Pauline Hanson's One Nation

Pauline Hanson's One Nation
Party leader	Pauline Hanson
founding	April 11, 1997
Headquarters	2/38 Hudson Road, Albion, Queensland
Youth organization	Young Nation (closed)
newspaper	The Nation
Alignment	Australian nationalism , agrarianism, right-wing populism , protectionism , immigration opponents, Islamophobia
Colours)	yellow
House of Representatives	0/150
senate	2/76
Number of members	5,000 (2015)
Website	www.onenation.com.au

Pauline Hanson's One Nation , also known as One Nation or One Nation Party , is a right-wing populist , Islamophobic party in Australia that won 22.7% and 11 out of 89 seats in parliament in the 1998 Queensland election.

It was unable to build on this surprise success of a party running for the first time. It became meaningless after internal disputes and splits, but changed the political framework through a protracted discussion, which restricted immigration, cut social assistance, enabled repressive measures against young people and restricted basic democratic rights. Her electorate fell in the years that followed 1998 and she was last represented in 2006 with a seat in the Queensland Parliament.

In Australia's general election in 2016 , One Nation won four seats out of a total of 76 seats in the Australian Senate . After the parliamentary elections in Australia in 2019 , this party only has two seats in the Senate.

Demarcation

The One Nation party should not be confused with the infrastructure program of the same name from 1991 to 1996 by the Australian Labor Party- led government of Paul Keating .

founding

Pauline Hanson

One Nation was founded by Pauline Hanson , David Oldfield and David Ettridge as a party on April 11, 1997. Hanson was elected as a candidate for the Liberal Party of Australia in the 1996 national election in the constituency of the Division of Oxley . There she became known for her racist parliamentary speeches and was excluded from the Liberal Party . David Oldfield was Chancellor of Sydney suburbs for Manly Council who previously worked with Tony Abbott , a Liberal Party Minister . He and David Ettridge were referred to as the "two Davids" and "2D" respectively; they were the party strategists and Hanson was the populist speaker.

Naming

The name One Nation referred to the idea of ​​national unity for Australia and was politically directed against the prejudice that Australian governments prefer the Aborigines . The term is taken from the British party landscape with One Nation Conservatism , but was used in Australia as a fighting term against the politics of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) by Paul Keating, which pursued a cosmopolitan, economically neoliberal , multicultural and Asian-centered politics. One Nation wanted to create the political platform that would respond to and promote Australians' fears about this policy. The One Nation called for a drastic reduction in immigration, the abolition of multiculturalism and the alleged preferential treatment of the Aborigines to end and coined the term “Asianization of Australia”. The party responded to the fears of the Australian population about globalization, they wanted to promote the internal market and introduce protective tariffs as well as aid, especially for the middle class in the fields of handicrafts, trade and agriculture.

Positions

One Nation represents positions under male law . So loud Hanson is the most oppressed person, the white Anglo-Saxon man ( "I think the most downtrodden person is the white Anglo-Saxon male"). Hanson believes that single parent income support measures favor family breakdown, that single mothers are privileged over married couples, and that single motherhood is an industry that maintains unemployed women at the expense of taxpayers . According to her party's policy, she will therefore take action against single women who are “having one child after the other” (“Under One Nation policy I am really going to come down on single women out there who are continually having child after child”) ). The men's rights goals of the party and the Australia First Party included the replacement of the family court with a people's tribunal as well as changes in family law and child support to prevent prejudice against men. One Nation chose male rights activist and President of the Lone Fathers' Association , Barry Williams, as the party's candidate for this purpose . Candidates and members of the party are predominantly men.

elections

In 1998, One Nation's Queensland election received 22.7% of the vote and 11 of 89 parliamentary seats. It received more votes than the Liberal Party or the National Party of Australia and became the second strongest party after the ALP. The City-Country Alliance split off from the One Nation faction in Queensland's parliament in late 1999 . In 1998, almost twice as many men as women voted for One Nation . The party was the most disparate among Australian parties in terms of gender voting.

Party founder Pauline Hanson ran in the 2001 election in Queensland in the constituency Division of Blair and lost to Liberal Party candidate Cameron Thompson. The secession of the One Nation , The City-Country Alliance, did not win a seat in 2001 either. In 2001, 34% of the party's male voters said that equality for women was going too far for them.

In 2001, One Nation won three seats in the election in Western Australia , in the 2001 national election it was unsuccessful due to Australian suffrage, but won almost 10% of the vote. The following year, One Nation won no seat in Victoria , South Australia or Tasmania . Hanson did not succeed in winning a seat on the occasion of her candidacy for the New South Wales Legislative Council in 2003; she received less than 2% of the vote. In 2006, One Nation won a seat in the Queensland general election. In the period that followed, she was unable to enter a parliament. Only in 2016, One Nation won four seats out of a total of 76 seats in the Senate in the general election in Australia .

Internal squabbles and decline

Since its peak in the 1998 elections, One Nation has been weakened by internal disputes and secessionists. Hanson was fined approximately AUD 500,000 for electoral irregularities in Queensland in 1998 .

In October 2000, Hanson expelled party founder David Oldfield, the last remaining One Nation MP in the New South Wales Parliament , from the party because he was planning a split, which he carried out in 2001 with the establishment of One Nation New South Wales . As a result, the original One Nation party could no longer run in the 2002 elections in New South Wales, but only at the national level and at the state level only in Queensland and New South Wales. In the February 2005 election in Western Australia, the vote for One Nation plummeted and the party became meaningless. For the election in South Australia in 2006 six members ran for the lower house, they achieved a share of the vote of only 0.8%. In 2006, four members of the One Nation ran for election, receiving 0.6% of the vote; only one Independent running on a One Nation list won a seat directly.

In 2009, the One Nation Party Queensland was dissolved after the membership fell below 500.

Review

The election success of One Nation fundamentally changed the political landscape in Australia and put great pressure on other parties, which then adapted. After One Nation moved into the Queensland Parliament, a long-running discussion arose about limiting immigration, forced labor for welfare recipients and expanding police powers. After three years of parliamentary work by One Nation in Queensland, the political framework conditions were changed, immigration was restricted, social assistance was cut, repressive measures against young people were allowed and basic democratic rights were restricted.

Parallel to the Australian development, there were comparable right-wing populist and right-wing extremist tendencies and new parties in Europe and the USA at about the same time, which were connected with the development of distrust and alienation of large sections of the population with the official political system and the ruling parties; this included a lack of solutions to mass unemployment, social restrictions and poverty. However, like One Nation , these movements were unable to develop a social program for the wage and salary-dependent sections of the population. After the press initially reported with interest about these movements, interest turned into concern, the ruling parties adapted their programs to the right-wing populist positions and there was increased critical reporting in the press.

In the prologue of the autobiography Untamed and Unashamed of Pauline Hanson, which came out in 2007, she notes that the conservative coalition government of the Liberal Party of John Howard and the National Party have attempted the voters of the One Nation for the Liberal Party and the National Party back and "the very same policies I advocated back then ... are being advocated today by the federal government" ("the politics I was advocating came back ... is now being pursued by Australian federal politics").

Ex-candidate for 2013

In August 2013, the party's model child, parliamentary candidate Stephanie Banister, received worldwide attention for her very misleading statements (including ignorance) in a television interview for which she was compared to the American vice-presidential candidate of 2008, Sarah Palin . In an interview broadcast by Seven News , she described Islam as a country she had nothing against, but whose bad laws had no business in Australia. For the holy book Koran , she apparently used the term haram , which actually means forbidden. She would like to be banned from food marked as halāl (i.e. which correspond to the Islamic dietary laws) because of an alleged "tax", but supports kosher dishes (those that comply with the Jewish dietary laws, both have partially identical regulations and there is a small fee for this too monitored production and certified labeling). Because the Jews have their own religion, which "does not follow the Haram" (which was interpreted as the Koran based on the previous statements by the reporter), but Jesus Christ . At the time of the interview, she was being investigated because she was wearing stickers in a Logan City supermarket that read “Beware! Halal foods funds terrorism ” is said to have stuck to Nestlé products labeled as halal . The Disability Care Australia scheme , formerly known as the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS), which was only fully applicable in 2016 , is one of the best-known programs of the Labor Party, which ruled until September 2013 , and was the subject of its election campaign. Apparently she had no idea about it, the program already worked for her.

Banister felt misinterpreted; she corrected herself many times during the interview, but what was cut out. Your words have been twisted. She knows that Islam is not a country, she meant “Islamic countries”. When asked if she thought that 2 percent would follow “haram”, she said: “Yes, up to 2.5 percent” (1.5% of people professing Islam in the 2001 census). She is not unprepared for the election, but she may be inexperienced and she has yet to learn the political side of life. Shortly thereafter, she withdrew her candidacy. Party spokesman Savage took responsibility for allowing such an inexperienced candidate to interview.

Election results

choice	chamber	Number of votes (in percent)	Seats (won)
Queensland General Election (1998)	Legislative Assembly of Queensland	22.7%	11
General election in Australia 1998	Australian House of Representatives	8.4%
	Australian Senate	9%	1
General Election in New South Wales (1999)	Legislative Assembly	7.5%
	Legislative Council	6.3%	1
General election in Victoria (1999)	Legislative Assembly	0.3%
	Legislative Council	N / A
General Election in Western Australia (2001)	Legislative Assembly	9.6%
	Legislative Council	9.9%	3
Queensland General Election (2001)	Legislative Assembly	8.7%	3
Parliamentary election in the Northern Territory (2001)	Northern Territory	1.3%
General election in Australia 2001	Australian House of Representatives	4.3%
	senate	5.5%
General Election in South Australia (2002)	House of Assembly	2.4%
	Legislative Council	1.8%
Queensland General Election (2004)	Legislative Assembly	4.9%	1
General election in Australia 2004	Australian House of Representatives	1.2%
	senate	1.7%
General Election in Western Australia (2005)	Legislative Assembly	1.6%
	Legislative Council	1.6%
General election in South Australia (2006)	House of Assembly	0.3%
	Legislative Council	0.8%
Queensland General Election (2006)	Legislative Assembly	0.6%	1
General election in Australia 2007	Australian House of Representatives	0.3%
	senate	0.4%
General Election in Western Australia (2008)	Legislative Assembly	N / A
	Legislative Council	0.6%
General Election in Queensland (2009)	Legislative Assembly	0.4%
South Australia (2010)	House of Assembly	N / A
	Legislative Council	0.5%
General election in Australia 2010	Australian House of Representatives	0.2%
	senate	0.6%
General election in Australia 2013	Australian House of Representatives	0.2%
	senate	0.6%
Queensland General Election (2015)	Legislative Assembly	0.9%
General election in Australia 2016	Australian House of Representatives	1.29%
	senate	4.29%	4th

literature

• Tony Abbott et al. (1998) Two Nations. The Causes and Effects of the Rise of the One Nation Party in Australia , Bookman Press, Melbourne (Victoria) ISBN 1-86395-177-6 .
• Balson, Scott (2000), Inside One Nation. The inside story on a people's party born to fail , Interactive Presentations, Mt Crosby News, Queensland. ISBN 0-9577415-2-9 .
• Graeme Campbell, Mark Uhlmann (1995), Australia Betrayed. How Australian democracy has been undermined and our naive trust betrayed , Foundation Press, Victoria Park, Western Australia. ISBN 1-875778-02-0 .
• Rex Davis, Robert Stimson (1998), 'Disillusionment and disenchantment at the fringe: explaining the geography of the One Nation Party vote at the Queensland election,' People and Place , Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 69-82.
• Helen J. Dodd (1997). Pauline. The Hanson Phenomenon , Boolarong Press, Moorooka, Queensland. ISBN 0-646-33217-1 .
• David Ettridge (2004), Consider Your Verdict , New Holland Publishers, Frenchs Forest, New South Wales. ISBN 1-74110-232-4 .
• Bligh Grant (1997), Pauline Hanson. One Nation and Australian Politics , University of New England Press, Armidale, New South Wales. ISBN 1-875821-38-4 .
• Pauline Hanson (2007), Untamed and Unashamed - Pauline Hanson's autobiography , Jo-Jo Publishing, Docklands, Victoria. ISBN 0-9802836-2-0 .
• Laksiri Jayasuriya, Kee Pookong (1999), The Asianization of Australia? Some Facts about the Myths , Melbourne University Press, Carlton South, Victoria. ISBN 0-522-84854-0 .
• James Jupp (1998), Populism in the land of Oz , in Meanjin, Vol. 57, No. 4, pp. 740-747.
• Margo Kingston (1999), Off the Rails. The Pauline Hanson Trip , Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, New South Wales. ISBN 1-86508-159-0 .
• Michael Leach, Geoffrey Stokes; Ian Ward (2000), The Rise and Fall of One Nation , University of Queensland Press, St Lucia, Queensland. ISBN 0-7022-3136-3 .
• Hugh Mackay (1999), Turning Point. Australians Choosing Their Future , Pan Macmillan, Sydney, New South Wales, Ch. 24, 'Xenophobia and Politics. Why Hanson was good for us. ' ISBN 0-7329-1001-3 .
• Merritt, George J. (1997), Pauline Hanson. The Truth , St George Publications, Parkholme, South Australia. ISBN 0-646-32012-2 .
• Pasquarelli, John (1998), The Pauline Hanson Story by the Man Who Knows , New Holland Publishers, Frenchs Forest, New South Wales. ISBN 1-86436-341-X .

Web links

• Official website of the One Nation (English)
• Inside One Nation (English)
• How the Victorian branch imploded ( Memento of December 8, 2003 in the Internet Archive )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Annie Guest: Pauline Hanson making 'discrimination, racism mainstream': Islamic Council of Queensland , September 15, 2016, on abc.net.au. Retrieved October 8, 2016.
2. ↑ Senate Results , on abc.net.au. Retrieved September 15, 2016.
3. ^ Members of Parliament , on One Nation, accessed January 12, 2020
4. ↑ gwb.com.au Archive of key stories exposing the two Davids "running" One Nation, accessed April 2, 2011.
5. ↑ australianpolitics.com ( Memento of the original from June 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. : One Nation's Immigration, Population and Social Cohesion Policy 1998 , accessed April 2, 2011. 
6. ^ P. Charlton (1998): Full Circle. The Courier-Mail , June 13, 1998 (English)
7. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Marian Simms and John Warhurst: Howard's agenda: the 1998 Australian election . University of Queensland Press, St Lucia 2000, ISBN 0-7022-3163-0 , pp. 149-151.
8. ↑ Yasmeen Abu-Laban (Ed.): Gendering the Nation-State: Canadian and Comparative Perspectives . UBC Press, Vancouver 2008, ISBN 978-0-7748-1465-2 , p. 126.
9. ^ ^{A b} John Warhurst and Marian Simms: 2001: The Centenary Election . University of Queensland Press, St Lucia 2002, ISBN 0-7022-3303-X , p. 255.
10. ^ Robert Mason: 'Pitbulls' and Populist Politicians: Sarah Palin, Pauline Hanson and the Use of Gendered Nostalgia in Electoral Campaigns (PDF; 472 kB). In: Comparative American Studies. 8, No. 3, 2010, pp. 185-199. doi: 10.1179 / 147757010X12773889525867 .
11. ↑ Senate Results , on abc.net.au. accessed on September 15, 2016.
12. ↑ abc.net.au : election results in Tablelands , accessed on April 2, 2011.
13. ↑ brisbanetimes.com.au : Give Pauline a go: One Nation Queensland chief (English) of March 9, 2011, accessed on April 2, 2011.
14. ↑ ^{a b} wsws.org : Linda Tenenbau: Rise and Fall of the One Nation Party by Pauline Hanson. March 18, 2011, translated from English (March 9, 1999), accessed April 2, 2011.
15. ^ Pauline Hanson: Untamed and Unashamed. JoJo Publishing, 2007, ISBN 978-0-9802836-2-4 .
16. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Rachel Olding: When Stephanie got her facts wrong: One Nation candidate makes gaffe after gaffe in TV interview. In: The Age. August 8, 2013, accessed on August 11, 2013 (English): “ Jews aren't under haram, they have their own religion which follows Jesus Christ, she said. They don't have a tax on [kosher], they've just got a certain way of making it where haram has a tax on the food. In fact, kosher food has a small fee too. " 
17. ↑ Bridie Jabor: One Nation candidate Stephanie Banister puts Islam on the map. In: The Guardian. August 8, 2013, accessed August 11, 2013 . 
18. ^ Hugo Gye: Is this Australia's answer to Sarah Palin? Candidate believes Islam is a country and gets halal mixed up with a term that means sinful. In: Daily Mail Online. August 8, 2013, accessed August 11, 2013 . 
19. ↑ Hunter Stuart: Stephanie Banister, Australian Politician, Gets Her Facts Wrong, Reminds Us Of Sarah Palin (VIDEO). In: Huffington Post / World. August 8, 2013, accessed August 11, 2013 . 
20. ↑ This politician thinks Islam is a country. The Australian Sarah Palin. In: Berliner Kurier. August 10, 2013. Retrieved August 11, 2013 . 
21. ↑ 7News: One Nation candidate speaks out ( Memento from August 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), Youtube, August 7, 2013.
22. ^ Rob Williams: Australian ultra-nationalist politician Stephanie Banister in car crash immigration TV interview. In: The Independent. August 8, 2013, accessed on August 11, 2013 (English): "[...]" I don't oppose Islam as a country but I do feel their laws should not be welcome here in Australia. " [...] “Less than 2% of Australians follow haram” - which the interviewer understood to mean the Qur'an. "Jews aren't under haram. They have their own religion which follows Jesus Christ," [...] " 
23. ↑ One Nation candidate quits race after Islam gaffe. In: The Sydney Morning Herald. August 10, 2013, accessed August 11, 2013 .