1903 conclave
The 1903 conclave met from July 31 to August 4, 1903, after Pope Leo XIII. died on July 20, 1903 after more than 25 years in office. The Archbishop and Patriarch of Venice Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, who took the name Pius X , was elected.
procedure
The conclave was held in the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican, with seven rounds of voting required. The cardinals Girolamo Maria Gotti, Angelo Di Pietro, Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto and Serafino Vannutelli were rated as papabili . Favorite, however, was the (still incumbent) Cardinal Secretary of State Leos XIII. Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro , who was clearly ahead in the first two ballots. After Jan had informed Cardinal Puzyna de Kosielsko on behalf of Emperor Franz Joseph I that he was claiming the right of the exclusive and vetoed the election of Rampolla , Andrea Carlo presented Cardinal Ferrari with Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto as a compromise candidate. After five more rounds of voting, he was elected with 55 votes, 13 more than necessary. In 1904 the newly elected Pope forbade any further exercise of the exclusive rights.
Participating cardinals
38 of the 62 participating cardinals were from Italy; only James Gibbons , the Archbishop of Baltimore , was a novelty in the history of the conclave with his participation as a non-European cardinal. Brothers Serafino and Vincenzo Vannutelli were among the participants .
In addition to the Papal States, Cardinal Chamberlain Domenico Cardinal Ferrata was in charge of the convening and holding of the conclave during the vacancy. The Secretary of the Conclave was the later Cardinal Secretary of State Rafael Merry del Val .
- Italy : Antonio Agliardi
- Italy : Andrea Aiuti
- Italy : Bartolomeo Bacilieri
- Italy : Giulio Boschi
- Italy : Alfonso Capecelatro
- Italy : Giovanni Battista Casali del Drago
- Spain : Salvador Casañas i Pagès
- Italy : Francesco di Paola Cassetta
- Italy : Felice Cavagnis
- Italy : Beniamino Cavicchioni
- France : Pierre-Hector Coullié
- Italy : Serafino Cretoni
- Italy : Francesco Salesio Della Volpe
- Italy : Angelo Di Pietro
- Italy : Andrea Carlo Ferrari
- Italy : Domenico Ferrata
- German Empire : Anton Fischer
- Italy : Giuseppe Francica-Nava de Bontifè
- Italy : Casimiro Gennari
- United States : James Gibbons
- Belgium : Pierre-Lambert Goossens
- Italy : Girolamo Maria Gotti OCD
- Austria-Hungary : Anton Joseph Gruscha
- Spain : Sebastián Herrero y Espinosa de los Monteros CO
- Austria-Hungary : Johannes Baptist Katschthaler
- German Empire : Georg von Kopp
- France : Joseph-Guillaume Labouré
- France : Benoît-Marie Langénieux
- France : Victor Lécot
- United Kingdom : Michael Logue
- Italy : Luigi Macchi
- Italy : Achille Manara
- Spain : José María Martín de Herrera y de la Iglesia
- Italy : Sebastiano Martinelli OESA
- France : François-Désiré Mathieu
- Italy : Mario Mocenni , Bishop of Sabina
- Portugal : José Sebastião Neto OFM
- Italy : Carlo Nocella
- Italy : Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano , Cardinal Dean
- France : Adolphe Perraud CO
- Italy : Raffaele Pierotti OP
- Italy : Gennaro Portanova
- Italy : Giuseppe Prisco , Archbishop of Naples
- Austria-Hungary : Jan Puzyna de Kosielsko
- Italy : Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro
- Italy : Pietro Respighi
- France : François-Marie-Benjamin Richard
- Italy : Agostino Richelmy
- Italy : Alessandro Sanminiatelli Zabarella
- Spain : Ciriaco María Sancha y Hervás
- Italy : Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto (elected to Pius X)
- Italy : Francesco di Paola Satolli
- Italy : Francesco Segna
- Austria-Hungary : Leo Skrbenský von Hříště
- German Empire : Andreas Steinhuber SJ
- Italy : Domenico Svampa , Archbishop of Bologna
- Italy : Emidio Taliani
- Italy : Luigi Tripepi
- Italy : Serafino Vannutelli
- Italy : Vincenzo Vannutelli
- Austria-Hungary : Kolos Ferenc Vaszary OSB
- Spain : José de Calasanz Félix Santiago Vives y Tutó OFMCap
Absent cardinals
Pietro Michelangelo Cardinal Celesia OSB from Palermo was unable to attend due to health reasons ; Due to the long journey, the Archbishop of Sydney , Francis Patrick Cardinal Moran , reached Rome only after the election.
Distribution by state
The cardinals present came from the following countries:
country | cardinals present |
---|---|
Italy | 38 |
France | 7th |
Spain , Austria-Hungary | 5 |
German Empire | 3 |
Portugal , Belgium , United States , United Kingdom | 1 |
Distribution by continents
continent | cardinals present |
---|---|
Europe | 61 |
Latin America | 0 |
Canada and USA | 1 |
Asia | 0 |
Australia and Oceania | 0 |
Africa | 0 |
Web links
- Conclave of July 31 - August 4, 1903. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed February 4, 2016.
- List of participating cardinals on apostolische-nachstieg.de
- SEDE VACANTE 1903