Panteleimon Kondratievich Ponomarenko

Panteleimon Kondratievich Ponomarenko

Panteleimon Ponomarenko ( Russian Пантелеймон Кондратьевич Пономаренко ) (* July 27 ^{. Jul} / 9. August  1902 ^greg. In Schelkowski, Kuban Oblast , Russian Empire ; † 18th January 1984 in Moscow ) was party secretary of the CPSU , Soviet lieutenant general and diplomat .

Education and CP affiliation

As the son of a poor farmer, he had been a member of the armed forces of the socialist revolution since 1918. In 1919 he learned the trade of a locksmith and worked in the oil industry and in the railroad. In 1925 he became a member of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party . In Moscow, around 1928, he began studying at the Transport Engineering Institute, which he finished in 1932.

He then held various positions in the Red Army from 1932 to 1935 . He then worked from 1935 to 1937 as an engineer and group leader at the All Union Institute for Electrical Engineering. From 1938 he held various offices in the Communist Party (KP) of Belarus, these terms of office lasting until 1947, but being repeatedly interrupted by other tasks.

From 1937 to 1938 he was a deputy to the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union . A year later he became an instructor and deputy head of the department of the leading party organs of the CPSU. In 1938 he was sent to Belarus, where he was the first secretary of the CPC Central Committee of Belarus. In the following year he was accepted into the Central Committee of the CPSU (Central Committee). From 1941 to 1958 he was a member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.

Chief of the staff of the command of the partisan units

On May 30, 1942, the central command of the partisan units in the USSR was established, with Ponomarenko as the chief of staff at the High Command of the Red Army was installed. According to his information (at Drum) , the partisan units under his control in Belarus eliminated around 300,000 German soldiers, including 30 generals, 6,336 officers and 1,520 air force soldiers, within two years of fighting. In the same time, 3,000 trains were derailed, 3,263 railway and road bridges, 1,191 tanks and armored vehicles, 618 command vehicles, 4,027 trucks, 476 aircraft, 378 heavy handguns, 895 ammunition and other storage facilities were destroyed.

The concept of destroying the railway network by 90,000 partisans on 200,000 to 300,000 track sections was developed by Ponomarenko, who knew his way around the railways. He argued to Stalin that this destruction would severely restrict the freedom of movement of the German troops.

According to a secret directive of the CP of Belarus dated June 22, 1943, which has not yet been published, the Soviet partisan units had the task of disarming or smashing the Polish national partisans of the Armia Krajowa . Ponomarenko directed these operations in August and December 1943. In 1943 he was promoted to lieutenant general.

Member of the Military Council, Minister and Ambassador

From 1941 to 1945 he was a member of the Military Council on individual fronts such as the Western Front , the Central Front , the Brjansker Front and the 1st Belarusian Front and the 3rd Shock Army . From 1944 to 1948 he was a member of the Council of People's Commissars in the Belarusian SSR , which he chaired. In the Central Committee of the CPSU he worked as a secretary from 1948 to 1950, while at the same time he was a candidate for the Politburo of the CPSU from 1948 to 1952 .

From 1950 to 1953 he held the post of Minister for Registration of the USSR. He then took over the Ministry of Culture from 1953 to 1954. From 1952 to 1953 he was a member of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU . As early as 1952 he was a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Then from 1954 to 1955 he was sent to the Kazakh SSR as the first secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan .

He then began his career as a diplomat when he was sent to Poland as ambassador in 1955. From 1957 to 1959 he worked as ambassador to India and Nepal. From 1959 to 1961 he represented the USSR diplomatically in the Netherlands, but was declared persona non grata in October 1961 . In 1963 he briefly belonged to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Vienna before retiring.

Awards

• Order of Lenin triple
• Suworoworden 1st class
• Order of the Great Patriotic War 1st class
• various medals in World War II

Fonts

• The partisan movement in the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union , Moscow 1943.
• Vsenarodnaia borba v tilu nemetsko-fashistskikh zakhvatchikov 1941-1945 , Moscow 1986.

literature

• PK Ignatov, Partisans of the Kuban , 1945.
• Cecil Aubrey Dixon, Otto Heilbrunn, Communist Guerilla Warfare , 1955.
• Derek John Randall Scott, Russian Political Institutions . 1966.
• Matthew Cooper, The Phantom War - The German struggle against Soviet partisans 1941-1944 , London 1979.
• Leonid D. Grenkevich, David M. Glantz, The Soviet Partisan Movement 1941-1944: A Critical Historiographical Analysis , 1999.
• Rainer Lindner, Historian and Rule - Nation-Building and History Politics in Belarus in the 19th and 20th Centuries , 1999.
• Sheila Fitzpatrick, Education and Social Mobility in the Soviet Union 1921-1934 , 2002.

credentials

• Hans Koch (ed.), 5000 Soviet heads , Cologne 1958.
• Andrew I. Lebed, Heinrich E. Schulze, Stephen S. Taylor, Who's Who in the USSR 1965-66 , New York 1966.
• Karl Drum, Airpower and Russian Partisan Warfare , 1968.
• Bogdan Musial, Soviet partisans in Belarus , 2004.
• Bernhard Chiari, Jerzy Kochanowski, The Polish Home Army History and Myth of the Armia Krajowa since World War II , 2003.