Conclave 1591
The 1591 conclave met after the death of Pope Gregory XIV († October 16, 1591 ) and met from October 27 to 29, 1591 in Rome . It took only two days and chose Innocent IX. to the Pope.
College of Cardinals
When Pope Gregory XIV died, the college of cardinals numbered 65 cardinals.
Attendees
The 56 cardinals attending the conclave were:
- Alfonso Gesualdo , Cardinal Bishop of Ostia e Velletri , Cardinal Dean
- Innico d'Avalos d 'Aragona OS , Cardinal Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina , Cardinal Subdean
- Marco Antonio Colonna seniore , Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina
- Tolomeo Gallio , Cardinal Bishop of Frascati
- Gabriele Paleotti , Archbishop of Bologna and Cardinal Bishop of Sabina
- Michele Bonelli OP , Cardinal Bishop of Albano
- Girolamo Simoncelli
- Markus Sittikus of Hohenems
- Ludovico Madruzzo
- Giulio Antonio Santorio
- Girolamo Rusticucci
- Nicolas de Pellevé , Archbishop of Sens
- Andreas of Austria , Bishop of Brixen and Constance
- Pedro de Deza
- Giovanni Vincenzo Gonzaga , O.Hosp.S.Joh.Hieros.
- Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti de Nucce .
- Alessandro Ottaviano de 'Medici , Archbishop of Florence
- François de Joyeuse , Archbishop of Toulouse
- Giulio Canani , Bishop of Adriatic
- Antonmaria Salviati
- Agostino Valier , Bishop of Verona
- Vincenzo Lauro
- Filippo Spinola
- Jerzy Radziwill , Bishop of Vilnius
- Simeone Tagliavia d'Aragonia
- Scipione Lancellotti
- Francesco Sforza
- Alessandro Damasceni Perretti
- Enrico Caetani
- Giovanni Battista Castrucci
- Domenico Pinelli senior
- Ippolito Aldobrandini seniore , cardinal major penitentiary
- Girolamo della Rovere , Archbishop of Turin
- Girolamo Bernerio OP, Bishop of Ascoli Piceno
- Antonio Maria Gallo , Bishop of Osimo
- Costanzo as Sarnano , OFM Conv
- Girolamo Mattei
- Benedetto Giustiniani
- Ascanio Colonna
- William Allen
- Scipione Gonzaga
- Antonmaria Sauli
- Giovanni Evangelista Pallotta , Pro- Datarius of His Holiness
- Juan Hurtado de Mendoza
- Federico Borromeo seniore
- Gianfrancesco Morosini , Bishop of Brescia
- Agostino Cusani
- Francesco Maria Bourbon del Monte Santa Maria
- Mariano Pierbenedetti
- Gregorio Petrocchini OESA
- Guido Pepoli
- Paolo Emilio Sfondrati
- Ottavio Paravicini , Bishop of Alessandria
- Ottavio d'Aquaviva d'Aragona seniore
- Odoardo Farnese
- Flaminio Piatti
Cardinals not participating in the conclave
The following nine cardinals could not take part in the conclave:
- Albrecht of Austria
- Gaspar de Quiroga y Vela , Archbishop of Toledo
- Rodrigo de Castro Osorio , Archbishop of Seville
- Charles de Bourbon de Vendôme , Archbishop of Rouen
- Andreas Báthory , Bishop of Warmia
- Philippe de Lénoncourt
- Pierre de Gondi , Bishop of Paris
- Hughes de Loubenx de Verdalle OSIo.Hieros.
- Charles de Lorraine-Vaudémont , Bishop of Metz
Cardinal uprisings
The cardinals present in the conclave were elevated to cardinalate by the following popes:
- 5 cardinals of Pope Gregory XIV.
- 24 cardinals from Pope Sixtus V.
- 15 cardinals of Pope Gregory XIII.
- 4 cardinals of Pope Pius V.
- 7 cardinals of Pope Pius IV
- 1 cardinal of Pope Julius III.
Remarks
- ↑ Was elected Pope and took the name Innocent IX. on
- ↑ Became Pope in 1605 and took the name Leo XI. on
- ↑ Became Pope in 1592 and took the name Clement VIII
course
At the beginning of the conclave on October 27, the Bishop of Bergamo Cirolamo Ragazzoni gave the address to the Holy College. In it he described the tasks that the future Pope had to fulfill: Continuing the reform in implementation of the resolutions of the Council of Trent , especially the enforcement of the Residenzpflicht , combating Protestantism advancing in France and averting a famine in all of Italy. The cardinals Madruzzo, Sfondrato and Facchinetti were considered promising candidates.
The first vote took place on October 28th in the Cappella Paolina and already showed a clear majority for Cardinal Facchinetti. After this ballot, Cardinal Madruzzo declined to run again and supported Cardinal Facchinetti. On October 29th, the sick Cardinal Colonna had himself carried to an interview with Cardinal Mendoza. In the following vote, Cardinal Facchinetti received 28 votes and thus exactly half of all cardinals present. In a subsequent conversation between Mendoza and Montalto in the Sistine Chapel, the latter again campaigned for the election of Cardinal Santori. Eventually, Cardinal Mendoza convinced the reluctant Cardinal Montalto, and on the late evening of October 29, 1591, the 72-year-old Giovanni Antonio Cardinal Facchinetti de Nucce was elected Pope. He took the name Innocent IX. on. His coronation on November 3, 1591 ended a sedis vacancy of 18 days.
literature
- Ludwig von Pastor : History of the Popes since the end of the Middle Ages. Volume 10: Sixtus V, Urban VII, Gregory XIV and Innocent IX. (1585–1591) 9th, unchanged edition, Verlag Herder, Freiburg and Rome 1958, pp. 574–579.
Web links
- Conclave of October 27 to 29, 1591. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed April 18, 2017.
- Entry for Conclave 1591 on catholic-hierarchy.org , viewed April 18, 2017
- Conclave of October 27-29, 1591 for the election of Pope Innocent IX. In: Vaticanhistory. January 5, 2006, accessed April 18, 2017 .