Election of the Pope 1145

The papal election in 1145 took place after the death of Pope Lucius II and ended with the election of Bernardus Paganelli as Eugene III. This was the first Cistercian to sit on Peter's chair.

Election of Eugene III.

During the pontificate of Pope Lucius II, Giordano Pierleoni, brother of antipope Anacletus II , was elected Senator of Rome. The Pope was asked to give up secular power over Rome. He took action against the rebels, was seriously injured and died on February 15, 1145 in Sant Gregorio . The cardinals met in San Cesareo in Palatio for the election and on the same day unanimously elected Bernardus Paganelli, a disciple of Bernard of Clairvaux , who was the Cistercian abbot of the Tre Fontane monastery near Rome and probably a member of the college of cardinals. He gave himself the name Eugene III. and, due to the hostile attitude of the Roman people, was the majority of the pontificate outside of Rome.

Cardinals

The college of cardinals in February 1145 probably consisted of 40 cardinals. These figures are based on the signatures on the papal bulls of the year 1145 and the data available on missions outside Rome. It can also be deduced from them that no more than 34 cardinals took part in the election.

cardinal	Cardinal title	Appointed	Pope	annotation
Corrado Demetri della Suburra	Cardinal Bishop of Sabina	1113/14	Paschal II.	Cardinal Dean Future Pope Anastasius IV (1153–1154)
Dietwin , OSB	Cardinal Bishop of Santa Rufina	around 1133	Innocent II
Pietro	Cardinal Bishop of Albano	September 17, 1143	Innocent II
Guarino Foscari, Can.Reg.	Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina	December 22, 1144	Lucius II
Rainiero	Cardinal priest of Santa Prisca	December 22, 1139	Innocent II
Gregorio della Suburra	Cardinal priest of Santa Maria in Trastevere	March 1, 1140	Innocent II
Tommaso	Cardinal Priest of San Vitale	March 1, 1140	Innocent II
Gilberto	Cardinal Priest of San Marco	March 13, 1142	Innocent II
Niccolo	Cardinal priest of Sant Ciriaco	March 13, 1142	Innocent II
Manfredo	Cardinal priest of Santa Sabina	December 17, 1143	Celestine II.
Guido de Summa	Cardinal priest of Sant Lorenzo in Damaso	December 17, 1143	Celestine II.
Ariberto	Cardinal priest of Sant Anastasia	December 17, 1143	Celestine II.
Ugo Novariensis	Cardinal priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina	December 17, 1143	Celestine II.
Giulio	Cardinal priest of Sant Marcello	May 19, 1144	Lucius II
Ubaldo Caccianemici , Can.Reg.	Cardinal Priest of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme	May 19, 1144	Lucius II
Robert Pullen	Cardinal Priest of San Martino	December 22, 1144	Lucius II	Chancellor of the Holy Church
Guido Puella, Can.Reg.	Cardinal priest of Santa Pudenziana	December 22, 1144	Lucius II
Villano Gaetani	Cardinal priest of Sant Stefano in Monte Celio	December 22, 1144	Lucius II	Future Archbishop of Pisa (1146–1175)
Gregorio Tarquini	Cardinal Deacon of Santi Sergio e Bacco	March 9, 1123	Calixt II.	Cardinal Protodeacon
Odone bonecase	Cardinal Deacon of San Giorgio in Velabro	March 4, 1132	Innocent II
Guido Pisano	Cardinal Deacon of Santi Cosma e Damiano	March 4, 1132	Innocent II
Ottaviano de Monticelli	Cardinal Deacon of San Nicola in Carcere	February 25, 1138	Innocent II	Future antipope Victor IV (1159–1164)
Guido de Castro Ficeclo	Cardinal Deacon of the Holy Roman Church	1139	Innocent II
Pietro	Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Portico	September 19, 1141	Innocent II
Gregorio	Cardinal Deacon of Sant'Angelo in Pescheria	December 17, 1143	Celestine II.
Astaldo degli Astalli	Cardinal Deacon of Sant'Eustachio	December 17, 1143	Celestine II.
Giovanni Caccianemici, Can. Reg.	Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria Nuova	December 17, 1143	Celestine II.
Giovanni Paparoni	Cardinal Deacon of Sant'Adriano	December 17, 1143	Celestine II.
Rodolfo	Cardinal Deacon of Santa Lucia in Septisolio	December 17, 1143	Celestine II.
Berardo	Cardinal deacon	May 19, 1144	Lucius II
Giacinto Bobone	Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin	December 22, 1144	Lucius II	Future Pope Celestine III. (1191–1198)
Cinzio	Cardinal Deacon of the Holy Roman Church	December 22, 1144	Lucius II
Jordan, OCarth	Cardinal Deacon of the Holy Roman Church	December 22, 1144	Lucius II
Bernard, Can Reg.	Cardinal Deacon of the Holy Roman Church	December 22, 1144	Lucius II

Thirteen cardinals were created by Pope Innocent II , nine by Celestine II , eleven by Lucius II, one by Pope Calixt II and one by Pope Paschal II .

Absent

cardinal	Cardinal title	Appointed	Pope	annotation
Alberic de Beauvais, OSBCluny	Cardinal Bishop of Ostia	April 3, 1138	Innocent II	Papal legate in France
Imar from Tusculum , OSBCluny	Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum	March 13, 1142	Innocent II	Papal Legate in England
Guido Florentinus	Cardinal priest of Sant Crisogono	1139	Innocent II	Cardinal proto-priests ; Papal legate in Lombardy
Rainaldo di Collemezzo, OSBCas	Cardinal priest of Santi Marcellino e Pietro	about 1139–1141	Innocent II	Abbot of Montecassino (External Cardinal)
Ubaldo Allucingoli	Cardinal Priest of Santa Prassede	December 16, 1138	Innocent II	Papal Legate in Lombardy; Future Pope Lucius III. (1181–1185)
Ubaldo	Cardinal priest of Santi Giovanni e Paolo	December 19, 1141	Innocent II	Papal legate in Poland and Denmark

Individual evidence

↑ See Bernhardi, pp. 451-452; Robinson, p. 78; and The Catholic Encyclopedia
^ Robinson, p. 78
↑ Bernhardi, p. 453; Jaffé, p. 20
↑ Jaffé, pp. 7 and 20
↑ Zenker, p. 18; he did not sign any papal bulls between May 30, 1144 and November 18, 1145 (Jaffé, pp. 7 and 20)
↑ Zenker, pp. 44-45; he did not sign any papal bulls between December 19, 1144 and November 18, 1145 (Jaffé, pp. 7 and 20)
↑ Kehr, vol. VI / 1, p. XXVIII and vol. VI / 2, p. XXI; he did not sign any papal bulls between May 1144 and April 1145 (Jaffé, pp. 7 and 20)
↑ Zenker, pp. 191-192
↑ Kehr, vol. VI / 1, p. XXVIII and vol. VI / 2, p. XXI; Karol Maleczyński, Studia nad dokumentem polskim , Wrocław 1971, p. 61. He did not sign any papal bulls between April 30, 1144 and December 21, 1145 (Jaffé, p. 7 and 20)
↑ Karol Maleczyński, Studia nad dokumentem polskim , Wrocław 1971, pp. 55–76; he did not sign any papal bulls between February 19, 1144 and October 9, 1145 (Jaffé, pp. 1, 7 and 20)

swell

Horn, Michael (1992). Studies on the history of Pope Eugen III. (1145-1153). Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang Verlag.
Jaffé, Phillipp (1888). Regesta pontificum Romanorum from condita Ecclesia ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII, Leipzig.
Kehr, Paul Fridolin (1906–1975). Regesta pontificum Romanorum. Italia Pontificia.
Robinson, Ian Stuart (1990). The Papacy 1073-1198. Continuity and Innovation. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge University Press. 0-521-31922-6
Zenker, Barbara (1964). The members of the Cardinal College from 1130 to 1159, Würzburg.
Brixius, Johannes Matthias (1912). The members of the Cardinal College from 1130–1181, Berlin: R. Trenkel.
Bernhardi, Wilhelm (1883). Conrad III. Leipzig: Verlag von Dunder & Humblot.

[1] See Bernhardi, pp. 451-452; Robinson, p. 78; and The Catholic Encyclopedia

[2] Robinson, p. 78

[3] Bernhardi, p. 453; Jaffé, p. 20

[4] Jaffé, pp. 7 and 20

[5] Zenker, p. 18; he did not sign any papal bulls between May 30, 1144 and November 18, 1145 (Jaffé, pp. 7 and 20)

[6] Zenker, pp. 44-45; he did not sign any papal bulls between December 19, 1144 and November 18, 1145 (Jaffé, pp. 7 and 20)

[7] Kehr, vol. VI / 1, p. XXVIII and vol. VI / 2, p. XXI; he did not sign any papal bulls between May 1144 and April 1145 (Jaffé, pp. 7 and 20)

[8] Zenker, pp. 191-192

[9] Kehr, vol. VI / 1, p. XXVIII and vol. VI / 2, p. XXI; Karol Maleczyński, Studia nad dokumentem polskim , Wrocław 1971, p. 61. He did not sign any papal bulls between April 30, 1144 and December 21, 1145 (Jaffé, p. 7 and 20)

[10] Karol Maleczyński, Studia nad dokumentem polskim , Wrocław 1971, pp. 55–76; he did not sign any papal bulls between February 19, 1144 and October 9, 1145 (Jaffé, pp. 1, 7 and 20)