Papal election October 1187

The October 1187 papal election took place on October 21, 1187 after the death of Pope Urban III. instead of. It ended with the election of Cardinal Alberto Sartori di Morra as Pope Gregory VIII.

procedure

Pope Urban III. died in Ferrara on October 20, 1187 . The 13 cardinals present began the following day. There were three candidates for the papal throne: Heinrich von Marcy, Paolo Scolari and Alberto di Morra. Heinrich von Marcy rejected the papal tiara . Paolo Scolari dropped out due to a serious illness. Thus the papal chancellor Alberto di Morra was unanimously elected Pope on October 21, 1187.

Pope voters

At the death of Pope Urban III. there were believed to be 23 cardinals. Based on the signatures of the papal bulls in October 1187, it is believed that 13 cardinals took part in the election.

cardinal	place of birth	Cardinal title	Date of creation	Created by	annotation
Heinrich von Marcy , OCist	Château de Marcy, France	Cardinal Bishop of Albano	March 1179	Alexander III	He refused to be elected Pope.
Paolo Scolari	Rome	Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina	September 21, 1179	Alexander III	Archpriest of Santa Maria Maggiore Future Pope Clement III (1187–1191)
Theobald von Ostia , OSBCluny	France	Cardinal Bishop of Ostia	1184	Lucius III.
Alberto di Morra , CanRegPraem.	Benevento	Cardinal Priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina and Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church	December 21, 1156	Hadrian IV	Cardinal Protopriest Elected Pope Gregory VIII.
Pietro de Bono, CRSMR	Rome	Cardinal Priest of Santa Susanna	March 18, 1166	Alexander III
Laborante de Panormo	Pontormo	Cardinal priest of Santa Maria in Trastevere	September 21, 1173	Alexander III
Melior le Maitre, OSBVall	Pisa	Cardinal priest of Santi Giovanni e Paolo	March 16, 1185	Lucius III.	Camerlengo the Holy Roman Church
Adelardo Cattaneo	Verona	Cardinal Priest of San Marcello	March 16, 1185	Lucius III.	Future Cardinal Bishop of Verona (1188–1214)
Giacinto Bobone Orsini	Rome	Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin	December 22, 1144	Lucius II	Cardinal Protodeacon Future Pope Celestine III. (1191–1198)
Graziano da Pisa	Pisa	Cardinal Deacon of Santi Cosma e Damiano	March 4, 1178	Alexander III
Ottaviano di Paoli	Rome	Cardinal Deacon of Santi Sergio e Bacco	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.	Future Cardinal Bishop of Ostia e Velletri (1189–1206)
Pietro Diana	Piacenza	Cardinal Deacon of San Nicola in Carcere	March 16, 1185	Lucius III.
Radulf Nigellus	probably France	Cardinal Deacon of San Giorgio in Velabro	March 16, 1185	Lucius III.

Six cardianals were built by Pope Lucius III. created, five by Pope Alexander III. , one from Pope Lucius II and one from Pope Hadrian IV .

Absent cardinals

Presumably ten cardinals were absent:

cardinal	place of birth	Cardinal title	Date creation	Created by	annotation
Conrad I of Wittelsbach	Bavaria	Cardinal Bishop of Sabina Archbishop of Mainz	December 18, 1165	Alexander III	Cardinal Dean External cardinal
Giovanni Conti da Anagni	Anagni	Cardinal Priest of San Marco	1158/1159	Hadrian IV	Cardinal Protopriest Later Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina (1190–1196)
William of Blois	France	Cardinal priest of Santa Sabina Archbishop of Reims	March 1179	Alexander III	Minister of the Kingdom of France External cardinal
Ruggiero di San Severino	San Severino	Cardinal Priest of San Eusebio Archbishop of Benevento	Circa 1178-1180	Alexander III	External cardinal
Albino, CRSF	Gaeta (?)	Cardinal Priest of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.	Future Cardinal Bishop of Albano (1189–1197)
Pandolfo	Lucca	Cardinal priest of Santi XII Apostoli	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.
Soffredo	Pistoia	Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Via Lata	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.	Papal legate in France
Bobo	Rome	Cardinal Deacon of Sant'Angelo in Pescheria	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.	Papal legate in France Future Cardinal Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina (1189–1190)
Gerardo	Lucca	Cardinal Deacon of Sant'Adriano at the Roman Forum	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.	Papal Vicar Presumably cardinal depository of Lucius III.
Rolando	Pisa	Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Portico	March 16, 1185	Lucius III.	Former Elected Bishop of Dol (1177–1185)

Six of the absent were from Lucius III. created, three by Alexander III. and one of Hadrian IV.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ISRobinson, p 87
2. ↑ cf. IS Robinson, pp. 44 and 86-87; Kartusch, p. 30; Jaffé Philipp, Regesta. , Pp. 492-493, 528
3. ^ Jaffé Philipp, Regesta. , Pp. 492-493, 528

swell

• Philipp Jaffé: Regesta pontificum Romanum from condita Ecclesia ad annum after Christum natum MCXCVIII. Volume II, Leipzig 1888.
• Elfriede Kartusch: The College of Cardinals in the period from 1181–1227. Vienna 1948.
•  Ian Stuart Robinson: The Papacy, 1073–1198: Continuity and Innovation. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990, ISBN 0521264987 .