Pęciszewo
| Pęciszewo | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | ||
| Powiat : | Braniewo | ||
| Gmina : | Braniewo | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 25 ′ N , 19 ° 59 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 79 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 55 | ||
| License plate : | NBR | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Żelazna Góra → Pęciszewo | ||
| Pęciszewo → Wilki | |||
| Rail route : | no rail connection | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
| Kaliningrad | |||
Pęciszewo ( German Waltersdorf, district Heiligenbeil / East Prussia ) is a small village in the north-west of the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . It belongs to the rural community Braniewo in the Powiat Braniewski ( Braunsberg ).
Geographical location
Pęciszewo is two kilometers south of the state border between Poland and the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad (Königsberg region) and can be reached via a side road from Żelazna Góra ( Eisenberg ). The road ends today because of the border course in Pęciszewo and before 1945 led to Heiligenbeil (today Russian: Mamonowo), the former district town, seven kilometers away . In the village, a small road branches off to the remote village of Wilki ( Birkenau ). Today's Polish expressway S 22 , built as a section of the Reichsautobahn Berlin-Königsberg (from the Polish-Russian border, then the trunk road P 516 ) passes on the south-eastern edge of the town .
history
The place previously called Waltersdorf was a typical rural village that runs in an east-west direction. It was first mentioned in a document on September 2, 1355. The locator and first Schulze was Ditmar de Waltheri Villa , from whose name the German place name is likely to be derived.
In the unrest of the city war (1454–1466) Waltersdorf is said to have suffered a lot from the passage of various groups of soldiers. After the end of the war it was pawned to a mercenary leader, but could be ransomed by the villagers in 1487. In the equestrian war (1519–1521) Waltersdorf suffered from arson.
On January 27, 1601, the local farmers joined forces for the “Waltersdorfer Compensation”, an insurance policy in which the villagers undertake to provide building materials and seeds to those who had been burned down or who had been stolen to a large extent, in order to support them in rebuilding and starting over .
On June 11, 1874, the Waltersdorf district was formed. This included the ten rural communities: Grünwalde (today Russian: Lipowka), Heidenhof (today Polish: Wrzosek), Kleinwalde (Borek), Neu Bahnau (Nowe Banowo), Preuschhof (Prusowo), Rehfeld (Grzechotki), Różanka, Thomsdorf (today in Russia, no longer existent) and Waltersdorf. Due to restructuring and incorporation, only the six municipalities of Birkenau (Wilki), Grünwalde, Kleinwalde, Rehfeld, Thomsdorf and Waltersdorf remained from 1931 to 1945.
In 1910 Waltersdorf had 579 inhabitants. Their number sank to 528 by 1933 and was 471 in 1939.
The county Waltersdorf belonged until 1945 to the district Heiligenbeil in the administrative district of Kaliningrad in the Prussian province of East Prussia .
The place called Pęciszewo has been Polish since 1945. With its current population of 79, it is part of the rural community of Braniewo in the Braniewski powiat in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (1975 to 1998 Elbląg Voivodeship ).
Religions
Parish church
The Waltersdorfer Church, located on a hill in the middle of the village, was first mentioned in the first half of the 14th century. The nave was made of field stones with brick corners, windows and doors were framed with bricks. At the turn of the 14th to the 15th century, the church received a choir and a southern porch.
In 1537 the church got a 30 meter high tower. Before 1945, there were still two bells from 1495 in it, which were previously probably hung in a wooden frame that stood apart. They had to be delivered for ammunition purposes in the First World War .
The sacristy was added to the nave in the north. The choir and the south aisle were given massive vaults at the beginning of the 16th century.
During World War II , the church burned down completely and the ceilings collapsed. The architecturally valuable west gable, which was praised far beyond Waltersdorf, finally collapsed during a storm in 1982. The tower was struck by lightning on March 7, 1961 and cremated. Today the sacristy is still recognizable and the granite baptismal font from the 15th century is still there. A chapel has been set up in the south porch.
Parish
Waltersdorf was already a parish with an extensive parish in pre-Reformation times . A majority Protestant population has lived here since the Reformation , and until 1945 the community belonged to the church district Heiligenbeil (today Russian: Mamonowo) in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .
Before 1945 the parish Waltersdorf with its more than 1200 parish members belonged to the following places (* = school location): Birkenau (today Polish: Wilki), Heidenhof (Wrzosek), Kleinwalde (Borek), Neu Bahnau (Nowe Banowo), Preuschhof (Prusowo), * Rehfeld (Grzechotki), Rosenhof (Różanka) and * Waltersdorf.
The majority of the population of Pęciszewo has been Catholic since 1945 . The village now belongs to the parish of Żelazna Góra ( Eisenberg ), which is incorporated into the Braniewo deanery in the Archdiocese of Warmia of the Catholic Church in Poland . Protestant church members living here belong to the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
Pastor until 1945
In the pre-Reformation period, a pastor was named Martin in 1455 , and from 1481 the clergyman Nikolaus Roszenau took over the pastoral position. Pastor Jacob Westhoff , who was in office between 1521 and 1539, is likely to have led the congregation to Lutheran teaching. Until 1945 worked as pastors in Waltersdorf:
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school
There was a school in Waltersdorf as early as the 16th century: a schoolmaster is on record in 1575. From 1856 onwards the school had two classes. The schoolhouse with two classrooms was built in 1909/1910. The last German teacher and cantor was Paul Matern , last represented by the pensioner Kantowski from Königsberg.
After the Second World War, the school building was used for teaching purposes until 1976 before it was used for commercial purposes.
Sons and daughters of the place
- Helmut Echternach (1907–1988), Lutheran theologian and bishop
literature
- Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945. Hamburg 1968.