Conclave 1644
The 1644 conclave was an electoral assembly of the cardinals to elect the successor to Pope Urban VIII and took place from August 9 to September 15, 1644. It chose Giovanni Battista Pamphilj the Pope , who the name of Innocent X adopted.
history
Influence of Urban VIII.
The pontificate of Urban VIII, which included the Castro Wars , had been very difficult financially for Rome. In addition, the situation was generally tense due to the conflict between France and Spain for supremacy in the church and the Thirty Years' War , which is why a compromise candidate was sought who could bring peace and stability to the church.
Due to Urban VIII nepotism , several family members - u. a. Francesco Barberini and Antonio Barberini - in the Curia who were interested in keeping the power and wealth that had come through the pontificate.
Division of the conclave
Since Urban VIII was very Francophile , the mood in the conclave was on the side of the Spaniards from the start. While Francesco joined the Spanish, Antonio sided with the French with Cardinal Mazarin .
Thus, instead of cooperating, the brothers opposed each other and shared the conclave. Antonio sent Giulio Cesare Sacchetti as a candidate, who was hardly successful. Francesco nominated Giovanni Battista Pamphili with a similar outcome.
There was a stalemate as the brothers tried to win against each other. Antonio tried with all possible means to get the Spanish cardinals to divert and vote for Sacchetti and offered them offices in addition to money and land. The French ambassador almost reached an agreement, but he tried to take further advantage of the business. So he asked for 20,000 doubloons as an agency fee , which Antonio angrily refused.
Choice pamphilis
So it came about that the candidate of the Spaniards Giovanni Battista Pamphili was elected. In return, the Barberini family was promised the protection of King Philip IV of Spain .
Attendees
- Marcello Lante della Rovere , Cardinal Dean
- Pier Paolo Crescenzi , Cardinal Subdean
- Giambattista Pamphili (was elected Pope Innocent X in the conclave)
- Francesco Cennini de 'Salamandri
- Guido Bentivoglio d'Aragona (died on September 7th during the conclave)
- Giulio Roma
- Luigi Capponi
- Gaspar de Borja y Velasco
- Alfonso de la Cueva-Benavides y Mendoza-Carrillo
- Antonio Marcello Barberini (brother of Pope Urban VIII)
- Ernst Adalbert von Harrach
- Bernardino Spada
- Federico Baldissera Bartolomeo Cornaro
- Giulio Cesare Sacchetti
- Giandomenico Spinola
- Gil Carrillo de Albornoz
- Alphonse-Louis du Plessis de Richelieu
- Giovanni Battista Maria Pallotta
- Ciriaco Rocci
- Cesare Monti
- Francesco Maria Brancaccio
- Alessandro Bichi
- Ulderico Carpegna
- Stefano Durazzo
- Marco Antonio Franciotti
- Francesco Maria Macchiavelli
- Ascanio Filomarino
- Marco Antonio Bragadin
- Pier Donato Cesi
- Girolamo Verospi
- Vincenzo Maculani
- Francesco Peretti di Montalto
- Giovanni Giacomo Panciroli
- Fausto Poli
- Lelio Falconieri
- Gaspare Mattei (left the conclave due to illness)
- Cesare Facchinetti
- Girolamo Grimaldi-Cavalleroni
- Carlo Rossetti
- Giambattista Altieri
- Mario Theodoli
- Francesco Angelo Rapaccioli
- Francesco Adriano Ceva
- Angelo Giori
- Juan de Lugo y de Quiroga
- Carlo di Ferdinando de 'Medici
- Francesco Barberini ( Cardinal depository of Pope Urban VIII)
- Marzio Ginetti
- Antonio Barberini (Cardinal Depot of Pope Urban VIII)
- Girolamo Colonna
- Giangiacomo Teodoro Trivulzio
- Giulio Gabrielli (left the conclave due to illness)
- Rinaldo d'Este
- Vincenzo Costaguti
- Giovanni Stefano Donghi
- Paolo Emilio Rondinini
- Achille d'Étampes de Valençay
Absent cardinals
- François de la Rochefoucald
- Baltasar Moscoso y Sandoval
- Agustín Spínola Basadone
- Jules Raymond Mazarin
- Virginio Orsini
literature
- Valérie Pirie: The Triple Crown: An Account of the Papal Conclaves.
- Lilian H. Zirpolo: Ave Papa / Ave Papabile: the Sacchetti family, their art patronage, and political aspirations. 2005.
Web links
- Conclave of August 9 to September 15, 1644. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed July 27, 2016.
- Entry for conclave 1644 on catholic-hierarchy.org ; accessed on July 27, 2016.