Pope election 1154

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The papal election in 1154 took place after the death of Pope Anastasius IV . It was through them that Nicholas Breakspeare was elected Hadrian IV , the only English pope.

choice

Pope Anastasius IV died on December 3, 1154 in Rome at an advanced age. The college of cardinals met the next day in St. Peter's Basilica and unanimously elected the Cardinal Bishop of Albano , Nicholas Breakspeare, the former papal legate in Scandinavia (1152-1153), as Pope. He gave himself the name Hadrian IV and was crowned on December 5th in St. Peter's Basilica .

Cardinal voters

In early December 1154 there were likely 30 cardinals, but no more than 25 took part in the election:

cardinal Cardinal title Created from Pope Remarks
Imar , OSBCluny Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum March 13, 1142 Innocent II Dean of the Holy Quorum
Guarino Foscari, CanReg Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina December 22, 1144 Lucius II
Nicholas Breakspeare , CanReg Cardinal Bishop of Albano December 16, 1149 Eugene III. Elected Pope Hadrian IV.
Hugo, OCist Cardinal Bishop of Ostia e Velletri December 21, 1151 Eugene III.
Gregorio della Suburra Cardinal Bishop of Sabina March 1, 1140 Innocent II
Cencio de Gregorio Cardinal Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina March 2, 1151 Eugene III.
Guido Florentinus Cardinal priest of Sant Crisogono 1139 Innocent II Cardinal Protopriest
Ubaldo Allucingoli Cardinal Priest of Santa Prassede December 16, 1138 Innocent II Future Pope Lucius III. (1181–1185)
Ottaviano de Monticelli Cardinal priest of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere February 25, 1138 Innocent II Future antipope Viktor IV (1159–1164)
Manfredo Cardinal priest of Santa Sabina December 17, 1143 Celestine II.
Ariberto Cardinal priest of Sant Anastasia December 17, 1143 Celestine II.
Astaldo degli Astalli Cardinal priest of Santa Prisca December 17, 1143 Celestine II.
Giulio Cardinal Priest of San Marcello May 19, 1144 Lucius II
Ubaldo Caccianemici , CanReg Cardinal Priest of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme May 19, 1144 Lucius II
Guido Puella Cardinal priest of Santa Pudenziana December 22, 1144 Lucius II
Bernard, CanReg Cardinal Priest of San Clemente December 22, 1144 Lucius II Archpriest of St. Peter's Basilica
Rolando Cardinal Priest of San Marco and Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church September 22, 1150 Eugene III. Future Pope Alexander III (1159–1181)
Gerard Cardinal priest of Sant Stefano in Monte Celio March 2, 1151 Eugene III.
Giovanni da Sutri Cardinal priest of Santi Giovanni e Paolo February 21, 1152 Eugene III.
Enrico da Pisa, OCist Cardinal priest of Santi Nereo e Achilleo February 21, 1152 Eugene III.
Giovanni Morrone Cardinal priest of Santi Silvestro e Martino ai Monti May 23, 1152 Eugene III.
Rodolfo Cardinal Deacon of Santa Lucia in Septisolio December 17, 1143 Celestine II.
Guido di Crema Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Portico Octaviae September 21, 1145 Eugene III. Future antipope Paschal III. (1164–1168)
Giovanni Gaderisio, CanReg Cardinal Deacon of Santi Sergio e Bacco September 22, 1150 Eugene III.
Ottone da Brescia Cardinal Deacon of San Nicola in Carcere February 21, 1152 Eugene III.

Five cardinals were created by Pope Innocent II , four by Pope Celestine II , five by Pope Lucius II and eleven by Pope Eugene III.

Absent

At least five cardinals did not participate in this election. Cardinal Giacinto Bobone was a papal legate in Spain from the spring of 1154 to the end of 1155 . Cardinal Odone Bonecase was a legate in France in 1154/1155. Gerard de Namur was a legate in Germany, while Ildebrando held this office in Lombardy. Abbot Rainaldo of Montecassino was also not present at the Roman Curia.

cardinal Cardinal title Created from Pope Remarks
Rainaldo di Collemezzo, OSBCas Cardinal priest of Santi Marcellino e Pietro about 1139–1141 Innocent II Abbot of Montecassino ( External Cardinal )
Odone bonecase Cardinal Deacon of San Giorgio in Velabro March 4, 1132 Innocent II Cardinal protodeacon; Papal legate in France
Giacinto Bobone Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin December 22, 1144 Lucius II Papal Legate in Spain; Future Pope Celestine III. (1191-98)
Gerard de Namur Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Portico Octaviae February 21, 1152 Eugene III. Papal legate in Germany
Ildebrando Grassi, CanReg Cardinal Deacon of Sant'Eustachio May 24, 1152 Eugene III. Apostolic Administrator of the Archdiocese of Modena ; papal legate in Lombardy

Remarks

  1. ^ Robinson, p. 78
  2. Assumption in Brixius, p. 23, with corrections based on Zenker, pp. 48–52, 79–82, 104–106
  3. Robinson, p. 147; Zenker, p. 163; on the date of his appointment as legate, see Jaffé, p. 656
  4. ^ Edmund Ernst, Hermann Stengel (ed.), Archive for Diplomatics: History of Writing, Seal and Heraldry , Böhlau-Verlag., 1987, p. 260; Zenker, p. 159.
  5. K. Maleczynski, Studia nad dokumentem polskim , Wrocław 1971, p. 233; Zenker, p. 179
  6. Zenker, p. 108
  7. Klaus Ganzer, The Development of the Foreign Cardinalate in the High Middle Ages , Tübingen 1963, p. 97.

literature

  • Ian Stuart Robinson: The Papacy, 1073-1198: Continuity and Innovation . Cambridge University Press, New York 1990, ISBN 0521264987 .
  • Philipp Jaffé: Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita Ecclesia ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII . Berolini, 1851 OCLC 931216205 .
  • Johannes M. Brixius: The members of the cardinal college from 1130–1181 . Strasbourg 1912, OCLC 162904228 .
  • Barbara Zenker: The members of the Cardinal College from 1130 to 1159 . Würzburg 1965, OCLC 1071013624 .

Web links