part 1, volume 10.1, ed. by Hans-Herbert Möller , Lower Saxony State Administration Office - Institute for Monument Preservation , Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Braunschweig 1983, ISBN 3-528-06203-7 , pp. 147, 158f., 167; as well as Zoo and Oststadt in the addendum to part 2, volume 10.2: List of architectural monuments according to § 4 ( NDSchG ) (excluding architectural monuments of the archaeological monument preservation ), status: July 1, 1985, City of Hanover , Lower Saxony State Administration Office - publications of the Institute for Monument Preservation, p. 10, 11
- Harald Koch, Franz Rudolf Zankl : Emmichplatz , in this: Places in Hanover. Then and now . TAK-Verlag, Hannover 1998, ISBN 3-9806454-0-1 , pp. 128-131
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Harald Koch, Franz Rudolf Zankl : Emmichplatz , in this .: Places in Hanover. Then and now . TAK-Verlag, Hannover 1998, ISBN 3-9806454-0-1 , pp. 128-131
- ↑ a b Helmut Zimmermann : Emmichplatz , in ders .: The street names of the state capital Hanover. Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , p. 71
- ↑ Emmichplatz is now called Neues Haus. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
- ↑ Helmut Knocke , Hugo Thielen : Emmichplatz 3, 4 , in Dirk Böttcher , Klaus Mlynek (ed.): Hannover. Kunst- und Kultur-Lexikon (HKuKL), new edition, 4th, updated and expanded edition, zu Klampen, Springe 2007, ISBN 978-3-934920-53-8 , p. 104
- ↑ a b Andreas Schinkel: Bezirksrat Mitte / Emmichplatz should get a different name ... , article on the page of the Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung from October 17, 2017, updated on October 20, 2017, last accessed on March 23, 2018
Coordinates: 52 ° 22 ′ 37.2 " N , 9 ° 45 ′ 11.4" E