Philipp Maria Halm

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Philipp Maria Martin Halm (born October 1, 1866 in Mainz , † February 1, 1933 in Munich ) was a German art historian . From 1920 to 1931 he was general director of the Bavarian National Museum .

Life

Halm in 1866 as the son of Rheinhessen innkeeper and brewer and its Frankish born woman in Mainz. He grew up in his mother's hometown, Bamberg , and first attended a secondary school. At the age of seventeen he went to Berlin to become a visual artist. At that time he was inspired by the Swiss artist Karl Stauffer-Bern . After two years under the care of his older brother, the well-known etcher Peter Halm , he moved to Munich, where he enrolled at the Royal School of Applied Arts . a. was instructed by Fritz von Miller , who was in charge of a metal class. After serving as private students the Absolutorium had recuperated he studied art history , classical archeology and German literature at the University of Munich . His teachers included u. a. Franz Reber and Berthold Riehl , he was further influenced by Riehl's father Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl . In 1894 he was with Berthold Riehl at the Institute for Art History with the dissertation The artist family of the Asam. A contribution to the art history of southern Germany in the 17th and 18th centuries to the Dr. phil. ( summa cum laude ) doctorate.

From 1893 he worked under Riehl as a research assistant on the inventory of art monuments in Bavaria at the State Office for Monument Preservation in Munich, which was then part of the Bavarian National Museum . He also taught art history and style at the arts and crafts school there from 1898 to 1906. In 1903 he became a librarian and in 1905 a curator at the Bavarian National Museum. In 1914 he was given the management of the business, and in 1916 he succeeded the art historian Hans Stegmann as director. He then expanded the folklore department. In 1920 he was appointed general director, which means that he also took over the management of the Bavarian Army Museum and the Theater Museum . In 1925 he was responsible for setting up the department for modern craftsmanship attached to the National Museum as the “New Collection”. In 1928/29 he was also general curator of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation. At that time the local home care department was established.

His focus was on sculpture and painting of the late Middle Ages and the early Renaissance in southern Germany (Old Bavaria, Swabia, Tyrol and Salzburg), medieval iconography ( late Gothic tomb art) and folk art and culture . Halm dealt in essays with then unknown artists such as Hans Valkenauer . Through his work with Adolf Dauher and Hans Daucher , the Fugger Chapel near Sankt Anna in Augsburg was restored to its original state in 1921 .

Halm was a full member of the Commission for Bavarian State History and a member of the Commissions of the Veste Coburg , whose collections he reorganized, and of the Germanic Museum in Nuremberg . Until his death he was also a member of the fine arts section of the German Academy in Munich. He was also chairman of the Bavarian Arts and Crafts Association and was involved in the arts and crafts exhibitions in Munich. From 1926 to 1933 he was first chairman of the Bavarian State Association for Homeland Security . During his tenure, Dr. Benno Filser founded the series of guides through the Bavarian local and local museums . In 1929 he won the National Museum for the association magazine Bayerischer Heimatschutz . The association gave the National Museum its folklore collections on loan . Last but not least, he was head of the Bavaria department of the Pan-German Association , which was shaped by Theodor Heppner . In his honor, the Nuremberg medalist Max Heilmaier designed a plaque (Staatliche Münzsammlung München) in 1918 and a bust (Bavarian National Museum) around 1926 by the Munich sculptor Bernhard Bleeker . Halm was also appointed a secret councilor.

Halm was married and the father of two children; his son Peter (1900–1966) also became an art historian and was director of the State Graphic Collection in Munich from 1948 to 1965 . His brother Peter Halm (1854–1923) was professor of etching at the Munich Art Academy .

He was buried in Munich's Westfriedhof .

Fonts (selection)

  • The Asam family of artists. A contribution to the history of art in southern Germany in the 17th and 18th centuries . Lentner, Munich 1896 ( digitized version ).
  • Adolf Daucher and the Fugger Chapel near St. Anna in Augsburg . Section 1: The sculptures in wood and stone from the 12th century to 1450 (= studies on the history of Fugger . H. 6). Duncker & Humblot, Munich a. a. 1921.
  • with Georg Lill : Die Bildwerke des Bayerischen Nationalmuseums (= catalogs of the Bavarian National Museum . Vol. 13, 1). Dr. B. Filser & Co., Augsburg 1924.
  • Studies on South German Plastic. Old Bavaria and Swabia, Tyrol and Salzburg . 2 volumes, Dr. B. Filser, Augsburg 1926.
  • Erasmus Grasser (= Studies on South German Sculpture . Vol. 3). Dr. B. Filser, Augsburg 1928.
  • with Rudolf Berliner: The Hallesche Heiltum. Manuscript Aschaffenburg 14 . German Association for Art History, Berlin 1931.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Completed dissertations at the Institute for Art History 1873-2001 , kunstgeschichte.uni-muenchen.de, accessed on June 11, 2017.
  2. ^ Winfried Speitkamp : The administration of history. Preservation of monuments and the state in Germany 1871–1933 (= Critical Studies in History . Vol. 114). Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 1996, ISBN 3-525-35777-X , p. 277.
  3. ^ Christian Fuhrmeister : The Fine Arts Section of the German Academy 1925–1945. A desideratum in specialist history . In: Ruth Heftrig, Olaf Peters , Barbara Schellewald (eds.): Art history in the "Third Reich". Theories, methods, practices (= writings on modern art historiography . 1). Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-05-004448-4 , pp. 312–334, here: p. 318.
  4. ^ Karl-Sigismund Kramer : farmers, craftsmen and citizens in the Schachzabelbuch. Medieval class structure according to Jacobus de Cessolis (= research notebooks of the Bavarian National Museum . 14). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-422-06173-8 , p. 8.
personal data
SURNAME Halm, Philipp Maria
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Halm, Philipp Maria Martin (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German art historian and museum director
DATE OF BIRTH October 1, 1866
PLACE OF BIRTH Mainz
DATE OF DEATH February 1, 1933
Place of death Munich