Ottaviano di Paoli

This article deals with the Cardinal Bishop, for the Cardinal Protodeacon of the same name see Ottaviano di Paoli de 'Conti di Segni .

Ottaviano di Paoli de 'Conti di Segni or Ottaviano di Paoli (* in the 12th century; † April 5, 1206 ) was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Church .

Life

Origin and early years

Ottaviano came from Rome or its immediate vicinity. He was ordained a subdeacon and was a legate in France to announce to the bishops there that the Synod of Lyons was convened in 1179.

Act as a cardinal

Pope Lucius III created him in a consistory in the middle of 1182 as cardinal deacon and awarded him the title deaconry Santi Sergio e Bacco . Ottaviano took part in the papal election in 1185 , in which Pope Urban III. was chosen. In the autumn of 1186 he again traveled to France to take part in a disputation at Le Mans . He was as legate to England sent to where Prince John , the son of King Henry II. To crown King of Ireland. On his arrival, however, Heinrich had changed his plans and sent Ottaviano to France so that King Philip II would dissuade August from his plan to become guardian of the heir to the Duchy of Normandy . In the middle of February 1187 Ottaviano found himself in Flanders with King Henry II, on April 5, 1187 they met with King Philip II, the two rulers could not agree on a truce and acts of war broke out. The cardinal traveled south and tried to reform the order of the Grammontese . He later turned to Paris and settled an internal church dispute in the French capital. He then traveled back to Italy and was back in Rome in August 1187.

When King Richard the Lionheart arrived in Ostia , Cardinal Ottaviano represented the Pope at his reception. He was a participant in the first papal election in 1187 , from which Gregory VIII emerged as pope. He also took part in the second papal election of the same year, the Clement III. brought to the papal office.

Episcopate

On February 22nd (according to other sources on May 31st) 1189 Ottaviano was elevated to cardinal bishop of the suburbicarian diocese of Ostia and Velletri . After 1190 he also became vicar of Rome . He took part in the papal election in 1191, from which Pope Celestine III. emerged. The latter sent him to France, this time together with Cardinal Giordano di Ceccano , the cardinals had the task of urging the English Chancellor William Longchamp , who ruled England in the absence of Richard the Lionheart, to mediate between the Archbishop of Rouen and Johann Ohneland's supporters. Cardinal Ottaviano was considered to be more inclined to the English, and when the two papal legates reached the Normandy border in the spring of 1192, the Normans refused entry because they suspected the French king was behind the embassy. Thereupon they were excommunicated by Cardinal Ottaviano and the cardinal imposed the interdict on Normandy. Cardinal Giordano spoke out against these measures and was then banished from his kingdom by the French king. To prevent further complications, the Pope forbade both legates from entering Normandy. Cardinal Ottaviano traveled to Paris and on to the south-east of the French kingdom. The legates only revoked the interdict on Normandy on the express order of the Pope. Cardinal Giordano remained at his post while Cardinal Ottaviano returned to Italy. On the way between Lucca and Siena, the cardinal's travel company was  attacked and robbed - at the instigation of the emperor or the margrave Konrad von Lützelhardt - the cardinal himself was separated from the group and taken prisoner; he was only released after some time.

In the profound disputes between Pope Coelestin III. and Emperor Heinrich IV, Cardinal Ottaviano was also the papal legate. Together with Cardinal Pietro Diana and the Papal Chamberlain Cardinal Cencio, he conducted the decisive negotiations near Rome in the autumn of 1197, but both the Emperor and the Pope died a few months later. Cardinal Ottaviano took part in the papal election in 1198 , which led to the election of Innocent III. led. In the first weeks of his pontificate, Innocent III sent. him together with Cardinal Gerardo to Duke Konrad von Spoleto , in order to receive his submission to the papal suzerainty. In Narni, the legates threatened the duke with excommunication, after which he accepted their terms. While the Pope toured northern Lazio and Umbria between August and October 1198, Cardinal Ottaviano remained in Rome as the Pope's vicar. In the summer of 1199, Cardinal Ottaviano was a member of a commission that included Guido de Papa and Ugolino dei conti di Segni (later Pope Gregory IX ), which were negotiating in Veroli, on the border between the Papal States and the Kingdom of Sicily the Reichstruchsess Markward von Annweiler . The legates achieved Markward's renunciation of reign and far-reaching promises. In the summer of 1200, Cardinal Ottaviano was again appointed legate in France, this time with the unsolvable task of achieving a reconciliation between Philip II and his outcast wife and at the same time with the Guelphs , and the cardinal was supposed to urge England and France to conclude a peace treaty , and finally to call on the monarchs to call a crusade.

Last years and death

Cardinal Ottaviano returned from France to the Roman Curia in 1201 after having chaired a provincial council in Soissons. As early as 1200 he was elected Dean of the College of Cardinals , and he held this office until his death.

He died in April 1206, probably in Rome, where he had spent the last years of his life. His burial place is unknown.

literature

• Werner Maleczek : Pope and College of Cardinals from 1191 to 1216: the cardinals under Celestine III. and Innocent III. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1984, pp. 80–83 and more often.
• Pietro Silanos:  Ottaviano. In: Raffaele Romanelli (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 79:  Nursio – Ottolini Visconti. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2013.

Web links

• Ottaviano (deaconry of Ss. Sergio e Bacco). In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed February 1, 2017.

predecessor	Office	successor
Konrad von Wittelsbach	Dean of the College of Cardinals 1200–1206	Ugolino dei Conti di Segni
Theobald	Cardinal Bishop of Ostia and Velletri 1189–1206	Ugolino dei Conti di Segni