Penzenhofen

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Penzenhofen
Winkelhaid municipality
Coordinates: 49 ° 22 ′ 47 ″  N , 11 ° 18 ′ 12 ″  E
Height : 420 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 651  (1993) 
Incorporation : January 1, 1972
Postal code : 90610
Area code : 09187
The Winkelhaider district of Penzenhofen
The Winkelhaider district of Penzenhofen

Penzenhofen is a district of the Winkelhaid community with 651 inhabitants in the Nürnberger Land district in Middle Franconia . The parish village lies on the eastern edge of the Lorenzer Reichswald in the Franconian Keuper-Lias-Land . The formerly independent rural community is now a place of residence with surrounding agricultural and forestry use. The parish church of St. John the Baptist is the oldest building in the village. For centuries it shaped the town and landscape of Penzenhofen as well as the development of the village. The place is very likely a settlement around a Zeidlerhof and was first mentioned in 1129.

geography

Geographical location

The center of the parish village is about a kilometer south of the center of Winkelhaid and in the southeast of Nuremberg. The place is at an altitude of 420  m above sea level. NHN and had 651 inhabitants in 1993.

Natural allocation

View over a barley field on Penzenhofen from the southwest

The landscape of Penzenhofen lies in the transition area of ​​two natural space units, which are part of the main unit group Franconian Keuper-Lias-Land according to the natural spatial structure of Germany (according to Meynen / Schmithüsen et al.). The foothills of the foreland of the Middle Franconian Jura extend to the east and the Middle Franconian Basin connects to the west of the village .

geology

Penzenhofen is located in the south-west of Germany . The geology is shaped by Keuper and Lias strata from the Triassic . The surface of the Upper Paleozoic to Mesozoic overburden from the Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic determines the slightly modeled relief of the place. Unarticulated layers of Rhätolias shapes the natural environment and are characterized by an alternation of medium to coarse grained sandstone and water-bearing mudstone from. Layers of Gryphäensandstein - up to Numismalis marl formations emerge south of the Ebenbach. North of the main road Penzenhofener have quaternary flight sands deposited. The sands have a small grain size of around 200 micrometers.

ground

View from the south of the greened outskirts of Penzenhofen, in the foreground you can see fields on brown earth and on the right edge of the picture you can see the parish church of St. John the Baptist.

The Keuper-Lias landscape of the rural village is predominantly covered by agriculturally valuable brown earth soils. The forests of Rabenholz and Neuer Bruch to the west, north and south of the Penzenhofener Hauptstrasse, are covered with podsol and brown earth podsol soils, which are characterized by poor nutrients and which are too poor for agricultural use. In the Auenlagen of Eben creek have Gleye and other groundwater-influenced soils of skeleton leading sandy developed. These soil types form the valley sediment of the sand- shaped lowland stream. This is followed by pseudo-glacier locations . These terrestrial soils are characterized by backwater .

climate

Penzenhofen is located in the cool, temperate climate zone and has a humid climate . The district is located in the transition area between the humid Atlantic and the dry continental climate . After the climate classification of Köppen / Geiger Penzenhofen belongs to the temperate warm rainy climate (Cfb climate). The mean air temperature of the warmest month remains below 22 ° C and that of the coldest month above -3 ° C.

Flowing waters

The Ebenbach forms the southwestern border of the village. In the south-east of the course of the brook, the water was dammed into two ponds. As early as the 19th century, a still water was visible in historical maps ( first recording sheets and position sheets). A wood with the old field name Heulohe borders directly on the ponds in the south.

history

Prehistory and early history

The foothills of the Alb east of Nuremberg were settled in prehistoric times due to the agriculturally valuable Black Jura soils. The area south-west and south-east of Penzenhofen shows evidence of settlement from the Urnfield Period and the Latène Period .

middle Ages

Penzenhofen probably arose around the settlement of a Zeidlerhof , as well as Winkelhaid and Ungelstetten . The first written mention of the village is dated to 1129.

Modern times

Due to the administrative reforms carried out in the Kingdom of Bavaria at the beginning of the 19th century , the place became an independent rural community with the second municipal edict, to which the villages Ludersheim and Au also belonged. In the course of the first phase of the municipal territorial reform in Bavaria carried out in the 1970s , Penzenhofen was incorporated into Winkelhaid in 1972. The districts of Ludersheim and Au, which had previously belonged to the municipality of Penzenhofen, were, however, incorporated into the town of Altdorf .

Sights and recreation

In Penzenhofen there are three monuments: the Evangelical Lutheran parish church of St. John the Baptist , a stable house and a barn.

Johanniskirche

The Evangelical Lutheran parish church of St. Johannes is the oldest building in Penzenhofen. The first written mention of the church is in 1403. However, the exact date of construction is unknown.

The hall church with its slender square tower and half-timbering is visible from afar.

Recreation

Several marked hiking and cycling trails run through the varied landscape of Penzenhofen. A two-way cycle path runs along Penzenhofener Hauptstraße ( State Road 2239 ). The cycle path , which runs separately from the road, connects the two communities Feucht and Altdorf with Penzenhofen. Another cycle path runs parallel to Penzenhofener Straße and Altenthanner Straße in north-south direction of the village. The path connects Altenthann with Penzenhofen and Winkelhaid.

traffic

The state road 2239 connects Penzenhofen mainly to the public road network, it runs through the place coming from Feucht in the west in an easterly direction to Altdorf.

literature

  • Dieter Trautmann: Winkelhaid near Nuremberg: Active, livable and lovable . 1st edition. Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1995, ISBN 978-3-89570-107-8 .
  • Dieter Trautmann: Winkelhaid near Nuremberg in pictures - the day before yesterday, yesterday, today . Ed .: Municipality of Winkelhaid. Geigerdruck GmbH, Horb am Neckar 1985, ISBN 3-924932-34-4 .
  • Eckhardt Pfeiffer (Ed.): Nürnberger Land . 3. Edition. Karl Pfeiffer's Buchdruckerei und Verlag, Hersbruck 1993, ISBN 3-9800386-5-3 .

Web links

Commons : Penzenhofen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Eckhardt Pfeiffer (Ed.): Nürnberger Land . 3. Edition. Karl Pfeiffer's Buchdruckerei und Verlag, Hersbruck 1993, ISBN 3-9800386-5-3 , p. 359 .
  2. ↑ Geographical location of Penzenhofen in the BayernAtlas (accessed on January 29, 2018)
  3. ^ Penzenhofen in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (accessed on January 29, 2018)
  4. ↑ Map of the main natural space units and natural space units in Bavaria. Bavarian State Office for the Environment, accessed on August 5, 2020 .
  5. ^ Geodienst: Landscapes in Germany. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN), accessed on August 5, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Landscape profile 11100: Foreland of the Middle Franconian Franconian Jura. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, March 1, 2012, accessed on August 5, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Digital geological map of Bavaria 1: 25,000 (dGK25). In: UmweltAtlas Geologie. Bavarian State Office for the Environment (LfU), accessed on May 19, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Overview soil map of Bavaria 1: 25,000. In: BayernAtlas. Bavarian State Office for the Environment, Bavarian Surveying Administration, EuroGeographics, accessed on August 4, 2020 .
  9. ↑ Climate. Climate-Data.org, accessed on August 5, 2020 .
  10. ↑ a b topographic map. In: BayernAtlas. State Office for Digitization, Broadband and Surveying, accessed on May 19, 2019 .
  11. ↑ First recording sheets (1808-1864). In: BayernAtlas. Bavarian Surveying Administration, accessed on May 19, 2019 .
  12. ↑ Position sheets on a scale of 1: 25,000 (1817 - 1841). In: BayernAtlas. Bavarian Surveying Administration, accessed on May 19, 2019 .
  13. ↑ Peter Honig: A settlement of the Southeast Bavarian Middle Neolithic near Penzenhofen (Gde. Winkelhaid, Lkr. Nürnberger Land): A record of the Middle Neolithic settlement of the Alb foreland . Ed .: Naturhistorische Gesellschaft Nürnberg eV annual reports 1995. Nürnberg 1995, p. 47-52 .
  14. ↑ Bavarian Monument Atlas. State Office for Digitization, Broadband and Surveying, Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, August 31, 2017, accessed on February 18, 2018 .
  15. ↑ Dieter Trautmann: Winkelhaid near Nuremberg: Active, livable and lovable . 1st edition. Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1995, ISBN 978-3-89570-107-8 , p. 15 .
  16. ↑ a b portrait. Winkelhaid municipality, accessed on May 19, 2019 .
  17. ↑ Composition of the rural community Penzenhofen on wiki-de.genealogy.net (accessed on January 29, 2018)
  18. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 724 .
  19. ^ A b Michaela Moritz: Nürnberger Land . Ed .: House of Bavarian History of the Bavarian State Ministry for Education and Culture, Science and Art. No. 11 . Verlag Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7917-2637-3 , p. 42 .
  20. ^ Government district Middle Franconia, district Nürnberger Land, community Winkelhaid. In: Bavarian list of monuments. Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, April 16, 2020, accessed on August 20, 2020 .
  21. ↑ Free time in Bavaria. In: BayernAtlas. State Office for Digitization, Broadband and Surveying, Bavarian Surveying Administration, EuroGeographics, accessed on August 21, 2020 .