Pope election 1261

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The papal election of 1261 (May 26th - August 29th) took place after the death of Alexander IV on May 25th; the cardinals opted for the French Jacques Pantaléon, until then Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem and not a cardinal. The new Pope chose the name Urban IV. Since Pope Alexander had lived in Viterbo since the first week of May 1261 , the meeting of the cardinals to elect his successor took place in the Episcopal Palace of Viterbo, which was next to the Cathedral of San Lorenzo . The actual date of the start of the electoral assembly (no conclave has yet been reached ) is unknown. If the canon of Pope Boniface III. (A.D. 607) was still in force (and there is no reason to believe that it was not), the election could not begin until the third day after the Pope's funeral.

background

Alexander IV had unwisely continued the policy of hostility against the Hohenstaufen , which was led by Pope Gregory IX. had started. From 1254 to 1258 Konradin was King of Sicily , who was then ousted by his uncle and guardian Manfred . This did not correspond to the ideas of Pope Alexander, who claimed sovereignty over southern Italy and Sicily and the guardianship of the young Konradin. Immediately after his accession to the throne (Manfred crowned himself on August 10, 1258 in Palermo ) , Alexander excommunicated Manfred.

Cardinals

Pope Alexander IV (1254–1261), who had opposed the indictment of nepotism against his predecessor Innocent IV , had not appointed cardinals. Two cardinals besides Alexander himself had died since the last election in 1254 ( Gil Torres and Guglielmo Fieschi ); otherwise the voters were equal.

cardinal origin rank title Appointed on by Remarks
Odo of Châteauroux , Castro Radulfi, O.Cist. Archdiocese of Bourges Cardinal Bishop Bishop of Tusculum (Frascati) May 28, 1244 Innocent IV.
John of Toledo England Cardinal priest Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina May 28, 1244 Innocent IV. A supporter of Heinrich III. from England ; served the Roman Curia for 60 years
István Báncsa Hungary Cardinal Bishop Bishop of Palestrina December 1251 Innocent IV. Archbishop of Esztergom (1243–1254)
Hugo of Saint-Cher , OP Vienne (Isere) Cardinal priest Santa Sabina May 28, 1244 Innocent IV. Legacy in Germany 1253
Riccardo Annibaldi Rome Cardinal deacon Sant'Angelo in Pescheria 1237 Gregory IX.
Ottaviano Ubaldini Florence Cardinal deacon Santa Maria in Via Lata May 28, 1244 Innocent IV. Apostolic legate in Sicily from January 1255.
Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Rome Cardinal deacon San Nicola in Carcere May 28, 1244 Innocent IV. later Pope Nicholas III.
Ottobono Fieschi Genoa Cardinal deacon Sant'Adriano al Foro December 1251 Innocent IV. later Pope Hadrian V

Remarks

  1. ↑ Cristofori, pp. 217–275, and on Alexander IV's grave, pp. 277–285.
  2. ↑ Liber Pontificalis , in Monumenta Germaniae Historica Scriptorum Volume 5 (Hanover: Impensiis Bibliopolae Aulici Hanniani, 1844), p. 164 (edition by Theodor Mommsen )
  3. ↑ Annales Sancti Justinae Patavini in Georg Heinrich Pertz (eds.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica Scriptorum Volume 19, pp 181: Iste toto tempore sui regiminis nullum constituit cardinalem; nam cum quidam de cardinalibus edificare Syon in sanguinibus affectaret, quidam vero vellent viros ydoneos doctorate, ipse licet haberet plenitudinem potestatis, timore tamen scandali neutram partem voluit exaudire . JP Adams, Sede Vacante of 1261 online

literature

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  • Karl Hampe , "Urban IV and Manfred (1261-1264)", (Heidelberg: Carl Winter 1905).
  • August Karst, History of Manfred from the death of Frederick II to his coronation (1250-1258) (Berlin: E. Ebering 1897).
  • Guido Levi, "Il Cardinale Ottaviano degli Ubaldini, secondo il suo carteggio ed altri documenti," Archivio della Società Romana di storia patria 14 (1891), pp. 231-303.
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  • Agostino Paravicini Bagliani, Cardinali di curia e "familiae" cardinaliste, dal 1227 al 1254 , volume 2 (Padua 1972).
  • Agostino Paravicini Bagliani, "Gregorio da Napoli, biografo di Urbano IV," Römische Historische Mitteilungen 11 (1969), pp. 59-78.
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  • Franz Tenckhoff, Pope Alexander IV (Paderborn 1907).
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