Panlatinism

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With pan-latinism (also Panlateinismus ) and Panromanismus (also Panrumänismus ) are referred to two different political ideologies.

Franco-Mexican Pan-Latinism

Pan-latinism is since the mid-19th century (after the defeat of Mexico against the United States and the seizure of Napoleon III. In France) by the French Charles Gayarre ( New Orleans ), Alfred Mercier (also Louisiana ) and Michel Chevalier outgoing nationalist current. It transfigured the cultural, religious and, above all, racial similarities, especially in Latin America and France , rather than those between Spain , South America and France. Pan-Latinism is in contrast to both the Pan-Americanism of the USA and the paniberism of Spain and the Ibero-American states among themselves.

The minimum goal was a common defensive stance against the civilizing missionary urge of Anglo-American culture in Europe and the two "Americas", as well as a counterweight to the superior economic power and political influence of the USA and Great Britain . The ultimate goal should be the establishment of political alliances between France and Latin American states or a confederation of the South under French leadership. In Central America (and the Caribbean ) in particular , a powerful but French-dependent Catholic empire should have emerged.

The idea of ​​the common Creole or Latin race was far-fetched, despite the ancient Roman heritage, Roman-Latin Catholicism and the Romance language affinity, but it did lead to the establishment of the term Latin America . French settlers under Gaston de Raousset-Boulbon in the Mexican Sonora against North American advance (from 1853), the seizure of the ideology by the Mexican liberal Ignacio Ramírez (from 1855) and the joint intervention with Spain in America (from 1861) were other hopeful approaches.

Politically, however, the concept failed due to the massive resistance of the USA and the defeat of the southern states supported by France in the US civil war (1865), the French withdrawal from Mexico forced by the USA and the defeat of the empire of Maximilian I installed there (1867) . The defeat of France against Germany (1871) finally led to the downfall of the French empire itself. Even with the “little” Latin “sister” Italy (united with French help) the French hegemonic policy met with rejection and led (1881) to the German-Italian alliance ( Triple Alliance ). Nevertheless, Benito Mussolini later took up the ideal of the "Latin race" again, against France, but at least with Franco Spain as a junior partner and foothills to the Italian minority in South America and the Romance-speaking minorities in Greece (Wlachen).

In Latin America, on the other hand, Panlatinism developed into a powerful Creole patriotism ( La Raza ) against the Americanization of Mexico originating from the USA, but also within the USA ( Latinos , Hispanics ). The term Pan Creolism refers to Latin American music. The multinational TV broadcaster teleSUR is considered Pan-Latin, but is more Ibero-American.

Romanian pan-romance

Pan-Romanism , on the other hand, is a nationalist and power-political state ideology of Romania for the purpose of the cultural unity of Romanian Wallachians and Moldovans , if possible also with other very closely related Balkan-Roman peoples ( Aromanians , Megleno- Romanians and Istrian Romanians ).

In striving for its unity, Romania was initially under the protection of the French emperor in the mid-19th century. Like Panlatinism versus Anglo-American cultural imperialism , Pan-Romanceism clearly distinguished itself from the influences of the Austro-Hungarian and Slavic-Turkish neighbors, e.g. B. towards Russian-Bulgarian Pan-Slavism or Pan-Russianism . Bucharest's emphasis on pan-Romanism places the emphasis on the ancestry from the Romans (Romans) and linguistic affinities , but distinguishes itself from the Latin rite of Christianity; most Balkan novels are still Christian Orthodox today.

With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and efforts were to connect the Vltava again ( see also : movement to unite Romania and Moldavia ) and make Romania's neighboring country still in conflict with the Slavic minorities (see Transnistria conflict ) before the ordeal. This conflict is thus to a large extent the result of the clash between Pan-Slavism and Pan-Romanism.

Pan-Romance

As PanRoman or Pan-Romance or Universal or Unial is also a 1903 by Heinrich Molenaar constructed, the Esperanto borrowed artificial language called. It is more based on French again, but was hardly noticed or was superseded by the Ido . Panroman has a shorter and more uniform vocabulary, on the other hand there is a lack of clarity in the theory of word formation, and the rather German spelling is in discord with the predominantly Romance vocabulary.

The Romansh planned language most widely used today is Interlingua , which was developed from 1924 to 1951 by the linguists of the International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA).

The Pan-Romance vocabulary (more rarely also: Pan-Latin ) is the totality of the common or similar words or word stems of all Romance and similarly influenced European languages ​​(Eurocomprehension).

See also

literature

  • Emil Deckert : Pan-Latinism, Pan-Slavism and Panteutonism in their meaning for the political world situation. A contribution to European national studies. Keller, Frankfurt am Main 1914.
  • Käthe Panick: La race latine. Political Romanism in France in the 19th century (= Paris historical studies. Volume 15). Röhrscheid, Bonn 1978, ISBN 3-7928-0410-7 .
  • Philippe Roger: L'Ennemi américain. Généalogie de l'antiaméricanisme français. Seuil, Paris 2002, ISBN 2-02-040643-8 .

Individual evidence


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