Election of the Pope in 1185

The papal election in 1185 took place on November 25, 1185 after the death of Pope Lucius III. instead of. It ended with the election of Cardinal Uberto Crivelli from Milan as Pope. He gave himself the name Urban III.

procedure

Pope Lucius III died on November 25, 1185 at an advanced age in Verona . On the same day, the eighteen cardinals present at the deathbed met to elect a successor. The majority of voters came from northern Italy and consisted mainly of the radical anti-imperial faction. The moderate cardinals, which consisted predominantly of Romans , were absent. Under these conditions, the cardinals present quickly agreed on the northern Italian Uberto Civelle from Milan. Within a few hours of the death of Lucius III. was with Urban III. a successor elected. Urban III. was crowned Pope on December 1, 1185 in Verona. He retained the administration of the Archdiocese of Milan even after his election as Pope.

Cardinals

After the death of Lucius III. there were probably 26 cardinals. Based on the countersignature of the Papal Bulls between November 11 and December 16, 1185, the following cardinals were present at the election:

cardinal	nation	Cardinal title	Date creation	Created by	annotation
Konrad von Wittelsbach	Bavaria	Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and Archbishop of Mainz	December 18, 1165	Alexander III	Cardinal Dean
Teodino de Arrone	Arrone	Cardinal Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina	December 18, 1165	Alexander III
Heinrich von Marcy , OCist	Château de Marcy, France	Cardinal Bishop of Albano	March 1179	Alexander III
Thibaud , OSB Cluny	France	Cardinal Bishop of Ostia e Velletri	1184	Lucius III.
Alberto di Morra , CanRegPraem.	Benevento	Cardinal Priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina and Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church	December 21, 1156	Hadrian IV	Cardinal Protopriest Future Pope Gregory VIII (1187)
Giovanni Conti da Anagni	Anagni	Cardinal Priest of San Marco	1158/1159	Hadrian IV	Future Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina (1190–1196)
Laborante de Panormo	Pontormo near Florence	Cardinal priest of Santa Maria in Trastevere	September 21, 1173	Alexander III
Uberto Crivelli	Milan	Cardinal Priest of San Lorenzo in Damaso and Archbishop of Milan	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.	Elected Pope Urban III.
Pandolfo	Lucca	Cardinal priest of Santi XII Apostoli	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.
Albino, CRSF	Gaeta (?)	Cardinal Priest of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.	Future Cardinal Bishop of Albano (1189–1197)
Melior le Maitre, OSBVall	Pisa	Cardinal priest of Santi Giovanni e Paolo	March 16, 1185	Lucius III.	Camerlengo
Adelardo Cattaneo	Verona	Cardinal Priest of San Marcello	March 16, 1185	Lucius III.	Future Cardinal Bishop of Verona (1188–1214)
Ardicio Rivoltella	Rivoltella near Cremona	Cardinal Deacon of San Teodoro	December 21, 1156	Hadrian IV
Graziano da Pisa	Pisa	Cardinal Deacon of Santi Cosma e Damiano	March 4, 1178	Alexander III
Soffredo	Pistoia	Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Via Lata	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.
Pietro Diana	Piacenza	Cardinal Deacon of San Nicola in Carcere	March 16, 1185	Lucius III.
Radulf Nigellus	probably France	Cardinal Deacon of San Giorgio in Velabro	March 16, 1185	Lucius III.
Rolando	Pisa	Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Portico	March 16, 1185	Lucius III.	Former Bishop Select of Dol (1177–1185)

Ten cardinals were given by Pope Lucius III. created, five by Pope Alexander III. and two from Pope Hadrian IV.

Absent cardinals

cardinal	nation	Cardinal title	Date creation	Created by	annotation
Paolo Scolari	Rome	Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina	September 21, 1179	Alexander III	Archpriest of Santa Maria Maggiore Future Pope Clement III. (1187–1191)
Pietro de Bono, CRSMR	Rome	Cardinal Priest of Santa Susanna	March 18, 1166	Alexander III
Ruggiero di San Severino	San Severino	Cardinal Priest of Sant'Eusebio and Archbishop of Benevento	Around 1178/80	Alexander III	External cardinal
William of Blois	France	Cardinal Priest of Santa Sabina and Archbishop of Reims	March 1179	Alexander III	Minister of France External cardinal
Giacinto Bobone Orsini	Rome	Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin	December 22, 1144	Lucius II	Cardinal Protodeacon Future Pope Celestine III (1191–1198)
Bobo	Rome	Cardinal Deacon of Sant'Angelo in Pescheria	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.	Future Cardinal Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina (1189–1190)
Ottaviano di Paoli	Rome	Cardinal Deacon of Santi Sergio e Bacco	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.	Future Cardinal Bishop of Ostia e Velletri (1189–1206)
Gerardo	Lucca	Cardinal Deacon of Sant'Adriano	December 18, 1182	Lucius III.	Papal Vicar of Rome; Cardinal depository (?) Of Lucius III.

Four cardinals were made by Alexander III. created, three by Lucius III., one by Hadrian IV and one by Pope Lucius II.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ISRobinson, p 86
2. ↑ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Urban III. Retrieved October 8, 2018 . 
3. ^ IS Robinson, pp. 44 and 86
4. ^ Philipp Jaffé, Regesta. , Pp. 431-432, 492-493.

swell

• Philipp Jaffé: Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita Ecclesia ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII . tape 2 . Leipzig 1888.
• Elfriede Kartusch: The College of Cardinals in the period from 1181–1227 . Vienna 1948.
• Ian Stuart Robinson: The Papacy, 1073-1198: Continuity and Innovation . Cambridge University Press, New York, ISBN 0-521-26498-7 .